{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T22:25:01Z","timestamp":1788387901420,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,16]],"date-time":"2021-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621123200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,16]],"date-time":"2021-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Health System Academic Leader Training Plan of Pudong District Shanghai","award":["PWRd2018-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PWRd2018-06"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81870202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To investigate whether inflammatory and growth factors (IGFs) were associated with incomplete device endothelialization (IDE) at 6 months after successful left atrial appendage closure (LAAC).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>IDE after LAAC is correlated with device-related thrombus (DRT) formation and subsequent thromboembolic events. However, biomarkers for early detection of IDE remain lacking.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Plasma levels of IGFs including basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), stromal cell derived factor (SDF)-1a, transforming growth factor (TGF)-\u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>, vascular growth factor receptor-1 (VEGF-R<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were determined using ELISA kits in 55 consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) at 6 months after LAAC with Watchman devices. The status of device endothelialization was assessed by transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac CT.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>IDE and complete device endothelialization(CDE)were detected in 38 and 17 patients, respectively. Among the six IGFs, only plasma level of bFGF was significantly lower in patients with IDE compared to those with CDE (303.49\u2009\u00b1\u2009246.84 vs. 556.31\u2009\u00b1\u2009197.84 pg\/ml, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). C-statistics of plasma bFGF for discriminating patients with IDE from those with CDE was 0.785 (95\u2009% CI: 0.663\u20130.907, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with a cut-off value of 440.52pg\/ml (sensitivity 0.765; specificity 0.789). Multivariate logistic regression model showed that lower bFGF was an independent factor for IDE (OR: 11.752, 95\u2009% CI: 2.869\u201348.144, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). bFGF improved the classification of patients (NRI: 0.677,95\u2009% CI: 0.320\u20131.033, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Reduced plasma bFGF level confers an increased risk for IDE after LAAC. Further prospective studies are warranted to examine if bFGF could serve as a biomarker for IDE post LAAC.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-021-02059-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,16]],"date-time":"2021-05-16T10:02:28Z","timestamp":1621159348000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Reduced plasma level of basic fibroblast growth factor is associated with incomplete device endothelialization at six months following left atrial appendage closure"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanzhi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weifeng","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2059_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa612","volume":"42","author":"G Hindricks","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, Arbelo E, Bax JJ, Blomstr\u00f6m-Lundqvist C, Boriani G, Castella M, Dan GA, Dilaveris PE, et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J. 2020;42(5):373\u2013498.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"2","key":"2059_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e125","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000665","volume":"140","author":"CT January","year":"2019","unstructured":"January CT, Wann LS, Calkins H, Chen LY, Cigarroa JE, Cleveland JC Jr, Ellinor PT, Ezekowitz MD, Field ME, Furie KL, et al. 2019 AHA\/ACC\/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA\/ACC\/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society in Collaboration With the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation. 2019;140(2):e125\u201351.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"2059_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2010.04.017","volume":"3","author":"RS Schwartz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schwartz RS, Holmes DR, Van Tassel RA, Hauser R, Henry TD, Mooney M, Matthews R, Doshi S, Jones RM, Virmani R. Left atrial appendage obliteration: mechanisms of healing and intracardiac integration. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2010;3(8):870\u20137.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"10","key":"2059_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs437","volume":"34","author":"J Lammers","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lammers J, Elenbaas T, Meijer A. Thrombus formation on an Amplatzer closure device after left atrial appendage closure. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(10):741.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2059_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2017.12.017","volume":"34","author":"G Prosperi-Porta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Prosperi-Porta G, Schnell G, Colbert J, Franko A, Wilton SB, Kuriachan VP. Multiple thromboembolic events from a left atrial appendage occlusion device. Can J Cardiol. 2018;34(3):342.","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2059_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.4022\/jafib.2162","volume":"11","author":"SP Sharma","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sharma SP, Singh D, Nakamura D, Gopinathannair R, Lakkireddy D. Incomplete endothelialization of WatchmanTM device: predictors and implications from two cases. J Atrial Fibrillation. 2019;11(5):2162.","journal-title":"J Atrial Fibrillation"},{"issue":"4","key":"2059_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.4103\/HEARTVIEWS.HEARTVIEWS_57_19","volume":"20","author":"T Sinanis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sinanis T. A very late and persistent thrombosis after left atrial appendage occlusion. Heart Views: Off J Gulf Heart Assoc. 2019;20(4):175\u20137.","journal-title":"Heart Views: Off J Gulf Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"12","key":"2059_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jey010","volume":"19","author":"H Cochet","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cochet H, Iriart X, Sridi S, Camaioni C, Corneloup O, Montaudon M, Laurent F, Selmi W, Renou P, Jalal Z, et al. Left atrial appendage patency and device-related thrombus after percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion: a computed tomography study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018;19(12):1351\u201361.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"2059_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.25667","volume":"85","author":"M Jaguszewski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jaguszewski M, Manes C, Puippe G, Salzberg S, Muller M, Falk V, Luscher T, Luft A, Alkadhi H, Landmesser U. Cardiac CT and echocardiographic evaluation of peri-device flow after percutaneous left atrial appendage closure using the AMPLATZER cardiac plug device. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2015;85(2):306\u201312.","journal-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"8","key":"2059_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-18-01107","volume":"15","author":"SR Qamar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qamar SR, Jalal S, Nicolaou S, Tsang M, Gilhofer T, Saw J. Comparison of cardiac computed tomography angiography and transoesophageal echocardiography for device surveillance after left atrial appendage closure. EuroIntervention. 2019;15(8):663\u201370.","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"issue":"11","key":"2059_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev067","volume":"16","author":"J Saw","year":"2015","unstructured":"Saw J, Fahmy P, DeJong P, Lempereur M, Spencer R, Tsang M, Gin K, Jue J, Mayo J, McLaughlin P, et al. Cardiac CT angiography for device surveillance after endovascular left atrial appendage closure. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;16(11):1198\u2013206.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"8","key":"2059_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14053","volume":"30","author":"B Sivasambu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sivasambu B, Arbab-Zadeh A, Hays A, Calkins H, Berger RD. Delayed endothelialization of watchman device identified with cardiac CT. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2019;30(8):1319\u201324.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2059_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-017-1593-x","volume":"38","author":"E Fernlund","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fernlund E, Gyllenhammar T, Jablonowski R, Carlsson M, Larsson A, Arnlov J, Liuba P. Serum biomarkers of myocardial remodeling and coronary dysfunction in early stages of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the young. Pediatr Cardiol. 2017;38(4):853\u201363.","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"2059_CR14","first-page":"146764","volume":"2013","author":"H Sinno","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sinno H, Prakash S. Complements and the wound healing cascade: an updated review. Plast Surg Int. 2013;2013:146764.","journal-title":"Plast Surg Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"2059_CR15","first-page":"229","volume":"18","author":"D Aydin Sahin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aydin Sahin D, Baspinar O, Sulu A, Karsligil T, Kul S. A comparison of the in vivo neoendothelialization and wound healing processes of three atrial septal defect occluders used during childhood in a nonrandomized prospective trial. Anatol J Cardiol. 2017;18(3):229\u201334.","journal-title":"Anatol J Cardiol"},{"key":"2059_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.08.042","volume":"99","author":"S Jana","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jana S. Endothelialization of cardiovascular devices. Acta Biomater. 2019;99:53\u201371.","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"issue":"1","key":"2059_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-018-0899-9","volume":"18","author":"C Fastner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fastner C, Hoffmann L, Aboukoura M, Behnes M, Lang S, Borggrefe M, Akin I, Nienaber CA. Real-world experience comparing two common left atrial appendage closure devices. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2018;18(1):171.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"2059_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-021-00958-4","author":"M Ajmal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ajmal M, Hutchinson MD, Lee K, Indik JH. Outcomes in patients implanted with a Watchman device in relation to choice of anticoagulation and indication for implant. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10840-021-00958-4.","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2059_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000000855","volume":"133","author":"M Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen M, Wang ZQ, Wang QS, Sun J, Zhang PP, Feng XF, Li W, Yu Y, Liu B, Mo BF, et al. One-stop strategy for treatment of atrial fibrillation: feasibility and safety of combining catheter ablation and left atrial appendage closure in a single procedure. Chin Med J (Engl). 2020;133(12):1422\u20138.","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"2059_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-12-115","volume":"12","author":"RH Eckel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Eckel RH, Cornier MA. Update on the NCEP ATP-III emerging cardiometabolic risk factors. BMC Med. 2014;12:115.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2059_CR21","first-page":"4","volume":"19","author":"A Tzikas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tzikas A, Holmes DR Jr, Gafoor S, Ruiz CE, Blomstr\u00f6m-Lundqvist C, Diener HC, Cappato R, Kar S, Lee RJ, Byrne RA, et al. Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion: the Munich consensus document on definitions, endpoints, and data collection requirements for clinical studies. Ep Europace. 2017;19(1):4\u201315.","journal-title":"Ep Europace"},{"issue":"7","key":"2059_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2014.03.003","volume":"7","author":"S Kar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kar S, Hou D, Jones R, Werner D, Swanson L, Tischler B, Stein K, Huibregtse B, Ladich E, Kutys R, et al. Impact of Watchman and Amplatzer devices on left atrial appendage adjacent structures and healing response in a canine model. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2014;7(7):801\u20139.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"12","key":"2059_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2012.02360.x","volume":"23","author":"L Massarenti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Massarenti L, Yilmaz A. Incomplete endothelialization of left atrial appendage occlusion device 10 months after implantation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2012;23(12):1384\u20135.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2059_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezz135","volume":"56","author":"F McIvor","year":"2019","unstructured":"McIvor F, Wall D. Who watches the WATCHMAN? A case of incomplete endothelialization at 3 years after device implantation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2019;56(6):1194\u20135.","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"2059_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.11.028","volume":"59","author":"JF Viles-Gonzalez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Viles-Gonzalez JF, Kar S, Douglas P, Dukkipati S, Feldman T, Horton R, Holmes D, Reddy VY. The clinical impact of incomplete left atrial appendage closure with the Watchman Device in patients with atrial fibrillation: a PROTECT AF (Percutaneous Closure of the Left Atrial Appendage Versus Warfarin Therapy for Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation) substudy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(10):923\u20139.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2059_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033.e1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2015.09.020","volume":"32","author":"J Saw","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saw J, Lopes JP, Reisman M, McLaughlin P, Nicolau S, Bezerra HG. Cardiac computed tomography angiography for left atrial appendage closure. Can J Cardiol. 2016;32(8):1033.e1031-1039.","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2059_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-17-0412","volume":"82","author":"X Tang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tang X, Zhang Z, Wang F, Bai Y, Xu X, Huang X, Zhao X, Gong S, Qin Y. Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure with LACBES(\u00ae) Occluder\u2014a preclinical feasibility study. Circ J. 2017;82(1):87\u201392.","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2059_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12346","volume":"19","author":"Z Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang Z, Wang Y, Ye J, Lu X, Cheng Y, Xiang L, Chen L, Feng W, Shi H, Yu X, et al. bFGF attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial injury on myocardial ischaemia\/reperfusion via activation of PI3K\/Akt\/ERK1\/2 pathway. J Cell Mol Med. 2015;19(3):595\u2013607.","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2059_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9933","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29808","volume":"235","author":"X Dong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dong X, He Z, Xiang G, Cai L, Xu Z, Mao C, Feng Y. Paeoniflorin promotes angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in a full-thickness cutaneous wound model through the PI3K\/AKT pathway. J Cell Physiol. 2020;235(12):9933\u201345.","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2059_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2018.06.035","volume":"370","author":"W Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang W, Bai X, Zhao B, Li Y, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang X, Luo L, Han F, Zhang J, et al. Cell-free therapy based on adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes promotes wound healing via the PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res. 2018;370(2):333\u201342.","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2059_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035090","volume":"138","author":"SR Dukkipati","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dukkipati SR, Kar S, Holmes DR, Doshi SK, Swarup V, Gibson DN, Maini B, Gordon NT, Main ML, Reddy VY. Device-Related Thrombus after left atrial appendage closure: incidence, predictors, and outcomes. Circulation. 2018;138(9):874\u201385.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"11","key":"2059_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2018.11.001","volume":"12","author":"J Saw","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saw J, Nielsen-Kudsk JE, Bergmann M, Daniels MJ, Tzikas A, Reisman M, Rana BS. Antithrombotic therapy and device-related thrombosis following endovascular left atrial appendage closure. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;12(11):1067\u201376.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"4","key":"2059_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2016.11.029","volume":"10","author":"J Saw","year":"2017","unstructured":"Saw J, Tzikas A, Shakir S, Gafoor S, Omran H, Nielsen-Kudsk JE, Kefer J, Aminian A, Berti S, Santoro G, et al. Incidence and clinical impact of device-associated thrombus and peri-device leak following left atrial appendage closure with the amplatzer cardiac plug. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2017;10(4):391\u20139.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"24","key":"2059_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.10.021","volume":"70","author":"VY Reddy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Reddy VY, Doshi SK, Kar S, Gibson DN, Price MJ, Huber K, Horton RP, Buchbinder M, Neuzil P, Gordon NT, et al. 5-Year outcomes after left atrial appendage closure: from the PREVAIL and PROTECT AF Trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(24):2964\u201375.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"}],"container-title":["BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-021-02059-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12872-021-02059-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-021-02059-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,16]],"date-time":"2021-05-16T10:02:44Z","timestamp":1621159364000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccardiovascdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12872-021-02059-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,16]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2059"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-021-02059-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 February 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 May 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Shanghai east hospital affiliated to Tongji University.  Written informed consent was obtained from individual participant.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"242"}}