{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T15:50:30Z","timestamp":1791474630096,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1A2C1102097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A2C1102097"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Klotho deficiency is a significant predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality and morbidity. However, research assessing the association between klotho and individual risk factors of CVD is limited. This study aimed to explore the association between circulating serum klotho levels and risk factors for CVD in adults.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We used the 2007\u20132016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and included 13,154 participants for whom serum klotho levels were available. Body mass index (BMI), exercise, smoking status, alcohol consumption, hypertension, dyslipidemia, serum lipid parameters, and blood pressure were considered as CVD risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Circulating klotho levels were negatively associated with being overweight (beta coefficient: \u2212\u200922.609, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0025), obesity (beta coefficient: \u2212\u200923.716, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0011), current smoking (beta coefficient: \u2212\u200946.412, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), and alcohol consumption (beta coefficient: \u2212\u200951.194, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). There was a positive association between serum klotho levels and no history of dyslipidemia (beta coefficient: 15.474, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0053). Serum klotho levels were significantly decreased by a unit increase in triglycerides (beta coefficient: \u2212\u20090.117, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0006) and total cholesterol (beta coefficient: \u2212\u20090.249, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0002). There was a significant non-linear relationship between serum klotho levels, triglycerides, and total cholesterol.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Lower serum klotho levels are associated with certain CVD risk factors, including high BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, and lipid parameters (triglycerides and total cholesterol). This study suggests that the soluble klotho level may be a potential marker for CVD risk.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-022-02885-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T06:02:31Z","timestamp":1665468151000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Association between serum klotho levels and cardiovascular disease risk factors in older adults"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jaeho","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donghoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyo-jung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju-Young","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Young","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoung-Bok","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6655","key":"2885_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/36285","volume":"390","author":"M Kuro-o","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kuro-o M, et al. 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This study was exempt from formal ethics review as a secondary analysis of existing NHANES public data under the US Health & Human Services regulations at 45 CFR 46.101(b). Participants gave written informed consent before the home interview and health exams (). This study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"None.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"442"}}