{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T09:06:46Z","timestamp":1792746406327,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643155200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010731","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["129-2563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["129-2563"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Intravenous adenosine is the recommended treatment for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). There is no official recommended method of giving adenosine. We compared the success rates between a standard and alternative method of first dose intravenous adenosine in PSVT.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A pilot parallel randomized controlled study was conducted in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital. Eligible patients were stable PSVT adult patients. We used block randomization and divided them into two groups, the standard method (double syringe technique of 6\u00a0mg of adenosine), and the alternative method (similar to the standard method, then immediately followed by elevating the arm to 90\u00b0 perpendicular to a horizontal plane for 10 s). The primary outcome was the success rate of electrocardiogram (ECG) response which demonstrated termination of PSVT (at least two-fold of the RR-interval widening or sinus rhythm conversion). Secondary outcomes were complications within one minute after the injection.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We allocated 15 patients in each group and analyzed them as intention-to-treat. The success rate was 86.7% in the alternative group and 80% in the standard group (risk difference 6.7%, 95% confidence interval \u2212\u00a019.9 to 33.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> 1.00). Complications within one minute after adenosine injection were also similar in both groups, 14 of 15 patients (93%) in each group had no complications, without significant difference.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>No evidence of the difference between alternative and standard methods occurred, in terms of the success rate of ECG response and complications within one minute after adenosine injection. The standard method of adenosine injection is a safe, easy-to-administer, and widely available treatment for PSVT.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Trial Registration<\/jats:italic>: TCTR20200609001.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-022-02464-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T12:02:52Z","timestamp":1643198572000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparing methods of adenosine administration in paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: a pilot randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7746-5303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phruek","family":"Daengbubpha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3465-5534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Borwon","family":"Wittayachamnankul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krongkarn","family":"Sutham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boriboon","family":"Chenthanakij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1783-3095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theerapon","family":"Tangsuwanaruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2464_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2017.10.003","volume":"54","author":"S Brubaker","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brubaker S, Long B, Koyfman A. Alternative treatment options for atrioventricular-nodal-reentry tachycardia: an emergency medicine review. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(2):198\u2013206.","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2464_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.11.012","volume":"50","author":"AM Bailey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bailey AM, Baum RA, Rose J, Humphries RL. High-dose adenosine for treatment of refractory supraventricular tachycardia in an emergency department of an academic medical center: a case report and literature review. J Emerg Med. 2016;50(3):477\u201381.","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"2464_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.08.856","volume":"67","author":"RL Page","year":"2016","unstructured":"Page RL, Joglar JA, Caldwell MA, Calkins H, Conti JB, Deal BJ, et al. 2015 ACC\/AHA\/HRS guideline for the management of adult patients with supraventricular tachycardia: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(13):e27-115.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"2464_CR4","first-page":"S366","volume":"142","author":"AR Panchal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Panchal AR, Bartos JA, Caba\u00f1as JG, Donnino MW, Drennan IR, Hirsch KG, et al. Part 3: adult basic and advanced life support: 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2020;142(16):S366-468.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"2464_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.82.2.163","volume":"82","author":"GA Ng","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ng GA, Martin W, Rankin AC. Imaging of adenosine bolus transit following intravenous administration: insights into antiarrhythmic efficacy. Heart. 1999;82(2):163\u20139.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"2","key":"2464_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-113-2-104","volume":"113","author":"JP Di Marco","year":"1990","unstructured":"Di Marco JP, Miles W, Akhtar M, Milstein S, Sharma AD, Platia E, et al. Adenosine for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: dose ranging and comparison with verapamil. Assessment in placebo-controlled, multicenter trials. The Adenosine for PSVT Study Group. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113(2):104\u201310.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2464_CR7","first-page":"224","volume":"14","author":"SC Choi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Choi SC, Yoon SK, Kim GW, Hur JM, Baek KW, Jung YS. A convenient method of adenosine administration for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. J Korean Soc Emerg Med. 2003;14(3):224\u20137.","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Emerg Med"},{"key":"2464_CR8","unstructured":"ProACLS by ProTrainings. Adenosine (ACLS Pharmacology) [Internet]. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: https:\/\/www.proacls.com\/training\/video\/adenosine."},{"key":"2464_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gulati M, Levy PD, Mukherjee D, Amsterdam E, Bhatt DL, Birtcher KK, et al. 2021 AHA\/ACC\/ASE\/CHEST\/SAEM\/SCCT\/SCMR guideline for the evaluation and diagnosis of chest pain: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2021 Oct;CIR0000000000001030.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001030"},{"key":"2464_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.02.009","volume":"161","author":"TM Olasveengen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Olasveengen TM, Semeraro F, Ristagno G, Castren M, Handley A, Kuzovlev A, et al. European resuscitation council guidelines 2021: basic life support. Resuscitation. 2021;161:98\u2013114.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2464_CR11","first-page":"CD005154","volume":"10","author":"S Alabed","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alabed S, Sabouni A, Providencia R, Atallah E, Qintar M, Chico TJ. Adenosine versus intravenous calcium channel antagonists for supraventricular tachycardia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;10:CD005154.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"10005","key":"2464_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)61485-4","volume":"386","author":"A Appelboam","year":"2015","unstructured":"Appelboam A, Reuben A, Mann C, Gagg J, Ewings P, Barton A, et al. Postural modification to the standard Valsalva manoeuvre for emergency treatment of supraventricular tachycardias (REVERT): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2015;386(10005):1747\u201353.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"2464_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/pst.185","volume":"4","author":"SA Julious","year":"2005","unstructured":"Julious SA. Sample size of 12 per group rule of thumb for a pilot study. Pharm Stat. 2005;4(4):287\u201391.","journal-title":"Pharm Stat"},{"issue":"2","key":"2464_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2017.70.2.144","volume":"70","author":"SG Kwak","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kwak SG, Kim JH. Central limit theorem: the cornerstone of modern statistics. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2017;70(2):144\u201356.","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"}],"container-title":["BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-022-02464-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12872-022-02464-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-022-02464-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T12:03:46Z","timestamp":1643198626000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccardiovascdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12872-022-02464-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2464"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-022-02464-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 June 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 January 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University Ethics Committee approval was obtained (No. 159\/2020) on May 8, 2020. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all patients.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"15"}}