{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T23:12:25Z","timestamp":1780614745522,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Extracorporeal left ventricular assist device is often required for acute myocardial infarction patients in cardiogenic shock when temporary mechanical circulatory support fails to provide hemodynamic stabilization. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of acute myocardial infarction patients in cardiogenic shock supported by an extracorporeal left ventricular assist device.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This retrospective study enrolled 13 acute myocardial infarction patients in cardiogenic shock treated with an extracorporeal left ventricular assist device from April 2011 to July 2020.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Twelve (92.3%) and eleven (84.6%) patients were supported using venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and intra-aortic balloon pumping before implantation, respectively. The median duration from acute myocardial infarction to extracorporeal left ventricular assist device implantation was 7 (3.5\u201324.5) days. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 30.8% (n\u2009=\u20094). Extracorporeal left ventricular assist device was explanted in one patient for cardiac recovery; eight (61.5%) patients were approved as heart transplant candidates in whom the extracorporeal left ventricular assist device was exchanged for a durable left ventricular assist device; two (15.4%) expired while waiting for a heart transplant, and two (15.4%) received a successful transplant. The 1- and 3-year overall survival rates after extracorporeal left ventricular assist device implantation were 68.3% and 49.9%, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The operative mortality after extracorporeal left ventricular assist device implantation in acute myocardial infarction patients in cardiogenic shock was favorable. Our strategy of early hemodynamic stabilization with extracorporeal left ventricular assist device implantation in these patients as a bridge-to-bridge therapy was effective in achieving better survival.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-022-02500-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T23:02:29Z","timestamp":1645052549000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Surgical outcomes of bridge-to-bridge therapy with extracorporeal left ventricular assist device for acute myocardial infarction in cardiogenic shock"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1349-4148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiho","family":"Tokunaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Iguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumiya","family":"Chubachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuto","family":"Hori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akitoshi","family":"Takazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihisa","family":"Asakura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Yoshitake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2500_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199904153401504","volume":"340","author":"RJ Goldberg","year":"1999","unstructured":"Goldberg RJ, Samad NA, Yarzebski J, Gurwitz J, Bigelow C, Gore JM. Temporal trends in cariogenic shock complication acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:1162\u20138.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2500_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1053\/hj.1999.v137.95352","volume":"137","author":"JS Hochman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hochman JS, Sleeper LA, Godfrey E, McKinlay SM, Sanborn T, Col J, et al. Should we emergently revascularize occluded coronaries for cardiogenic shock: an international randomized trial of emergency ptca\/cabg-trial design. The shock trial study group. Am Heart J. 1999;137:313\u201321.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2500_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.2.190","volume":"285","author":"JS Hochman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hochman JS, Sleeper LA, White HD, Dzavik V, Wong SC, Menon V, et al. One-year survival following early revascularization for cardiogenic shock. JAMA. 2001;285:190\u20132.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2500_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02640-4","volume":"356","author":"D Hasdai","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hasdai D, Topol EJ, Califf RM, Berger PB, Holmes DR Jr. Cardiogenic shock complicating acute coronary syndromes. Lancet. 2000;356:749\u201356.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2500_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezx088","volume":"52","author":"CA den Uil","year":"2017","unstructured":"den Uil CA, Akin S, Jewbali LS, Dos Reis Miranda D, Brugts JJ, Constantinescu AA, et al. Short-term mechanical circulatory support as a bridge to durable left ventricular assist device implantation in refractory cardiogenic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2017;52:14\u201325.","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2500_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz363","volume":"40","author":"H Thiele","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thiele H, Ohman EM, de Waha-Thiele S, Zeymer U, Desch S. Management of cardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction: an update 2019. Eur Heart J. 2019;40:2671\u201383.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2500_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2012.02.027","volume":"31","author":"JA Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang JA, Kato TS, Shulman BP, Takayama H, Farr M, Jorde UP, et al. Liver dysfunction as a predictor of outcomes in patients with advanced heart failure requiring ventricular assist device support: Use of the model of end-stage liver disease (meld) and meld excluding inr (meld-xi) scoring system. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2012;31:601\u201310.","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2500_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2018.02.082","volume":"106","author":"A Critsinelis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Critsinelis A, Kurihara C, Volkovicher N, Kawabori M, Sugiura T, Manon M 2nd, et al. Model of end-stage liver disease-excluding international normalized ratio (meld-xi) scoring system to predict outcomes in patients who undergo left ventricular assist device implantation. Ann Thorac Surg. 2018;106:513\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2500_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leshnower BG, Gleason TG, O'Hara ML, Pochettino A, Woo YJ, Morris RJ, et al. Safety and efficacy of left ventricular assist device support in postmyocardial infarction cardiogenic shock. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006;81:1365\u201370; discussion 70\u20131.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.11.040"},{"key":"2500_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-14-1354","volume":"79","author":"S Gafoor","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gafoor S, Franke J, Lam S, Reinartz M, Bertog S, Vaskelyte L, et al. Devices in heart failure\u2014the new revolution. Circ J. 2015;79:237\u201344.","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"2500_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.21037\/acs.2018.11.05","volume":"8","author":"HT Massey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Massey HT, Choi JH, Maynes EJ, Tchantchaleishvili V. Temporary support strategies for cardiogenic shock: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, percutaneous ventricular assist devices and surgically placed extracorporeal ventricular assist devices. Ann Cardiothorac Surg. 2019;8:32\u201343.","journal-title":"Ann Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2500_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi161","volume":"26","author":"H Thiele","year":"2005","unstructured":"Thiele H, Sick P, Boudriot E, Diederich KW, Hambrecht R, Niebauer J, et al. Randomized comparison of intra-aortic balloon support with a percutaneous left ventricular assist device in patients with revascularized acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:1276\u201383.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2500_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.10.063","volume":"202","author":"DM Ouweneel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ouweneel DM, Engstrom AE, Sjauw KD, Hirsch A, Hill JM, Gockel B, et al. Experience from a randomized controlled trial with impella 2.5 versus iabp in stemi patients with cardiogenic pre-shock. Lessons learned from the impress in stemi trial. Int J Cardiol. 2016;202:894\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2500_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.10.026","volume":"69","author":"DM Ouweneel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ouweneel DM, Eriksen E, Seyfarth M, Henriques JP. Percutaneous mechanical circulatory support versus intra-aortic balloon pump for treating cardiogenic shock: meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69:358\u201360.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2500_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(99)01575-1","volume":"69","author":"SJ Park","year":"2000","unstructured":"Park SJ, Nguyen DQ, Bank AJ, Ormaza S, Bolman RM 3rd. Left ventricular assist device bridge therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Ann Thorac Surg. 2000;69:1146\u201351.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2500_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2005.04.014","volume":"130","author":"NC Dang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dang NC, Topkara VK, Leacche M, John R, Byrne JG, Naka Y. Left ventricular assist device implantation after acute anterior wall myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock: a two-center study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005;130:693\u20138.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2500_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2012.01.001","volume":"59","author":"S Kyo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kyo S, Minami T, Nishimura T, Gojo S, Ono M. New era for therapeutic strategy for heart failure: destination therapy by left ventricular assist device. J Cardiol. 2012;59:101\u20139.","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"2500_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-015-0580-5","volume":"63","author":"S Saito","year":"2015","unstructured":"Saito S. Towards destination therapy with left ventricular assist devices in Japan. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2015;63:537\u20139.","journal-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2500_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-019-01227-y","volume":"68","author":"K Kinugawa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kinugawa K, Nishimura T, Toda K, Saiki Y, Niinami H, Nunoda S, et al. The second official report from japanese registry for mechanical assisted circulatory support (j-macs): first results of bridge to bridge strategy. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2020;68:102\u201311.","journal-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2500_CR20","unstructured":"Farrar DJ, Lawson JH, Litwak P, Cederwall G. Thoratec vad system as a bridge to heart transplantation. J Heart Transplant. 1990;9:415\u201322; discussion 22\u20133."},{"key":"2500_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(98)70373-3","volume":"115","author":"PM McCarthy","year":"1998","unstructured":"McCarthy PM, Smedira NO, Vargo RL, Goormastic M, Hobbs RE, Starling RC, et al. One hundred patients with the heartmate left ventricular assist device: evolving concepts and technology. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998;115:904\u201312.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2500_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.036614","volume":"139","author":"B Schrage","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schrage B, Ibrahim K, Loehn T, Werner N, Sinning JM, Pappalardo F, et al. Impella support for acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. Circulation. 2019;139:1249\u201358.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2500_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.22263","volume":"75","author":"M Remmelink","year":"2010","unstructured":"Remmelink M, Sjauw KD, Henriques JP, de Winter RJ, Vis MM, Koch KT, et al. Effects of mechanical left ventricular unloading by impella on left ventricular dynamics in high-risk and primary percutaneous coronary intervention patients. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2010;75:187\u201394.","journal-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"2500_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03086221","volume":"17","author":"M Remmelink","year":"2009","unstructured":"Remmelink M, Sjauw KD, Piek JJ, de Winter RJ, Baan J Jr. Effects of left ventricular unloading on reperfusion-related aivr in acute myocardial infarction. Neth Heart J. 2009;17:73\u20134.","journal-title":"Neth Heart J"},{"key":"2500_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2020.00074","volume":"7","author":"A Schafer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schafer A, Werner N, Burkhoff D, Sieweke JT, Zietzer A, Masyuk M, et al. Influence of timing and predicted risk on mortality in impella-treated infarct-related cardiogenic shock patients. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2020;7:74.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2500_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2017.10.136","volume":"155","author":"A Pawale","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pawale A, Schwartz Y, Itagaki S, Pinney S, Adams DH, Anyanwu AC. Selective implantation of durable left ventricular assist devices as primary therapy for refractory cardiogenic shock. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018;155:1059\u201368.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2500_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezx189","volume":"52","author":"K Takeda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Takeda K, Garan AR, Ando M, Han J, Topkara VK, Kurlansky P, et al. Minimally invasive centrimag ventricular assist device support integrated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in cardiogenic shock patients: a comparison with conventional centrimag biventricular support configuration. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2017;52:1055\u201361.","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2500_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-17-0024","volume":"83","author":"S Nunoda","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nunoda S, Sasaoka T, Sakata Y, Ono M, Sawa Y, Isobe M, et al. Survival of heart transplant candidates in Japan. Circ J. 2019;83:681\u20133.","journal-title":"Circ J"}],"container-title":["BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-022-02500-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12872-022-02500-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-022-02500-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T23:03:41Z","timestamp":1645052621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccardiovascdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12872-022-02500-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2500"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-022-02500-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 September 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 February 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the institutional review board of Saitama Medical University (approval no. 18-263), and the requirement for informed consent was waived owing to the retrospective nature of the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"54"}}