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This study aimed to identify hub genes and immune cells that could serve as potential therapeutic targets for DCM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We downloaded four datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database: GSE141910, GSE3585, GSE42955 and GSE79962. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis were performed to identify gene panels related to DCM. Meanwhile, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to estimate the immune cells in DCM tissues. Multiple machine learning approaches were used to screen the hub genes and immune cells. Finally, the diagnostic value of the hub genes was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. An experimental mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy was used to validate the bioinformatics results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FRZB and EXT1 were identified as hub biomarkers, and the ROC curves suggested an excellent diagnostic ability of the above genes for DCM. In addition, naive B cells were upregulated in DCM tissues, while eosinophils, M2 macrophages, and memory CD4 T cells were downregulated in DCM tissues. The increase in two hub genes and naive B cells was\u00a0validated\u00a0in\u00a0animal\u00a0experiments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results indicated that FRZB and EXT1 could be used as promising biomarkers, and eosinophils, M2 macrophages, resting memory CD4 T cells and naive B cells may also affect the occurrence of DCM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-022-02759-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T04:02:48Z","timestamp":1658116968000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Exploration of dilated cardiomyopathy for biomarkers and immune microenvironment: evidence from RNA-seq"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Chenggang","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhan","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhimin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kexin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengkai","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanggan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2759_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm342","volume":"29","author":"P Elliott","year":"2008","unstructured":"Elliott P, Andersson B, Arbustini E, Bilinska Z, Cecchi F, Charron P, et al. 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All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, and all methods are reported in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines\u00a0(\n                      \n                      ) for the reporting of animal experiments.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no potential competing interests with respect to the research, authorship, and\/or publication of this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"320"}}