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Patients were categorized into three groups based on the percentage of nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP) dipping: the dipper, non-dipper and reverse dipper groups. Baseline demographic characteristics, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring parameters, Holter recordings (including DC and AC), and echocardiographic parameters were collected.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this study, the lowest DC values were observed in the reverse dipper group, followed by the non-dipper and dipper groups (6.46\u2009\u00b1\u20092.06 vs. 6.65\u2009\u00b1\u20091.95 vs. 8.07\u2009\u00b1\u20091.79 ms, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Additionally, the AC gradually decreased (-6.32\u2009\u00b1\u20092.02 vs. -6.55\u2009\u00b1\u20091.95 vs. -7.80\u2009\u00b1\u20091.73 ms, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). There was a significant association between DC (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.307, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), AC (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>=-.303, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and nocturnal SBP decline. Furthermore, DC (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.785, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001) was positively associated with nocturnal SBP decline, whereas AC was negatively associated with nocturnal SBP (\u03b2 = -0.753, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.002). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, deceleration capacity [OR (95% CI): 0.705 (0.594\u20130.836), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001], and acceleration capacity [OR (95% CI): 1.357 (1.141\u20131.614), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001] were identified as independent risk factors for blood pressure nondipper status. The analysis of ROC curves revealed that the area under the curve for DC\/AC in predicting the circadian rhythm of blood pressure was 0.711\/0.697, with a sensitivity of 73.4%\/65.1% and specificity of 66.7%\/71.2%.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Abnormal DC and AC density were correlated with a blunted decline in nighttime SBP, suggesting a potential association between the circadian rhythm of blood pressure in essential hypertension patients and autonomic nervous dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-024-03933-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T09:01:44Z","timestamp":1715936504000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Heart rate deceleration and acceleration capacities associated with circadian rhythm of blood pressure in essential hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jijing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wentao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanyu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9369","key":"3933_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13302-8","volume":"361","author":"JA Staessen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Staessen JA, Wang J, Bianchi G, Birkenh\u00e4ger WH. 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