{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:38:04Z","timestamp":1792787884587,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":39,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Suqian City Science and Technology Project","award":["(No. S202116)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(No. S202116)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-026-05709-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T05:44:35Z","timestamp":1773294275000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prognostic value of serum gasdermin d in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with unstable angina: a prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Lijie","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhonghua","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"5709_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-023-00884-0","volume":"20","author":"A Timmis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Timmis A, Kazakiewicz D, Townsend N, Huculeci R, Aboyans V, Vardas P. Global epidemiology of acute coronary syndromes. Nat Rev Cardiol Nov. 2023;20(11):778\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41569-023-00884-0.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol Nov"},{"issue":"10","key":"5709_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-20-1207","volume":"24","author":"S Ogata","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ogata S, Marume K, Nakai M, Kaichi R, Ishii M, Ikebe S, Mori T, Komaki S, Kusaka H, Toida R, Kurogi K, Iwanaga Y, Yano T, Yamamoto N, Miyamoto Y. Incidence Rate of Acute Coronary Syndrome Including Acute Myocardial Infarction, Unstable Angina, and Sudden Cardiac Death in Nobeoka City for the Super-Aged Society of Japan. Circ J Sep. 2021;24(10):1722\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1253\/circj.CJ-20-1207.","journal-title":"Circ J Sep"},{"issue":"4","key":"5709_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2022.06.008","volume":"40","author":"J Atwood","year":"2022","unstructured":"Atwood J. Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome. Emerg Med Clin North Am Nov. 2022;40(4):693\u2013706. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.emc.2022.06.008.","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin North Am Nov"},{"key":"5709_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2022.11.009","volume":"257","author":"M Koivunen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Koivunen M, Tynkkynen J, Oksala N, Eskola M, Hernesniemi J. Incidence of sudden cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death after unstable angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. Am Heart J Mar. 2023;257:9\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2022.11.009.","journal-title":"Am Heart J Mar"},{"key":"5709_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101099","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2022.101099","volume":"42","author":"K Fladseth","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fladseth K, Wilsgaard T, Lindekleiv H, Kristensen A, Mannsverk J, L\u00f8chen ML, Nj\u00f8lstad I, Mathiesen EB, Trovik T, Rotevatn S, Forsdahl S, Schirmer H. Outcomes after coronary angiography for unstable angina compared to stable angina, myocardial infarction and an asymptomatic general population. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc Oct. 2022;42:101099. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcha.2022.101099.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc Oct"},{"key":"5709_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Elgebaly SA, Christenson RH, Kandil H, El-Khazragy N, Rashed L, Yacoub B, Eldeeb H, Ali M, Sharafieh R, Klueh U, Kreutzer DL. Nourin-Dependent miR-137 and miR-106b: Novel Early Inflammatory Diagnostic Biomarkers for Unstable Angina Patients. Biomolecules Feb. 2021;28(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom11030368.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11030368"},{"issue":"5","key":"5709_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt-22-575","volume":"31","author":"Y Qu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qu Y, Huang X, Zhang W, He X, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Gu N. Differentially expressed miR-127, miR-150, and miR-145 in serum extracellular vesicles are novel diagnostic biomarkers of unstable angina. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther Oct. 2023;31(5):866\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/cdt-22-575.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther Oct"},{"key":"5709_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2020.126703","volume":"64","author":"HA Qazmooz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qazmooz HA, Smesam HN, Mousa RF, Al-Hakeim HK, Maes M. Trace element, immune and opioid biomarkers of unstable angina, increased atherogenicity and insulin resistance: Results of machine learning. J Trace Elem Med Biol Mar. 2021;64:126703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2020.126703.","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol Mar"},{"issue":"9","key":"5709_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-022-00905-x","volume":"19","author":"X Wei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wei X, Xie F, Zhou X, Wu Y, Yan H, Liu T, Huang J, Wang F, Zhou F, Zhang L. Role of pyroptosis in inflammation and cancer. Cell Mol Immunol Sep. 2022;19(9):971\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41423-022-00905-x.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol Sep"},{"issue":"1","key":"5709_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.08.007","volume":"13","author":"P Yanpiset","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yanpiset P, Maneechote C, Sriwichaiin S, Siri-Angkul N, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury: Cumulative evidence for future cardioprotective strategies. Acta Pharm Sin B Jan. 2023;13(1):29\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.08.007.","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B Jan"},{"key":"5709_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jiang K, Tu Z, Chen K, Xu Y, Chen F, Xu S, Shi T, Qian J, Shen L, Hwa J, Wang D, Xiang Y. Gasdermin D inhibition confers antineutrophil-mediated cardioprotection in acute myocardial infarction. J Clin Invest Jan. 2022;4(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci151268.","DOI":"10.1172\/jci151268"},{"issue":"4","key":"5709_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.labinv.2024.100337","volume":"104","author":"B Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang B, Zou Z, Li Y, Chen H, Lai K, Yuan Y, Xu Y. Gasdermin D-Mediated Pyroptosis Promotes the Development of Atherosclerosis. Lab Invest Apr. 2024;104(4):100337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.labinv.2024.100337.","journal-title":"Lab Invest Apr"},{"issue":"23","key":"5709_CR13","first-page":"e663","volume":"127","author":"M Writing Committee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Writing Committee M, Anderson JL, Adams CD, Antman EM, Bridges CR, Califf RM, Casey DE Jr, Chavey WE, Fesmire FM, Hochman JS. 2012 ACCF\/AHA focused update incorporated into the ACCF\/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina\/non\u2013ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;127(23):e663\u2013828.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"5709_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.97.12.1195","volume":"31","author":"P Th\u00e9roux","year":"1998","unstructured":"Th\u00e9roux P, Fuster V. Acute coronary syndromes: unstable angina and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction. Circulation Mar. 1998;31(12):1195\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.97.12.1195.","journal-title":"Circulation Mar"},{"key":"5709_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2023.101209","volume":"46","author":"M Herrero-Brocal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Herrero-Brocal M, Mar\u00edn F, Valverde L, Garc\u00eda-Barrios AM, Fuertes L, Cambra C, Torres-Mezcua F, Hortelano I, Villamia B, Esteve-Pastor MA, Orenes-Pi\u00f1ero E, Mart\u00ednez JGM, Rivera-Caravaca JM, Ruiz-Nodar JM. High medium-term incidence of major cardiovascular events in discharged patients with unstable angina. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc Jun. 2023;46:101209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcha.2023.101209.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc Jun"},{"issue":"8","key":"5709_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1080\/00015385.2021.1963564","volume":"77","author":"S Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li S, Chen H, Zhou L, Cui H, Liang S, Li H. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts coronary artery lesion severity and long-term cardiovascular mortality in patients with unstable angina pectoris. Acta Cardiol Oct. 2022;77(8):708\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00015385.2021.1963564.","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol Oct"},{"issue":"4","key":"5709_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1080\/00365513.2022.2084698","volume":"82","author":"S Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li S, Chen H, Zhou L, Cui H, Liang S, Li H. The uric acid to albumin ratio: a novel predictor of long-term cardiac mortality in patients with unstable angina pectoris after percutaneous coronary intervention. Scand J Clin Lab Invest Jul. 2022;82(4):304\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00365513.2022.2084698.","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest Jul"},{"issue":"1","key":"5709_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.18502\/jthc.v16i1.6595","volume":"16","author":"F Raygan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Raygan F, Etminan A, Mohammadi H, Akbari H, Nikoueinejad H. Serum Levels of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 as an Inflammatory Marker in Patients with Unstable Angina Pectoris. J Tehran Heart Cent Jan. 2021;16(1):15\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/jthc.v16i1.6595.","journal-title":"J Tehran Heart Cent Jan"},{"key":"5709_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5532917","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/5532917","volume":"2023","author":"Q Liang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liang Q, Zhang Y, Liang J. Elevated Serum Total Bilirubin Might Indicate Poor Coronary Conditions for Unstable Angina Pectoris Patients beyond as a Cardiovascular Protector. Cardiovasc Ther. 2023;2023:5532917. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/5532917.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"5709_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/joic.12103","volume":"27","author":"SL Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen SL, Liu Y, Lin L, Ye F, Zhang JJ, Tian NL, Zhang JX, Hu ZY, Xu T, Li L, Xu B, Latif F, Nguyen T. Interleukin-6, but not C-reactive protein, predicts the occurrence of cardiovascular events after drug-eluting stent for unstable angina. J Interv Cardiol Apr. 2014;27(2):142\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joic.12103.","journal-title":"J Interv Cardiol Apr"},{"issue":"4","key":"5709_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02063","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2063","volume":"11","author":"H Shen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shen H, Han C, Yang Y, Guo L, Sheng Y, Wang J, Li W, Zhai L, Wang G, Guan Q. Pyroptosis executive protein GSDMD as a biomarker for diagnosis and identification of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Brain Behav Apr. 2021;11(4):e02063. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.2063.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Apr"},{"issue":"1","key":"5709_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2312534","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022x.2024.2312534","volume":"46","author":"X Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang X, Yang B. The serum levels of gasdermin D in uremic patients and its relationship with the prognosis: a prospective observational cohort study. Ren Fail Dec. 2024;46(1):2312534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0886022x.2024.2312534.","journal-title":"Ren Fail Dec"},{"key":"5709_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138352","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1138352","volume":"10","author":"W Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun W, Wang C, Cui S, Wang Y, Zhao S, Lu M, Yang F, Dong S, Chu Y. Association of GSDMD with microvascular-ischemia reperfusion injury after ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023;10:1138352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1138352.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5709_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-022-02998-8","volume":"21","author":"Y Weng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weng Y, Ye B, Lin J, Lin S, Zhong L, Huang W, Cai X, Wang W. Elevated circulating levels of gasdermin D are related to acute myocardial infarction and pyrogptosis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord Dec. 2022;21(1):554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-022-02998-8.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord Dec"},{"key":"5709_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li Y, Wang Y, Guo H, Wu Q, Hu Y. IRF2 contributes to myocardial infarction via regulation of GSDMD induced pyroptosis. Mol Med Rep Feb. 2022;25(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/mmr.2021.12556.","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2021.12556"},{"key":"5709_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Puylaert P, Van Praet M, Vaes F, Neutel CHG, Roth L, Guns PJ, De Meyer GRY, Martinet W. Gasdermin D Deficiency Limits the Transition of Atherosclerotic Plaques to an Inflammatory Phenotype in ApoE Knock-Out Mice. Biomedicines May. 2022;19(5). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines10051171.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10051171"},{"issue":"6","key":"5709_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.123.320612","volume":"44","author":"X Fan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fan X, Han J, Zhong L, Zheng W, Shao R, Zhang Y, Shi S, Lin S, Huang Z, Huang W, Cai X, Ye B. Macrophage-Derived GSDMD Plays an Essential Role in Atherosclerosis and Cross Talk Between Macrophages via the Mitochondria-STING-IRF3\/NF-\u03baB Axis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Jun. 2024;44(6):1365\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/atvbaha.123.320612.","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Jun"}],"container-title":["BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12872-026-05709-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-026-05709-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-026-05709-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T08:20:33Z","timestamp":1776673233000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12872-026-05709-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5709"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-026-05709-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All patients signed the informed consent. The present study obeyed Declaration of Helsinki. Study approval was obtained by the ethical committee of the Jiangsu Province(Suqian)Hospital and the ethic number is KYSB20210049.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}}],"article-number":"334"}}