{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:34:51Z","timestamp":1787164491800,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]],"date-time":"2024-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720051200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]],"date-time":"2024-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the occurrence of arrhythmias and heart rate variability (HRV) in hypertensive patients is not elucidated. Our study investigates the association between OSA, arrhythmias, and HRV in hypertensive patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis involving hypertensive patients divided based on their apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) into two groups: the AHI\u2009\u2264\u200915 and the AHI\u2009&gt;\u200915. All participants underwent polysomnography (PSG), 24-hour dynamic electrocardiography (DCG), cardiac Doppler ultrasound, and other relevant evaluations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The AHI\u2009&gt;\u200915 group showed a significantly higher prevalence of frequent atrial premature beats and atrial tachycardia (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.030 and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.035, respectively) than the AHI\u2009\u2264\u200915 group. Time-domain analysis indicated that the standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN) and the standard deviation of every 5-minute normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDANN) were significantly higher in the AHI\u2009&gt;\u200915 group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.020 and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.033, respectively). Frequency domain analysis revealed that the low-frequency (LF), high-frequency (HF) components, and the LF\/HF ratio were also significantly elevated in the AHI\u2009&gt;\u200915 group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.031, and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.028, respectively). Furthermore, left atrial diameter (LAD) was significantly larger in the AHI\u2009&gt;\u200915 group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Both univariate and multivariable linear regression analyses confirmed a significant association between PSG-derived independent variables and the dependent HRV parameters SDNN, LF, and LF\/HF ratio (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098.929,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001;\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200914.832,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001;\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095.917,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.016, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hypertensive patients with AHI\u2009&gt;\u200915 are at an increased risk for atrial arrhythmias and left atrial dilation, with HRV significantly correlating with OSA severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-024-04008-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]],"date-time":"2024-07-04T03:02:16Z","timestamp":1720062136000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Association between obstructive sleep apnea and arrhythmia and heart rate variability among hypertensive patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Shao-dong","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling-li","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei-fei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan-zhi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"4008_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2018.05.016","volume":"15","author":"M Manninger","year":"2018","unstructured":"Manninger M, Zweiker D, van Hunnik A, Alogna A, Prassl AJ, Schipke J, Zeemering S, Zirngast B, Sch\u00f6nleitner P, Schwarzl M, et al. Arterial hypertension drives arrhythmia progression via specific structural remodeling in a porcine model of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2018;15(9):1328\u201336.","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"2","key":"4008_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-019-0342-3","volume":"43","author":"P Cai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cai P, Zhong W, Wang Y, Wang X. Effects of white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension on coronary artery stenosis and cardiac arrhythmia. Hypertens Research: Official J Japanese Soc Hypertens. 2020;43(2):121\u201331.","journal-title":"Hypertens Research: Official J Japanese Soc Hypertens"},{"issue":"4","key":"4008_CR3","first-page":"235","volume":"3","author":"GYH Lip","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lip GYH, Coca A, Kahan T, Boriani G, Manolis AS, Olsen MH, Oto A, Potpara TS, Steffel J, Mar\u00edn F, et al. Hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias: executive summary of a consensus document from the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and ESC Council on Hypertension, endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and Sociedad Latinoamericana De Estimulaci\u00f3n Card\u00edaca Y Electrofisiolog\u00eda (SOLEACE). Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacotherapy. 2017;3(4):235\u201350.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"4008_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.311402","volume":"122","author":"P Verdecchia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Verdecchia P, Angeli F, Reboldi G. Hypertension and atrial fibrillation: doubts and certainties from basic and clinical studies. Circul Res. 2018;122(2):352\u201368.","journal-title":"Circul Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4008_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2019.06.011","volume":"15","author":"MR Afzal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Afzal MR, Savona S, Mohamed O, Mohamed-Osman A, Kalbfleisch SJ. Hypertension and arrhythmias. Heart Fail Clin. 2019;15(4):543\u201350.","journal-title":"Heart Fail Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"4008_CR6","first-page":"479","volume":"13","author":"VK Kapur","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kapur VK, Auckley DH, Chowdhuri S, Kuhlmann DC, Mehra R, Ramar K, Harrod CG. Clinical practice guideline for diagnostic testing for adult obstructive sleep apnea: an American academy of sleep medicine clinical practice guideline. J Clin Sleep Medicine: JCSM: Official Publication Am Acad Sleep Med. 2017;13(3):479\u2013504.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Medicine: JCSM : Official Publication Am Acad Sleep Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"4008_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.11.069","volume":"69","author":"S Javaheri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Javaheri S, Barbe F, Campos-Rodriguez F, Dempsey JA, Khayat R, Javaheri S, Malhotra A, Martinez-Garcia MA, Mehra R, Pack AI, et al. Sleep apnea: types, mechanisms, and clinical cardiovascular consequences. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(7):841\u201358.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"4008_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.11.137","volume":"228","author":"N Patel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Patel N, Donahue C, Shenoy A, Patel A, El-Sherif N. Obstructive sleep apnea and arrhythmia: a systemic review. Int J Cardiol. 2017;228:967\u201370.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4008_CR9","first-page":"142","volume":"10","author":"AS Almeneessier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Almeneessier AS, Alasousi N, Sharif MM, Pandi-Perumal SR, Hersi AS, BaHammam AS. Prevalence and predictors of Arrhythmia in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Sci (Sao Paulo Brazil). 2017;10(4):142\u20136.","journal-title":"Sleep Sci (Sao Paulo Brazil)"},{"issue":"8","key":"4008_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30198-5","volume":"7","author":"AV Benjafield","year":"2019","unstructured":"Benjafield AV, Ayas NT, Eastwood PR, Heinzer R, Ip MSM, Morrell MJ, Nunez CM, Patel SR, Penzel T, P\u00e9pin JL, et al. Estimation of the global prevalence and burden of obstructive sleep apnoea: a literature-based analysis. Lancet Respiratory Med. 2019;7(8):687\u201398.","journal-title":"Lancet Respiratory Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"4008_CR11","first-page":"1829","volume":"283","author":"FJ Nieto","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nieto FJ, Young TB, Lind BK, Shahar E, Samet JM, Redline S, D\u2019Agostino RB, Newman AB, Lebowitz MD, Pickering TG. Association of sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea, and hypertension in a large community-based study. Sleep Heart Health Study Jama. 2000;283(14):1829\u201336.","journal-title":"Sleep Heart Health Study Jama"},{"key":"4008_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083179","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1083179","volume":"14","author":"Q Luo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Luo Q, Li N, Zhu Q, Yao X, Wang M, Heizhati M, Cai X, Hu J, Abulimiti A, Yao L, et al. Non-dipping blood pressure pattern is associated with higher risk of new-onset diabetes in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea: UROSAH data. Front Endocrinol. 2023;14:1083179.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4008_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.14598","volume":"24","author":"D Lu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lu D, Xu S, Dai P, Wu L, Zhang H, Zhou B. Gut microbiota in hypertensive patients with versus without obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich Conn). 2022;24(12):1598\u2013605.","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich Conn)"},{"key":"4008_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu SD, Hao LL, Liu FF, Xu CZ. The effects of obstructive sleep apnea on blood pressure variability and load in patients with hypertension. Sleep Breath. 2024.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-024-03005-4"},{"issue":"6","key":"4008_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2016.11","volume":"39","author":"A Cai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cai A, Wang L, Zhou Y. Hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea. Hypertens Research: Official J Japanese Soc Hypertens. 2016;39(6):391\u20135.","journal-title":"Hypertens Research: Official J Japanese Soc Hypertens"},{"issue":"6","key":"4008_CR16","first-page":"889","volume":"16","author":"I Bouloukaki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bouloukaki I, Grote L, McNicholas WT, Hedner J, Verbraecken J, Parati G, Lombardi C, Basoglu OK, Pataka A, Marrone O, et al. Mild obstructive sleep apnea increases hypertension risk, challenging traditional severity classification. J Clin Sleep Medicine: JCSM: Official Publication Am Acad Sleep Med. 2020;16(6):889\u201398.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Medicine: JCSM : Official Publication Am Acad Sleep Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4008_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-022-01181-w","volume":"24","author":"J Brown","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brown J, Yazdi F, Jodari-Karimi M, Owen JG, Reisin E. Obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension: updates to a critical relationship. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2022;24(6):173\u201384.","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"4008_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13274","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13274","volume":"30","author":"S Ucak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ucak S, Dissanayake HU, Sutherland K, de Chazal P, Cistulli PA. Heart rate variability and obstructive sleep apnea: current perspectives and novel technologies. J Sleep Res. 2021;30(4):e13274.","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"4008_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642333","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.642333","volume":"12","author":"H Qin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qin H, Steenbergen N, Glos M, Wessel N, Kraemer JF, Vaquerizo-Villar F, Penzel T. The different facets of Heart Rate Variability in Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:642333.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"19","key":"4008_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005113421901","volume":"342","author":"PE Peppard","year":"2000","unstructured":"Peppard PE, Young T, Palta M, Skatrud J. Prospective study of the association between sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(19):1378\u201384.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"4008_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00043-0","volume":"3","author":"R Heinzer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Heinzer R, Vat S, Marques-Vidal P, Marti-Soler H, Andries D, Tobback N, Mooser V, Preisig M, Malhotra A, Waeber G, et al. Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in the general population: the HypnoLaus study. Lancet Respiratory Med. 2015;3(4):310\u20138.","journal-title":"Lancet Respiratory Med"},{"key":"4008_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608347","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.608347","volume":"11","author":"M Deng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Deng M, Huang YT, Xu JQ, Ke X, Dong YF, Cheng XS. Association between Intermittent Hypoxia and left ventricular remodeling in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Front Physiol. 2020;11:608347.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"4008_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen YL, Chen YC, Wang HT, Chang YT, Fang YN, Hsueh S, Liu WH, Lin PT, Hsu PY, Su MC et al. The impact of intermittent hypoxemia on left atrial remodeling in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Life (Basel). 2022;12(2):148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life12020148.","DOI":"10.3390\/life12020148"},{"key":"4008_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen YL, Chen YC, Chang YT, Wang HT, Liu WH, Chong SZ, Lin PT, Hsu PY, Su MC, Lin MC. GJA1 expression and left atrial remodeling in the incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Biomedicines. 2021;9(10):1463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines9101463.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9101463"},{"key":"4008_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2015.03.003","volume":"26","author":"D Linz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Linz D, Linz B, Hohl M, B\u00f6hm M. Atrial arrhythmogenesis in obstructive sleep apnea: therapeutic implications. Sleep Med Rev. 2016;26:87\u201394.","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"4008_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.058","volume":"138","author":"V Bazan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bazan V, Vicente I, Lozano L, Villuendas R, Gonz\u00e1lez M, Adeli\u00f1o R, Bisbal F, Sarrias A, Abad J, Sanz-Santos J, et al. Previously undetected obstructive sleep apnea in patients with New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2021;138:46\u201352.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"4008_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anter E, Di Biase L, Contreras-Valdes FM, Gianni C, Mohanty S, Tschabrunn CM, Viles-Gonzalez JF, Leshem E, Buxton AE, Kulbak G et al. Atrial substrate and triggers of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2017;10(11):e005407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCEP.117.005407.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.117.005407"},{"issue":"5","key":"4008_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.5.1043","volume":"93","author":"Heart rate variability","year":"1996","unstructured":"Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Circulation. 1996;93(5):1043\u201365.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"4008_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00557","volume":"7","author":"V Pichot","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pichot V, Roche F, Celle S, Barth\u00e9l\u00e9my JC, Chouchou F. HRVanalysis: a Free Software for analyzing Cardiac autonomic activity. Front Physiol. 2016;7:557.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4008_CR30","first-page":"236","volume":"19","author":"JA Dempsey","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dempsey JA, Smith CA, Harms CA, Chow C, Saupe KW. Sleep-induced breathing instability. University of Wisconsin-Madison Sleep and respiration Research Group. Sleep. 1996;19(3):236\u201347.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"4","key":"4008_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.91.4.1555","volume":"91","author":"A Xie","year":"2001","unstructured":"Xie A, Skatrud JB, Puleo DS, Morgan BJ. Exposure to hypoxia produces long-lasting sympathetic activation in humans. J Appl Physiol. 2001;91(4):1555\u201362.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4008_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00506.2003","volume":"96","author":"MJ Cutler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cutler MJ, Swift NM, Keller DM, Wasmund WL, Smith ML. Hypoxia-mediated prolonged elevation of sympathetic nerve activity after periods of intermittent hypoxic apnea. J Appl Physiol. 2004;96(2):754\u201361.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4008_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2023.02.004","volume":"82","author":"BF Palmer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Palmer BF, Clegg DJ. Respiratory acidosis and respiratory alkalosis: Core Curriculum 2023. Am J Kidney Diseases: Official J Natl Kidney Foundation. 2023;82(3):347\u201359.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Diseases: Official J Natl Kidney Foundation"},{"issue":"4","key":"4008_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI70420","volume":"124","author":"F Abboud","year":"2014","unstructured":"Abboud F, Kumar R. Obstructive sleep apnea and insight into mechanisms of sympathetic overactivity. J Clin Investig. 2014;124(4):1454\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"issue":"6","key":"4008_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1080\/15412555.2016.1199668","volume":"13","author":"L Taranto-Montemurro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Taranto-Montemurro L, Messineo L, Perger E, Salameh M, Pini L, Corda L, Ferliga M, Tantucci C. Cardiac sympathetic hyperactivity in patients with chronic obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Copd. 2016;13(6):706\u201311.","journal-title":"Copd"},{"issue":"4","key":"4008_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1165","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00787.2005","volume":"291","author":"F Jurysta","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jurysta F, Lanquart JP, van de Borne P, Migeotte PF, Dumont M, Degaute JP, Linkowski P. The link between cardiac autonomic activity and sleep delta power is altered in men with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2006;291(4):R1165\u201371.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"}],"container-title":["BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-024-04008-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12872-024-04008-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-024-04008-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]],"date-time":"2024-07-04T03:04:21Z","timestamp":1720062261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccardiovascdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12872-024-04008-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4008"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-024-04008-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. Informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"338"}}