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The groups were compared by calculating and comparing the area under curve (AUC) of a CK-MB test within 72\u00a0h of incidence, the severity of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) within 24\u00a0h after reperfusion, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) via echocardiography seven days after reperfusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared with the control group, the combined group demonstrated significantly decreased areas under the curve (AUCs). Specifically, the incidence of VAs within 24 h after reperfusion and BNP levels seven days post-reperfusion were significantly reduced, while the LVEF values at seven days exhibited a significant improvement (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).In contrast, when compared with the control group, the group receiving only TVNS showed a reduction in the incidence of VAs within 24 h after reperfusion. Although the AUC test presented a decreasing trend, the difference was not statistically significant. Additionally, BNP levels and LVEF values in this group did not show significant improvements (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When administered alone, TVNS treatment significantly reduced the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) after reperfusion. However, in the acute phase post-reperfusion, there was no significant difference in myocardial infarct size or left ventricular systolic function, despite a tendency towards improvement. In contrast, the combination of TVNS and RIC treatment led to improvements in left ventricular systolic function, reductions in myocardial infarct size, and decreases in the incidence of VAs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-026-05522-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T11:33:20Z","timestamp":1768476800000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Remote ischemic conditioning combined with transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation reduces reperfusion injuries and improves cardiac function in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Ling","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-chuan","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin-yin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-tao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-li","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"5522_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s12471-018-1134-0","volume":"26","author":"F Arslan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arslan F, et al. 2017 ESC guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: comments from the Dutch ACS working group. 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The study has a scientific basis, strict design, and sufficient preparation to ensure the acquisition of scientifically valuable results. This research did not increase patients' risk and financial burden; the patients\u2019 rights were fully protected. The institutional review board of the Quan Zhou First Hospital approved this project (2019-155). All participants in this study have provided informed written consent prior to enrollment. The registration number for the clinical trial is ChiCTR2100050204. The first trial registration date was 22\/08\/2021.\n                      \n                      .","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All participants in this study have provided their consent to publish their data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"137"}}