{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T13:28:03Z","timestamp":1771075683350,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,28]],"date-time":"2015-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1440720000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Res Methodol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-015-0061-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,27]],"date-time":"2015-08-27T14:09:41Z","timestamp":1440684581000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["A general framework for comparative Bayesian meta-analysis of diagnostic studies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Joris","family":"Menten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Lesaffre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"61_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-2-82","volume":"2","author":"MMG Leeflang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Leeflang MMG, Deeks JJ, Takwoingi Y, Macaskill P. Cochrane diagnostic test accuracy reviews. Syst Rev. 2013; 2:82.","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"61_CR2","first-page":"982","volume":"58","author":"JB Reitsma","year":"2005","unstructured":"Reitsma JB, Glas AS, Rutjes AWS, Scholten RJPM, Bossuyt PM, Zwinderman AH. Bivariate analysis of sensitivity and specificity produces informative summary measures in diagnostic reviews. J Clin Ethics. 2005; 58(10):982\u201390.","journal-title":"J Clin Ethics"},{"key":"61_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-7-201304020-00006","volume":"158","author":"Y Takwoingi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Takwoingi Y, Leeflang MMG, Deeks JJ. Empirical evidence of the importance of comparative studies of diagnostic test accuracy. Ann Intern Med. 2013; 158:544\u201354.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"61_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.331.7521.897","volume":"331","author":"DM Caldwell","year":"2005","unstructured":"Caldwell DM, Ades AE, Higgins JPT. Simultaneous comparison of multiple treatments: combining direct and indirect evidence. Br Med J. 2005; 331:897\u2013900.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"61_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774513498322","volume":"11","author":"J Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang J, Carlin BP, Neaton JD, GG GGS, Nie L, Kane R, et al.Network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials: Reporting the proper summaries. Clin Trials. 2014; 11(2):246\u201362.","journal-title":"Clin Trials"},{"key":"61_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198509844.001.0001","volume-title":"The Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests for Classification and Prediction","author":"MS Pepe","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pepe MS. The Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests for Classification and Prediction. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press; 2003."},{"key":"61_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470317082","volume-title":"Statistical Methods in Diagnostic Medicine","author":"XH Zhou","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zhou XH, Obuchowski NA, McClish DK. Statistical Methods in Diagnostic Medicine. New-York (US): Wiley-Interscience; 2002."},{"key":"61_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119942412","volume-title":"Bayesian Biostatistics (Statistics in Practice)","author":"E Lesaffre","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lesaffre E, Lawson AB. Bayesian Biostatistics (Statistics in Practice). New-York (US): Wiley; 2012."},{"key":"61_CR9","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Version 1.0","author":"P Macaskill","year":"2010","unstructured":"Macaskill P, Gatsonis C, Deeks J, Harbord R, Takwoingi Y. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy - Chapter 10: Analysing and presenting results In: Deeks JJ, Bossuyt PM, Gatsonis C, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Version 1.0. London (UK): The Cochrane Collaboration: 2010. p. 1\u201361."},{"issue":"30","key":"61_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5398","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.5959","volume":"32","author":"J Menten","year":"2013","unstructured":"Menten J, Boelaert M, Lesaffre E. Bayesian meta-analysis of diagnostic tests allowing for imperfect reference standards. Stat Med. 2013; 32(30):5398\u2013413.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"61_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3088","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4055","volume":"29","author":"PE Verde","year":"2010","unstructured":"Verde PE. Meta-analysis of diagnostic test data: a bivariate Bayesian modeling approach. Stat Med. 2010; 29:3088\u2013102.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"61_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(97)00049-8","volume":"50","author":"HC Bucher","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bucher HC, Guyatt GH, Griffith LE, Walter SD. The results of direct and indirect treatment comparisons in meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Epidemiol. 1997; 50(6):683\u201391.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"61_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2685","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780142408","volume":"14","author":"TC Smith","year":"1995","unstructured":"Smith TC, Spiegelhalter DJ, Thomas SL. Bayesian approaches to random-effects meta-analysis: a comparative study. Stat Med. 1995; 14:2685\u2013699.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"61_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3105","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1875","volume":"23","author":"G Lu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lu G, Aedes AE. Combination of direct and indirect evidende in mixed treatment comparisons. Stat Med. 2004; 23:3105\u2013124.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"61_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmva.2009.04.015","volume":"100","author":"MJ Daniels","year":"2009","unstructured":"Daniels MJ, Pourahmadi M. Modeling covariance matrices via partial autocorrelations. J Multivar Anal. 2009; 100(10):2352\u2013363.","journal-title":"J Multivar Anal"},{"key":"61_CR16","volume-title":"Latent Class Analysis. Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences Series No. 64","author":"AL McCutcheon","year":"1987","unstructured":"McCutcheon AL. Latent Class Analysis. Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences Series No. 64. Thousand Oaks, US: Sage Publications; 1987."},{"key":"61_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2001.00158.x","volume":"57","author":"N Dendukuri","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dendukuri N, Joseph L. Bayesian approaches to modeling the conditional dependence between multiple tests. Biometrics. 2001; 57:158\u201367.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"61_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.2307\/2533043","volume":"52","author":"Y Qu","year":"1996","unstructured":"Qu Y, Tan M, Kutner MH. Random effects models in latent class analysis for evaluating accuracy of diagnostic tests. Biometrics. 1996; 52:797\u2013810.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"61_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1998.10473748","volume":"93","author":"Y Qu","year":"1998","unstructured":"Qu Y, Hadgu A. A model for evaluating sensitivity and specificity for correlated diagnostic tests in efficacy studies with an imperfect reference test. J Am Stat Assoc. 1998; 93:920\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"issue":"22","key":"61_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4469","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3317","volume":"27","author":"J Menten","year":"2008","unstructured":"Menten J, Boelaert M, Lesaffre E. Bayesian latent class models with conditionally dependent diagnostic tests: a case study. Stat Med. 2008; 27(22):4469\u2013488.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"61_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3470","volume":"28","author":"N Dendukuri","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dendukuri N, Hadgu A, Wang L. Modeling conditional dependence between diagnostic tests: A multiple latent variable model. Stat Med. 2009; 28:441\u201361.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"61_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1177011136","volume":"7","author":"A Gelman","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gelman A, Rubin DB. Inference from iterative simulation using multiple sequences. Stat Sci. 1992; 7:457\u201372.","journal-title":"Stat Sci"},{"key":"61_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agresti A, Hitchcock DB. Bayesian Inference for Categorical Data Analysis: A Survey. 2005.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10260-005-0121-y"},{"issue":"2","key":"61_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1214\/088342305000000016","volume":"20","author":"CCH A. Jasra","year":"2005","unstructured":"A. Jasra CCH, Stephens DA. Markov chain monte carlo methods and the label switching problem in bayesian mixture modeling. Stat Sci. 2005; 20(2):50\u201367.","journal-title":"Stat Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"61_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9868.00265","volume":"62","author":"M Stephens","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stephens M. Dealing with label switching in mixture models. J R Stat Soc Ser B Stat Methodol. 2000; 62(1):795\u2013809.","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Ser B Stat Methodol"},{"issue":"2","key":"61_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000198422.64801.8d","volume":"17","author":"D Berkvens","year":"2006","unstructured":"Berkvens D, Speybroeck N, Praet N, Adel A, Lesaffre E. Estimating disease prevalence in a Bayesian framework using probabilistic constraints. Epidemiology. 2006; 17(2):145\u201353.","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"61_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boelaert M, Chappuis F, Menten J, van Griensven J, Sunyoto T, Rijal S. Rapid diagnostic tests for visceral leishmaniasis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011; 6.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009135"},{"issue":"7571","key":"61_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38917.503056.7C","volume":"333","author":"F Chappuis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chappuis F, Rijal S, Soto A, Menten J, Boelaert M. A meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of the direct agglutination test and rk39 dipstick for visceral leishmaniasis. Br Med J. 2006; 333(7571):723\u20136.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"7379","key":"61_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7379.41","volume":"326","author":"PM Bossuyt","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bossuyt PM, Reitsma JB, Bruns DE, Gatsonis CA, Glasziou PP, Irwig LM, et al.Towards complete and,accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the stard initiative. Br Med J. 2003; 326(7379):41\u20134.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"61_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxp015","volume":"10","author":"H Chu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chu H, Cole SR, Wei Y, Ibrahim JG. Estimation and inference for case-control studies with multiple non-gold standard exposure assessments: with an occupational health application. Biostatistics. 2009; 10:591\u2013602.","journal-title":"Biostatistics"},{"issue":"25","key":"61_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4426","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.5842","volume":"32","author":"J Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang J, Cole SR, Richardson DB, Chu H. A bayesian approach to strengthen inference for case-control studies with multiple error-prone exposure assessments. Stat Med. 2013; 32(25):4426\u2013437.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"61_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(03)00177-X","volume":"56","author":"AS Glas","year":"2003","unstructured":"Glas AS, Lijmer JG, Prins MH, Bonsel GJ, Bossuyt PM. The diagnostic odds ratio: a single indicator of test performance. J Clin Epidemiol. 2003; 56:1129\u20131135.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"19","key":"61_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.942","volume":"20","author":"CM Rutter","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rutter CM, Gatsonis CA. A hierarchical regression approach to meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy evaluations. Stat Med. 2001; 20(19):2865\u2013884.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"474","key":"61_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1198\/016214505000001302","volume":"101","author":"G Lu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lu G, Aedes AE. Assessing evidence inconsistency in mixed treatment comparisons. J Am Stat Assoc. 2006; 101(474):447\u201359.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"61_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.08.025","volume":"63","author":"DM Caldwell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Caldwell DM, Welton NJ, Ades AE. Mixed treatment comparison analysis provides internally coherent treatment effect estimates based on overviews of reviews and can reveal inconsistency. J Clin Epidemiol. 2010; 63:875\u201382.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"61_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280207080643","volume":"17","author":"G Salanti","year":"2008","unstructured":"Salanti G, Higgins JPT, Ades AE, Ioannidis JPA. Evaluation of networks of randomized trials. Stat Methods Med Res. 2008; 17:279\u2013301.","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"61_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3594","volume":"28","author":"NJ Cooper","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cooper NJ, Sutton AJ, Morris D, Ades AE, Welton NJ. Addressing between-study heterogeneity and inconsistency in mixed treatment comparisons: Application to stroke prevention treatments in individuals with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation. Stat Med. 2009; 28:1861\u20131881.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"Epub ahead of p","key":"61_CR38","first-page":"1","volume":"34","author":"J Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang J, Fu H, Carlin BP. Detecting outlying trials in network meta-analysis. Stat Med. 2015; 34(Epub ahead of print):1\u20133.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"61_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-985X.2010.00639.x","volume":"176","author":"S Dias","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dias S, Welton NJ. Estimation and adjustment of bias in randomized evidence by using mixed treatment comparison meta-analysis. J R Stat Soc Ser A. 2010; 176(3):613\u201329.","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Ser A"},{"key":"61_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1044","volume":"3","author":"JPT Higgins","year":"2012","unstructured":"Higgins JPT, Jackson D, Barrett JK, Lu G, Ades AE, White IR. Consistency and inconsistency in network meta-analysis: concepts and models for multi-arm studies. Res Synth Meth. 2012; 3:98\u2013110.","journal-title":"Res Synth Meth"},{"key":"61_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1045","volume":"3","author":"IR White","year":"2012","unstructured":"White IR, Barrett JK, Jackson D, Higgins JPT. Consistency and inconsistency in network meta-analysis: model estimation using multivariate meta-regression. Res Synth Meth. 2012; 3:111\u201325.","journal-title":"Res Synth Meth"},{"key":"61_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1115","volume":"5","author":"TA Trikalinos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Trikalinos TA, Hoaglin DC, Small KM, Terrin N, Schmid CH. Methods for the joint meta-analysis of multiple tests. Res Synth Meth. 2014; 5:294\u2013312.","journal-title":"Res Synth Meth"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Research Methodology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12874-015-0061-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12874-015-0061-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12874-015-0061-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T19:38:05Z","timestamp":1718048285000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12874-015-0061-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,28]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["61"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-015-0061-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,28]]},"article-number":"70"}}