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Early identification of the cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) among youths assists in determining the high-risk group to develop CAD in later life. In view of the modernised lifestyle, both urban and rural residing youths are thought to be equally exposed to various CRF. This study aimed to describe the common CRF including obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, smoking and family history of hypercholesterolaemia and premature CAD in youths residing in urban and rural areas in Malaysia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited 942 Malaysian subjects aged 15\u201324\u00a0years old [(males\u2009=\u2009257, and urban\u2009=\u2009555 vs. rural\u2009=\u2009387, (mean age\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD\u2009=\u200920.5\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1\u00a0years)] from the community health screening programmes organised in both rural and urban regions throughout Malaysia. Medical history and standardised anthropometric measurements were recorded. Laboratory investigations were obtained for fasting serum lipid profiles and plasma glucose levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 43.7% from the total study population was either obese or overweight. Youths in the rural were more overweight and obese (49.4% vs. 42.7%,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.044) and have higher family history of hypercholesterolaemia (16.3% vs. 11.3%,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.036) than youths in the urban areas. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) (2.8 vs. 2.7\u00a0mmol\/L) and total cholesterol (TC) (4.7 vs. 4.5\u00a0mmol\/L) were significantly higher in urban compared to rural youths (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.019 and<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.012). Overall, more youth in this study has CRF rather than not (Has\u2009\u2265\u20091 CRF\u2009=\u200969.9%). Significantly more rural youths have at least one CRF compared to urban youths (rural\u2009=\u200974.2% vs. urban\u2009=\u200966.8%,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In conclusion, our study showed that a large number of youths had at least one or more CRF. Rural youths have significantly higher BMI with higher family history of hypercholesterolaemia compared to urban youths. However, urban youths have higher LDL-c and TC levels. Other coronary risk factors are not significantly different between urban and rural youths. Rural youths have more CRF compared to urban youths. A larger longitudinal study focusing on this population is important to better understand the effect of the area of residence on CRF in youth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-021-02447-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T10:02:54Z","timestamp":1645783374000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Identification of cardiovascular risk factors among urban and rural Malaysian youths"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Noor Shafina","family":"Mohd Nor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yung-An","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suraya","family":"Abdul Razak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaliha","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hapizah","family":"Nawawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"MyHEBAT-CRES investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2447_CR1","unstructured":"Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) [Internet]. 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Ethics Committee Board. The study was carried out in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants and parents provided written informed consent prior to the participation in the research.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consents were obtained from the parents and participants for the publication of this study on reasonable request.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"70"}}