{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T23:46:46Z","timestamp":1776728806145,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":40,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202340100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202340100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jiading District Central Hospital Clinical Research Support Program","award":["2025LY14 and 2025LY18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025LY14 and 2025LY18"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-026-05697-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T13:47:04Z","timestamp":1773323224000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of in-hospital ACEI use on long-term prognosis in discharged type 2 myocardial infarction patients: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Jing-yin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia-ni","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-ye","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun-yue","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wu-lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-ya","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue-feng","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"5697_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e055755","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-055755","volume":"12","author":"K White","year":"2022","unstructured":"White K, Kinarivala M, Scott I. Diagnostic features, management and prognosis of type 2 myocardial infarction compared to type 1 myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2022;12(2):e055755.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"5697_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2022.0043","volume":"7","author":"T Coscia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Coscia T, Nestelberger T, Boeddinghaus J, Lopez-Ayala P, Koechlin L, Mir\u00f3 \u00d2, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of type 2 myocardial infarction. JAMA Cardiol. 2022;7(4):427\u201334.","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"issue":"18","key":"5697_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.08.1038","volume":"72","author":"K Thygesen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Chaitman BR, Bax JJ, Morrow DA, et al. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(18):2231\u201364.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"33","key":"5697_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz299","volume":"40","author":"HD White","year":"2019","unstructured":"White HD, Steg PG, Szarek M, Bhatt DL, Bittner VA, Diaz R, et al. Effects of alirocumab on types of myocardial infarction: insights from the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(33):2801\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"5697_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2018.09.016","volume":"208","author":"K Lambrakis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lambrakis K, French JK, Scott IA, Briffa T, Brieger D, Farkouh ME, et al. The appropriateness of coronary investigation in myocardial injury and type 2 myocardial infarction (ACT-2): a randomized trial design. Am Heart J. 2019;208:11\u201320.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"1","key":"5697_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02328-6","volume":"23","author":"D Fitchett","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fitchett D, Zinman B, Inzucchi SE, Wanner C, Anker SD, Pocock S, et al. Effect of empagliflozin on total myocardial infarction events by type and additional coronary outcomes: insights from the randomized EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024;23(1):248.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5697_CR7","first-page":"279","volume":"10","author":"KA Krychtiuk","year":"2024","unstructured":"Krychtiuk KA, Marquis-Gravel G, Murphy S, Alexander KP, Chiswell K, Green JB, et al. Effects of albiglutide on myocardial infarction and ischaemic heart disease outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in the harmony outcomes trial. Eur Heart J. 2024;10(4):279\u201388.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"5697_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2017.10.007","volume":"196","author":"PO Guimar\u00e3es","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guimar\u00e3es PO, Leonardi S, Huang Z, Wallentin L, de Werf FV, Aylward PE, et al. Clinical features and outcomes of patients with type 2 myocardial infarction: insights from the Thrombin Receptor Antagonist for Clinical Event Reduction in Acute Coronary Syndrome (TRACER) trial. Am Heart J. 2018;196:28\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2017.10.007.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"5697_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2014.10.056","volume":"128","author":"AS Shah","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shah AS, McAllister DA, Mills R, Lee KK, Churchhouse AM, Fleming KM, et al. Sensitive troponin assay and the classification of myocardial infarction. Am J Med. 2015;128(5):493-501.e3.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"5697_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arora S, Strassle PD, Qamar A, Wheeler EN, Levine AL, Misenheimer JA, et al. Impact of type 2 Myocardial Infarction (MI) on hospital-level MI outcomes: implications for quality and public reporting. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(7):e008661.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.008661"},{"issue":"12","key":"5697_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.05.049","volume":"130","author":"Y Sandoval","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sandoval Y, Smith SW, Sexter A, Thordsen SE, Bruen CA, Carlson MD, et al. Type 1 and 2 myocardial infarction and myocardial injury: clinical transition to high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I. Am J Med. 2017;130(12):1431-9.e4.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"5697_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.12.052","volume":"75","author":"A Singh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Singh A, Gupta A, DeFilippis EM, Qamar A, Biery DW, Almarzooq Z, et al. Cardiovascular mortality after type 1 and type 2 myocardial infarction in young adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(9):1003\u201313.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"18","key":"5697_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2021-319118","volume":"107","author":"DM Kimenai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kimenai DM, Lindahl B, Chapman AR, Baron T, Gard A, Wereski R, et al. Sex differences in investigations and outcomes among patients with type 2 myocardial infarction. Heart. 2021;107(18):1480\u20136.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"5697_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2022.100972","volume":"39","author":"KM Eggers","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eggers KM, Baron T, Gard A, Lindahl B. Clinical and prognostic implications of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T concentrations in type 2 non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. IJC Heart Vasc. 2022;39:100972.","journal-title":"IJC Heart Vasc"},{"issue":"1","key":"5697_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.03.055","volume":"114","author":"M Hara","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hara M, Sakata Y, Nakatani D, Suna S, Usami M, Matsumoto S, et al. Comparison of 5-year survival after acute myocardial infarction using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor versus angiotensin II receptor blocker. Am J Cardiol. 2014;114(1):1\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"13","key":"5697_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.07.783","volume":"70","author":"MJ Korhonen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Korhonen MJ, Robinson JG, Annis IE, Hickson RP, Bell JS, Hartikainen J, et al. Adherence tradeoff to multiple preventive therapies and all-cause mortality after acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(13):1543\u201354.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5697_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.5603\/CJ.a2020.0130","volume":"28","author":"JH Ahn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahn JH, Hyun JY, Jeong MH, Kim JH, Hong YJ, Sim DS, et al. Comparative effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor versus angiotensin ii type i receptor blocker in acute myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries; from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry - National Institute of Health. Cardiol J. 2021;28(5):738\u201345.","journal-title":"Cardiol J"},{"issue":"10","key":"5697_CR18","first-page":"e47954","volume":"15","author":"J Escobar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Escobar J, Rawat A, Maradiaga F, Isaak AK, Zainab S, Arusi Dari M, et al. Comparison of outcomes between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in patients with myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis. Cureus. 2023;15(10):e47954.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"5","key":"5697_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2471","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-023-02485-2","volume":"40","author":"R \u0160erpytis","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u0160erpytis R, Lizaitis M, Majauskien\u0117 E, Navickas P, Glaveckait\u0117 S, Petrulionien\u0117 \u017d, et al. Type 2 myocardial infarction and long-term mortality risk factors: a retrospective cohort study. Adv Ther. 2023;40(5):2471\u201380.","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"5697_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01899-x","volume":"10","author":"AEW Johnson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Johnson AEW, Bulgarelli L, Shen L, Gayles A, Shammout A, Horng S, et al. MIMIC-IV, a freely accessible electronic health record dataset. Sci Data. 2023;10(1):1.","journal-title":"Sci Data"},{"issue":"23","key":"5697_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E215","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.23.e215","volume":"101","author":"AL Goldberger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Goldberger AL, Amaral LA, Glass L, Hausdorff JM, Ivanov PC, Mark RG, et al. PhysioBank, PhysioToolkit, and PhysioNet: components of a new research resource for complex physiologic signals. Circulation. 2000;101(23):E215\u201320.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"5697_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.10.011","volume":"61","author":"G Savarese","year":"2013","unstructured":"Savarese G, Costanzo P, Cleland JG, Vassallo E, Ruggiero D, Rosano G, et al. A meta-analysis reporting effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in patients without heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(2):131\u201342.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 11","key":"5697_CR23","first-page":"S129","volume":"10","author":"A Jalowy","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jalowy A, Schulz R, Heusch G. AT1 receptor blockade in experimental myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999;10(Suppl 11):S129\u201336.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5697_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-010-0093-4","volume":"105","author":"S Oyamada","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oyamada S, Bianchi C, Takai S, Robich MP, Clements RT, Chu L, et al. Impact of acute myocardial ischemia reperfusion on the tissue and blood-borne renin-angiotensin system. Basic Res Cardiol. 2010;105(4):513\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00395-010-0093-4.","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"5697_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-015-2350-1","volume":"403","author":"M Matus","year":"2015","unstructured":"Matus M, Kucerova D, Kruzliak P, Adameova A, Doka G, Turcekova K, et al. Upregulation of SERCA2a following short-term ACE inhibition (by enalaprilat) alters contractile performance and arrhythmogenicity of healthy myocardium in rat. Mol Cell Biochem. 2015;403(1\u20132):199\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11010-015-2350-1.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"2","key":"5697_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2011.03.2263","volume":"123","author":"W Dai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dai W, Kloner RA. Potential role of renin-angiotensin system blockade for preventing myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury and remodeling after myocardial infarction. Postgrad Med. 2011;123(2):49\u201355.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"5697_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1080\/08037050600586593","volume":"15","author":"S Sandmann","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sandmann S, Li J, Fritzenk\u00f6tter C, Spormann J, Tiede K, Fischer JW, et al. Differential effects of olmesartan and ramipril on inflammatory response after myocardial infarction in rats. Blood Press. 2006;15(2):116\u201328.","journal-title":"Blood Press"},{"issue":"25","key":"5697_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.10.017","volume":"68","author":"N Pavo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pavo N, Wurm R, Goliasch G, et al. Renin-angiotensin system fingerprints of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(25):2912\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.10.017.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"5697_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.12.034","volume":"77","author":"CP McCarthy","year":"2021","unstructured":"McCarthy CP, Kolte D, Kennedy KF, Vaduganathan M, Wasfy JH, Januzzi JL Jr. Patient characteristics and clinical outcomes of type 1 versus type 2 myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;77(7):848\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.12.034.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5697_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-200306000-00017","volume":"41","author":"X Chen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chen X, Minatoguchi S, Wang N, Arai M, Lu C, Uno Y, et al. Quinaprilat reduces myocardial infarct size involving nitric oxide production and mitochondrial KATP channel in rabbits. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2003;41(6):938\u201345.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"5697_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.11.043","volume":"131","author":"S Lambrecht","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lambrecht S, Sarkisian L, Saaby L, Poulsen TS, Gerke O, Hosbond S, et al. Different causes of death in patients with myocardial infarction type 1, type 2, and myocardial injury. Am J Med. 2018;131:548\u201354.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"5697_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2021.08.060","volume":"161","author":"A Maraey","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maraey A, Elzanaty AM, Salem M, Khalil M, Elsharnoby H, Younes A, et al. Relation of type 2 myocardial infarction and readmission with type 1 myocardial infarction in hypertensive crises (from a Nationwide Analysis). Am J Cardiol. 2021;161:56\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2021.08.060.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5697_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(96)00533-5","volume":"29","author":"M Landolina","year":"1997","unstructured":"Landolina M, Mantica M, Pessano P, Manfredini R, Foresti A, Schwartz PJ, et al. Impaired baroreflex sensitivity is correlated with hemodynamic deterioration of sustained ventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;29(3):568\u201375.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5697_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2022.63.4.342","volume":"63","author":"CJ Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee CJ, Choi B, Pak H, Park JM, Lee JH, Lee SH. Genetic variants associated with adverse events after Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor use: replication after GWAS-based discovery. Yonsei Med J. 2022;63(4):342\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3349\/ymj.2022.63.4.342.","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"5697_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2051","volume":"38","author":"G Fang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fang G, Annis IE, Farley JF, Mahendraratnam N, Hickson RP, St\u00fcrmer T, et al. Incidence of and risk factors for severe adverse events in elderly patients taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers after an acute myocardial infarction. Pharmacotherapy. 2018;38(1):29\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/phar.2051.","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"5697_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-019-01369-2","volume":"32","author":"F Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang F, Wu X, Hu SY, Wu YW, Ding Y, Ye LZ, et al. Type 2 myocardial infarction among critically ill elderly patients in the Intensive Care Unit: the clinical features and in-hospital prognosis. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2020;32(9):1801\u20137.","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"5697_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2023.04.299","volume":"32","author":"S Rocheleau","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rocheleau S, Eng-Frost J, Lambrakis K, Khan E, Chiang B, Wattchow N, et al. Twelve-month outcomes of patients with myocardial injury not due to type-1 myocardial infarction. Heart Lung Circ. 2023;32(8):978\u201385.","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"issue":"1","key":"5697_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02503-9","volume":"23","author":"X Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu X, Xie Z, Zhang Y, Huang J, Kuang L, Li X, et al. Machine learning for predicting in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with heart failure combined with hypertension: a multicenter retrospective study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024;23(1):407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-024-02503-9.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"}],"container-title":["BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12872-026-05697-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-026-05697-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-026-05697-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T23:20:17Z","timestamp":1776727217000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12872-026-05697-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5697"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-026-05697-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study protocol was in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Jiading District Central Hospital (2025\u201334), an affiliated teaching hospital of Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences. In accordance with national laws and institutional requirements, written informed consent was not required of the participants because of the nature of the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"338"}}