{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T09:41:55Z","timestamp":1767174115096,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitamin D may play a role in cardiovascular health, particularly in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis. This study examines the correlation between serum vitamin D levels with Apolipoprotein B (Apo B), and the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and evaluates the impact of correcting severe vitamin D deficiency on Apo B levels and FRS among a group of Iraqi population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This two-phase study was conducted in Baghdad between November 2022 and October 2023 and included a cross-sectional phase examining the association between vitamin D, with Apo B, and the FRS, followed by a prospective phase assessing the impacts of vitamin D correction. A total of 201 participants were recruited, including 60 individuals with severe vitamin D deficiency (\u2264\u200910 ng\/ml) who received supplementation and 40 with sufficient vitamin D levels (\u2265\u200930 ng\/ml) serving as controls. Levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Apo B, and FRS were evaluated at baseline and after six months. The Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR) has retrospectively registered and approved the study under the identification number TCTR20250301003 on the 1st of March 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vitamin D levels correlated significantly with age (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), Apo B (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007), and FRS (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003) in the cross-sectional phase. After supplementation TC (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004) and FRS (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007) significantly decreased in the treatment group, with no significant changes in Apo B. Males only showed significant decrease in FRS and TC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitamin D correction significantly decreased TC and FRS reinforcing its role in lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health. However, Apo B levels remained unchanged, suggesting that vitamin D may not directly influence Apo B metabolism in the short term. These findings emphasize the importance of correcting severe vitamin D deficiency before calculating FRS due to its impact on lipid parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-025-04855-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T04:48:10Z","timestamp":1751518090000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The correlation between serum vitamin D with Apo B and framingham risk score among a group of Iraqi subjects: a Cross-sectional and prospective pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1905-4661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Israa Nather","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8123-126X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatimatuzzahra\u2019 Abd","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2946-1316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raid Dhia","family":"Hashim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4855_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.26719\/emhj.20.005","volume":"26","author":"KM Saeed","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saeed KM, Rasooly MH, Nejaby M. Profile of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in major cities of Afghanistan: WHO STEPwise approach. East Mediterr Health J. 2020;26(4):388\u201399.","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"issue":"6","key":"4855_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699579","volume":"117","author":"RB D\u2019Agostino Sr","year":"2008","unstructured":"D\u2019Agostino Sr RB, Vasan RS, Pencina MJ, Wolf PA, Cobain M, Massaro JM, et al. General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham heart study. Circulation. 2008;117(6):743\u201353.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"4855_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"De Ruijter W, Westendorp RG, Assendelft WJ, den Elzen WP, de Craen AJ, le Cessie S, Gussekloo J. Use of Framingham risk score and new biomarkers to predict cardiovascular mortality in older people: population based observational cohort study. BMJ. 2009;338:a308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.a308","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a308"},{"issue":"23","key":"4855_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2517","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002654","volume":"128","author":"E Kassi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kassi E, Adamopoulos C, Basdra EK, Papavassiliou AG. Role of vitamin D in atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2013;128(23):2517\u201331.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"4855_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2008.165","volume":"85","author":"J Schwartz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schwartz J. Effects of vitamin D supplementation in atorvastatin-treated patients: a new drug interaction with an unexpected consequence. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009;85(2):198\u2013203.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"4855_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03347410","volume":"30","author":"E Kamycheva","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kamycheva E, Jorde R, Figenschau Y, Haug E. Insulin sensitivity in subjects with secondary hyperparathyroidism and the effect of a low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level on insulin sensitivity. J Endocrinol Investig. 2007;30:126\u201332.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Investig"},{"issue":"5","key":"4855_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.27004","volume":"89","author":"A Zittermann","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zittermann A, Frisch S, Berthold HK, G\u00f6tting C, Kuhn J, Kleesiek K, et al. Vitamin D supplementation enhances the beneficial effects of weight loss on cardiovascular disease risk markers. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89(5):1321\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"4855_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.34172\/jcvtr.2021.21","volume":"13","author":"N Radkhah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Radkhah N, Shabbidar S, Zarezadeh M, Safaeiyan A, Barzegar A. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on Apolipoprotein A1 and B100 levels in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2021;13(3):190.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Thorac Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4855_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.7228","volume":"310","author":"C Robinson-Cohen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Robinson-Cohen C, Hoofnagle AN, Ix JH, Sachs MC, Tracy RP, Siscovick DS, et al. Racial differences in the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration with coronary heart disease events. JAMA. 2013;310(2):179\u201388.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"4855_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2019.105522","volume":"198","author":"JE Manson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Manson JE, Bassuk SS, Buring JE, Group VR. Principal results of the vitamin D and OmegA-3 trial (VITAL) and updated meta-analyses of relevant vitamin D trials. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2020;198:105522.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4855_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2017.0175","volume":"2","author":"R Scragg","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scragg R, Stewart AW, Waayer D, Lawes CM, Toop L, Sluyter J, et al. Effect of monthly high-dose vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular disease in the vitamin D assessment study: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2017;2(6):608\u201316.","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4855_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1809944","volume":"380","author":"JE Manson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Manson JE, Cook NR, Lee I-M, Christen W, Bassuk SS, Mora S, et al. Vitamin D supplements and prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(1):33\u201344.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4855_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hashim RD, Nathir I, Ghazy E, Al-Timimi I, Hameed TM, Hussein M et al. Role of plasma calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone in the prediction of vitamin D deficiency. 2023.","DOI":"10.5455\/jabet.2023.d135"},{"key":"4855_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malik MZ, Latiwesh OB, Nouh F, Hussain A, Kumar S, Kaler J. Response of parathyroid hormone to vitamin D deficiency in otherwise healthy individuals. Cureus. 2020;12(8):e9751.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.9764"},{"issue":"9596","key":"4855_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","volume":"370","author":"E Von Elm","year":"2007","unstructured":"Von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP. The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Lancet. 2007;370(9596):1453\u20137.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4855_CR16","unstructured":"QxMD. Framingham Risk Score (ATP-III). 2008 [cited 2025 May 9]. Available from: https:\/\/qxmd.com\/calculate\/calculator_253\/framingham-risk-score-atp-iii"},{"issue":"8","key":"4855_CR17","first-page":"841","volume":"80","author":"P Bordelon","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bordelon P, Ghetu MV, Langan R. Recognition and management of vitamin D deficiency. Am Family Phys. 2009;80(8):841\u20136.","journal-title":"Am Family Phys"},{"issue":"4","key":"4855_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.4103\/MJBL.MJBL_67_19","volume":"17","author":"SO Amen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amen SO, Baban ST, Yousif SH, Baban ZT, Hawez AH, Jalal DM. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with acute myocardial infarction: an Iraqi single-center study. Med J Babylon. 2020;17(4):358\u201362.","journal-title":"Med J Babylon"},{"key":"4855_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Tu\u2019ma FJ, Mohammedad ZM, Al-Sarraf HH. Role of vitamin D3 level and Apo-B\/Apo-A1 ratio in patients with unstable angina in Kerbala Province, Iraq. J Contemp Med Sci. 2017;3(10):245\u2013249.","DOI":"10.22317\/jcms.v3i10.170"},{"key":"4855_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-018-0461-5","volume":"13","author":"AM AlQuaiz","year":"2018","unstructured":"AlQuaiz AM, Kazi A, Fouda M, Alyousefi N. Age and gender differences in the prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency. Archives Osteoporos. 2018;13:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Archives Osteoporos"},{"issue":"1","key":"4855_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05775-x","volume":"12","author":"MA Abdulrahman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abdulrahman MA, Alkass SY, Mohammed NI. Total and free vitamin D status among apparently healthy adults living in Duhok Governorate. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):1778.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4855_CR22","first-page":"12","volume":"11","author":"SA Abdullah","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abdullah SA, Abdulrahman RM, Omer KA. Vitamin D level study within the population in Sulaymaniyah City-IRAQ. Mult Scler. 2018;11:12.","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"4855_CR23","unstructured":"Masoumpour S, Sadegh AA, Ranjbar OGH. Effects of age and renal function on vitamin D status in men. 2008. Arch Iranian Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"4855_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2013.02.004","volume":"42","author":"JC Gallagher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gallagher JC. Vitamin D and aging. Endocrinol Metabolism Clin. 2013;42(2):319\u201332.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metabolism Clin"},{"issue":"2","key":"4855_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2007.11.008","volume":"1780","author":"KR Wehmeier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wehmeier KR, Mazza A, Hachem S, Ligaray K, Mooradian AD, Wong NC, et al. Differential regulation of Apolipoprotein AI gene expression by vitamin D receptor modulators. Biochim Et Biophys Acta (BBA)-General Subj. 2008;1780(2):264\u201373.","journal-title":"Biochim Et Biophys Acta (BBA)-General Subj"},{"issue":"12","key":"4855_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuz037","volume":"77","author":"DT Dibaba","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dibaba DT. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profiles: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev. 2019;77(12):890\u2013902.","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"4855_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asemi Z, Hashemi T, Karamali M, Samimi M, Esmaillzadeh A. Retracted: effects of vitamin D supplementation on glucose metabolism, lipid concentrations, inflammation, and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. 2013.","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.072785"},{"issue":"4","key":"4855_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP1983","volume":"17","author":"CT Longenecker","year":"2012","unstructured":"Longenecker CT, Hileman CO, Carman TL, Ross AC, Seydafkan S, Brown TT, Labbato DE, Storer N, Tangpricha V, McComsey GA. Vitamin D supplementation and endothelial function in vitamin D deficient HIV-infected patients: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Antivir Ther. 2012;17(4):613\u201321.","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"4855_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-11-85","volume":"11","author":"NM Al-Daghri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Al-Daghri NM, Alkharfy KM, Al-Othman A, El-Kholie E, Moharram O, Alokail MS, Al-Saleh Y, Sabico S, Kumar S, Chrousos GP. Vitamin D supplementation as an adjuvant therapy for patients with T2DM: an 18-month prospective interventional study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2012;11:1\u20137.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4855_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2013.767659","volume":"32","author":"S Heravifard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Heravifard S, Neyestani TR, Nikooyeh B, Alavi-Majd H, Houshiarrad A, Kalayi A, et al. Regular consumption of both vitamin D\u2013and calcium-and vitamin D\u2013fortified yogurt drink is equally accompanied by Lowered blood lipoprotein (a) and elevated Apoprotein A1 in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial. J Am Coll Nutr. 2013;32(1):26\u201330.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"4855_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2018.03.079","volume":"12","author":"V Schwetz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schwetz V, Scharnagl H, Trummer C, Stojakovic T, Pandis M, Gr\u00fcbler MR, et al. Vitamin D supplementation and lipoprotein metabolism: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Lipidol. 2018;12(3):588\u201396. e4.","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4855_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.26070","volume":"22","author":"X Sun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sun X, Cao ZB, Tanisawa K, Ito T, Oshima S, Ishimi Y, Tabata I, Higuchi M. Associations between the serum 25 (OH) D concentration and lipid profiles in Japanese men. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2015;22(4):355\u201362.","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"issue":"3","key":"4855_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2018.03.079","volume":"12","author":"V Schwetz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schwetz V, Scharnagl H, Trummer C, Stojakovic T, Pandis M, Gr\u00fcbler MR, Verheyen N, Gaksch M, Zittermann A, Aberer F, Lerchbaum E. Vitamin D supplementation and lipoprotein metabolism: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Lipidol. 2018;12(3):588\u201396.","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"14","key":"4855_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.03.069","volume":"58","author":"B Kestenbaum","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kestenbaum B, Katz R, de Boer I, Hoofnagle A, Sarnak MJ, Shlipak MG, et al. Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and cardiovascular events among older adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(14):1433\u201341.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"4855_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae290","volume":"109","author":"MB Demay","year":"2024","unstructured":"Demay MB, Pittas AG, Bikle DD, Diab DL, Kiely ME, Lazaretti-Castro M, et al. Vitamin D for the prevention of disease: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism. 2024;109(8):1907\u201347.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism"},{"issue":"9","key":"4855_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2010.2599","volume":"20","author":"D Truesdell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Truesdell D, Shin H, Liu PY, Ilich JZ. Vitamin D status and Framingham risk score in overweight postmenopausal women. J Women\u2019s Health. 2011;20(9):1341\u20138.","journal-title":"J Women\u2019s Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"4855_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1080\/13685538.2018.1499080","volume":"22","author":"R Sivritepe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sivritepe R, Basat S, Ortaboz D. Association of vitamin D status and the risk of cardiovascular disease as assessed by various cardiovascular risk scoring systems in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aging Male. 2019;22(2):156\u201362.","journal-title":"Aging Male"},{"issue":"2","key":"4855_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.35371\/kjoem.2012.24.2.115","volume":"24","author":"SH Park","year":"2012","unstructured":"Park SH, Kim YW, Chae CH, Son JS, Kim CW, Kim JY, Kim JH. The relationship of serum vitamin D levels and the Framingham risk score among male workers in the manufacturing sector. Korean J Occup Environ Med. 2012;24(2):115\u201323.","journal-title":"Korean J Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4855_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030551","volume":"15","author":"S Sabico","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sabico S, Wani K, Grant WB, Al-Daghri NM. Improved HDL cholesterol through vitamin D status correction substantially lowers 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score in vitamin D-deficient Arab adults. Nutrients. 2023;15(3):551.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"4855_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2015.56.3.845","volume":"56","author":"SJ Choi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Choi SJ, Yeum KJ, Park SJ, Choi B, Joo NS. Dietary calcium and Framingham risk score in vitamin D deficient male (KNHANES 2009\u20132011). Yonsei Med J. 2015;56(3):845\u201352.","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"4855_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/MCA.0000000000000564","volume":"29","author":"L Askin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Askin L, Cetin M, Turkmen S. Absence of a correlation between the ABO blood group and thrombus burden in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Coron Artery Dis. 2018;29(2):145\u201350.","journal-title":"Coron Artery Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"4855_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.59324\/ejmhr.2025.3(2).19","volume":"3","author":"Z Abbas","year":"2025","unstructured":"Abbas Z, Abbas SJ, Azzawi MG, Yaseen HA, Ali BT. Prevalence of serum vitamin D levels in the Iraqi population: A Cross-Sectional study. Eur J Med Health Res. 2025;3(2):186\u201391.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Health Res"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-025-05117-5","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000}}],"container-title":["BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-025-04855-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12872-025-04855-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-025-04855-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,7]],"date-time":"2025-09-07T00:40:53Z","timestamp":1757205653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccardiovascdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12872-025-04855-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4855"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-025-04855-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 August 2025","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The original online version of this article was revised: the author name Fatimatuzzahra\u2019 Abd Aziz is incorerct and the last two authors affiliations are interchanged. It has been updated.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 August 2025","order":7,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":8,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":9,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-025-05117-5","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-025-05117-5","order":10,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM\/JEPeM\/22060348) and the Al-Rasheed Research Ethics Committee, Iraq (RUCPD30122202 and RUCPD30122204). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrollment. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all participants for the publication of data and findings from this study. Confidentiality was maintained, since no names or identifying characteristics were mentioned throughout the data analysis, reporting of results, and the discussion.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for participation"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The study has been successfully retrospectively registered and approved by the Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR) under the identification number TCTR20250301003 on the 1st of March 2025. This registration affirms the study\u2019s adherence to ethical and methodological standards in clinical research.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}}],"article-number":"445"}}