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During acute myocardial infarction (AMI), adipokine profiles may vary according to body mass index (BMI), yet this association remains underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare circulating adiponectin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) between non-obese and obese patients with AMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this cross-sectional study, 105 patients with AMI were stratified as non-obese (BMI\u2009&lt;\u200925\u00a0kg\/m\u00b2,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200962) or obese (BMI\u2009\u2265\u200925\u00a0kg\/m\u00b2,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200943). Serum adiponectin, GDF15, and IL-6 were measured by Luminex, and FGF21 was measured by ELISA. Clinical variables and lipid indices were compared between BMI groups, and correlation analyses were performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Although myocardial injury levels were comparable between the two groups, non-obese patients had significantly higher serum levels of adiponectin, FGF21, GDF15, and IL-6 than obese patients (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In all patients, adiponectin was negatively correlated with total cholesterol, LDL-c, and triglycerides, and positively correlated with HDL-c; however, these associations were not consistently observed within BMI subgroups after stratification and FDR correction. GDF15 and IL-6 also showed inverse correlations with selected lipid parameters in all patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non-obese AMI patients exhibited higher levels of adiponectin, FGF21, GDF15, and IL-6 compared to obese AMI patients. These adipokine profiles were associated with lipid parameters, notably showing inverse correlations between adiponectin and GDF15 with total cholesterol and LDL-c. These findings highlight the association between adiposity and early metabolic responses in AMI across BMI categories.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-026-06140-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T12:35:03Z","timestamp":1781958903000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adipokine-mediated metabolic responses across BMI in acute myocardial infarction"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4512-8385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunita","family":"Sunita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0452-4157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mas Rizky A. 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