{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T11:44:31Z","timestamp":1792583071065,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Emerg Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Critically ill non-trauma patients treated in the emergency department have a high risk of in-hospital mortality. While point-of-care diagnostics such as blood gas analysis are established tools for urgent management, data on their prognostic value in this specific patient cohort remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate whether initial blood gas parameters are independently associated with in-hospital mortality in critically ill non-trauma patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included adult critically ill non-trauma patients treated in the emergency department of a German university hospital. Initial blood gas parameters and clinical data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression to assess their association with in-hospital mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 879 screened patients, 542 met the inclusion criteria. In-hospital mortality was 20% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009110). In addition to older age and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, anemia (hemoglobin\u2009&lt;\u200912\u00a0g\/dL; OR of 2.07, 95% CI 1.20\u20133.58;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009), acidosis (pH\u2009&lt;\u20097.35; OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.09\u20134.95;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.033) and hypobicarbonatemia (&lt;\u200922 mmol\/L; OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.42\u20135.69;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004) were independently associated with in-hospital mortality. The association for hyperlactatemia was borderline (&gt;\u20092.2 mmol\/L; OR 1.85, 95% CI 0.93\u20133.77;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.08). Multivariate analysis did not reveal significant associations between other electrolyte imbalances and in-hospital mortality in this cohort.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective cohort, the presence of anemia, acidosis or hypobicarbonatemia on admission to the resuscitation room were independently associated with an elevated risk of in-hospital mortality in critically ill non-trauma patients. These readily available point-of-care parameters may support early risk stratification. Prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-026-01822-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T05:04:12Z","timestamp":1792559052000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prognostic value of early point-of-care blood gas analysis in critically ill non-trauma patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0950-4307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constantin","family":"Maier-Stocker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebekka","family":"L\u00e4ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillena","family":"Zinsser-Krys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Hanses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Hupf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1822_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1097\/MEJ.0000000000000543","volume":"25","author":"M Bernhard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bernhard M, D\u00f6ll S, Hartwig T, Ramshorn-Zimmer A, Yahiaoui-Doktor M, Weidhase L, et al. 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The study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. As the study involved only the retrospective analysis of existing, de-identified clinical routine data, informed consent to participate was not required.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"During the preparation of this work, the authors used an AI assistant to improve readability, refine scientific language, and format tables and figures. After using this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the final content of the publication. The AI tool was not used to generate data, perform primary statistical analysis, or draw scientific conclusions.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Use of artificial intelligence","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"283"}}