{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T03:16:31Z","timestamp":1767150991285,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Basic Research Program (Natural Science Foundation) of Shenzhen, China","award":["JCYJ20240813151800002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20240813151800002"]}]},{"name":"The Basic Research Program (Natural Science Foundation) of Shenzhen, China","award":["JCYJ20240813151800002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20240813151800002"]}]},{"name":"The Basic Research Program (Natural Science Foundation) of Shenzhen, China","award":["JCYJ20240813151800002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20240813151800002"]}]},{"name":"The Basic Research Program (Natural Science Foundation) of Shenzhen, China","award":["JCYJ20240813151800002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20240813151800002"]}]},{"name":"The Basic Research Program (Natural Science Foundation) of Shenzhen, China","award":["JCYJ20240813151800002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20240813151800002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-025-05361-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T14:23:19Z","timestamp":1767104599000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["High-power short-duration ablation of the superior vena cava: safety and efficacy using the right superior pulmonary vein roof as a landmark"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Jianlong","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hualong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongpeng","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"5361_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin WS, Tai CT, Hsieh MH, Tsai CF, Lin YK, Tsao HM, et al. Catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation initiated by Non\u2013Pulmonary vein ectopy. Circulation. 2003;107(25):3176\u201383.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000074206.52056.2D"},{"key":"5361_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hayashi K, An Y, Nagashima M, Hiroshima K, Ohe M, Makihara Y, et al. Importance of nonpulmonary vein foci in catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2015;12(9):1918\u201324.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2015.05.003"},{"key":"5361_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsai CF, Tai CT, Hsieh MH, Lin WS, Yu WC, Ueng KC, et al. Initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating from the superior Vena cava: electrophysiological characteristics and results of radiofrequency ablation. Circulation. 2000;4(1):67\u201374.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.1.67"},{"issue":"12","key":"5361_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2007.00953.x","volume":"18","author":"M Arruda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Arruda M, Mlcochova H, Prasad SK, Kilicaslan F, Saliba W, Patel D, et al. Electrical isolation of the superior Vena cava: an adjunctive strategy to pulmonary vein antrum isolation improving the outcome of AF ablation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2007;18(12):1261\u20136.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"5361_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang H, Lo L, Lin Y, Chang S, Hu Y, Feng A, et al. Long-Term outcome of catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation originating from the superior Vena Cava. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2012;23(9):955\u201361.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2012.02337.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"5361_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2010.02903.x","volume":"34","author":"G Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen G, Dong JZ, Liu XP, Zhang XY, Long DY, Sang CH, et al. Sinus node injury as a result of superior Vena cava isolation during catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2011;34(2):163\u201370.","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"5361_CR7","unstructured":"Long DY, Ma CS, Jiang H, Dong JZ, Liu XP, Huang H, et al. Sinus node, phrenic nerve and electrical connections between superior vena cava and right atrium: lessons learned from a prospective study. Chin Med J (Engl). 2009;122(6):675\u201380."},{"key":"5361_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen X, Lu Y, Liu Y, Chen Q, Chen H, Ju W, et al. Three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping characteristics of superior Vena Cava myocardial sleeve and sinoatrial node in patients with atrial fibrillation. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9:902828.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.902828"},{"key":"5361_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2014.09.011","author":"S Miyazaki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Miyazaki S, Usui E, Kusa S, Taniguchi H, Ichihara N, Takagi T, et al. Prevalence and clinical outcome of phrenic nerve injury during superior vena cava isolation and circumferential pulmonary vein antrum isolation using radiofrequency energy. Am Heart J. 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2014.09.011.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"5361_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-022-01449-w","author":"H Yamaji","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yamaji H. Optimal prevention method of phrenic nerve injury in superior vena cava isolation: efficacy of high-power, short-duration radiofrequency energy application on the risk points. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10840-022-01449-w.","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"5361_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steven D, Roberts-Thomson KC, Seiler J, Michaud GF, John RM, Stevenson WG. Fibrillation in the Superior Vena Cava Mimicking Atrial Tachycardia. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2009 Apr;2(2). Available from: https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCEP.108.833400.\u00a0[cited 2024 June 10].","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.108.833400"},{"issue":"3","key":"5361_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13799","volume":"30","author":"E Okajima","year":"2019","unstructured":"Okajima E, Yamashita S, Yoshimura M, Yamane T. Atrial tachycardia with fibrillatory activity in the superior vena cava. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2019;30(3):446\u20137.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5361_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.09.035","volume":"15","author":"S Yamashita","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yamashita S, Tokuda M, Isogai R, Tokutake K, Yokoyama K, Narui R, et al. Spiral activation of the superior Vena cava: the utility of ultra-high-resolution mapping for caval isolation. Heart Rhythm. 2018;15(2):193\u2013200.","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"11","key":"5361_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2006.09.006","volume":"3","author":"S Higa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Higa S, Tai CT, Chen SA. Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation originating from extrapulmonary vein areas: Taipei approach. Heart Rhythm. 2006;3(11):1386\u201390.","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"2","key":"5361_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-006-9052-2","volume":"17","author":"B Hall","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hall B, Jeevanantham V, Simon R, Filippone J, Vorobiof G, Daubert J. Variation in left atrial transmural wall thickness at sites commonly targeted for ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2007;17(2):127\u201332.","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5361_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000137117.87589.88","volume":"110","author":"I Kholov\u00e1","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kholov\u00e1 I, Kautzner J. Morphology of atrial myocardial extensions into human caval veins: a postmortem study in patients with and without atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2004;110(5):483\u20138.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"11","key":"5361_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1999.tb00211.x","volume":"10","author":"S Yen Ho","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yen Ho S, Sanchez-Quintana D, Cabrera JA, Anderson RH. Anatomy of the left atrium: implications for radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 1999;10(11):1525\u201333.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5361_CR18","first-page":"467","volume":"4","author":"E Leshem","year":"2018","unstructured":"Leshem E, Zilberman I, Tschabrunn CM, Barkagan M, Contreras-Valdes FM, Govari A, et al. High-power and short-duration ablation for pulmonary vein isolation. JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology. 2018;4(4):467\u201379.","journal-title":"JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"5361_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2009.01577.x","volume":"21","author":"A Corrado","year":"2010","unstructured":"Corrado A, Bonso A, Madalosso M, Rossillo A, Themistoclakis S, Di Biase L, et al. Impact of systematic isolation of superior vena cava in addition to pulmonary vein antrum isolation on the outcome of paroxysmal, persistent, and permanent atrial fibrillation ablation: results from a randomized study. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2010;21(1):1\u20135.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"5361_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhaskaran A, Chik W, Pouliopoulos J, Nalliah C, Qian P, Barry T et al. Five seconds of 50\u201360\u00a0W radio frequency atrial ablations were transmural and safe: an in vitro mechanistic assessment and force-controlled in vivo validation. Europace. 2017;19(5):874\u201380.","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euw077"},{"issue":"7","key":"5361_CR21","first-page":"902","volume":"4","author":"RT Borne","year":"2018","unstructured":"Borne RT, Sauer WH, Zipse MM, Zheng L, Tzou W, Nguyen DT. Longer duration versus increasing power during radiofrequency ablation yields different ablation lesion characteristics. JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology. 2018;4(7):902\u20138.","journal-title":"JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"5361_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15060","volume":"32","author":"S Kusa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kusa S, Hachiya H, Sato Y, Hara S, Ohya H, Miwa N, et al. Superior vena cava isolation with 50 W high power, short duration ablation strategy. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2021;32(6):1602\u20139.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"5361_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gianni C, Sanchez JE, Mohanty S, Trivedi C, Della Rocca DG, Al-Ahmad A et al. Isolation of the superior vena cava from the right atrial posterior wall: a novel ablation approach. Eur Eur Pacing Arrhythm Card Electrophysiol J Work Groups Card Pacing Arrhythm Card Cell Electrophysiol Eur Soc Cardiol. 2018;20(9):e124\u201332.","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eux262"},{"key":"5361_CR24","first-page":"X24010004","volume":"S2405500","author":"N Pierucci","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pierucci N, La Fazia VM, Mohanty S, Schiavone M, Doty B, Gabrah K, et al. Results of ICE-Guided isolation of the superior Vena Cava with pulsed field ablation. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2025;S2405500:X24010004.","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"}],"container-title":["BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-025-05361-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12872-025-05361-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-025-05361-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T03:03:30Z","timestamp":1767150210000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12872-025-05361-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5361"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-025-05361-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2261"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1471-2261"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Biomedical Research and Clinical Trial Subcommittee of Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\u00b7Shenzhen (Approval Number: SP2025009(01)). The study adhered to the ethical principles outlined in the 2013 revision of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"904"}}