{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T07:08:29Z","timestamp":1761808109664,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]],"date-time":"2017-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493164800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]],"date-time":"2017-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-13-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-13-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54 CA136400","T32 CA009054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54 CA136400","T32 CA009054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000997","name":"Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Beckman Laser Institute Programmatic Support"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Beckman Laser Institute Programmatic Support"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000997","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P41 EB015890"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P41 EB015890"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Res Methodol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-017-0329-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]],"date-time":"2017-04-26T12:19:26Z","timestamp":1493209166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sample size and power determination when limited preliminary information is available"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Christine E.","family":"McLaren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Pin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas D.","family":"O\u2019Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel L.","family":"Gillen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min-Ying","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeon H.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce J.","family":"Tromberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"329_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(05)70390-9","volume":"6","author":"NF Boyd","year":"2005","unstructured":"Boyd NF, Rommens JM, Vogt K, Lee V, Hopper JL, Yaffe MJ, et al. Mammographic breast density as an intermediate phenotype for breast cancer. Lancet Oncol. 2005;6(10):798\u2013808.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"329_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djr079","volume":"103","author":"J Cuzick","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cuzick J, Warwick J, Pinney E, Duffy SW, Cawthorn S, Howell A, et al. Tamoxifen-induced reduction in mammographic density and breast cancer risk reduction: a nested case-control study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011;103(9):744\u201352.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"4","key":"329_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R102","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr3221","volume":"14","author":"J Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim J, Han W, Moon H-G, Ahn SK, Shin H-C, You J-M, et al. Breast density change as a predictive surrogate for response to adjuvant endocrine therapy in hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2012;14(4):R102.","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"issue":"18","key":"329_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.44.5015","volume":"31","author":"J Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li J, Humphreys K, Eriksson L, Edgren G, Czene K, Hall P. Mammographic Density Reduction Is a Prognostic Marker of Response to Adjuvant Tamoxifen Therapy in Postmenopausal Patients With Breast Cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(18):2249\u201356.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"329_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nyante SJ, Sherman ME, Pfeiffer RM, Berrington de Gonzalez A, Brinton LA, Aiello Bowles EJ, et al. Prognostic significance of mammographic density change after initiation of tamoxifen for ER-positive breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2015;107(3):dju425.","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dju425"},{"issue":"12","key":"329_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5253","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3002306","volume":"35","author":"K Nie","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nie K, Chen JH, Chan S, Chau MK, Yu HJ, Bahri S, et al. Development of a quantitative method for analysis of breast density based on three-dimensional breast MRI. Med Phys. 2008;35(12):5253\u201362.","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"issue":"10","key":"329_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4014","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0611058104","volume":"104","author":"A Cerussi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cerussi A, Hsiang D, Shah N, Mehta R, Durkin A, Butler J, et al. Predicting response to breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy using diffuse optical spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007;104(10):4014\u20139.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"329_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R14","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr3389","volume":"15","author":"TD O\u2019Sullivan","year":"2013","unstructured":"O\u2019Sullivan TD, Leproux A, Chen JH, Bahri S, Matlock A, Roblyer D, et al. Optical imaging correlates with magnetic resonance imaging breast density and reveals composition changes during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res. 2013;15(1):R14.","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"329_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2010.07.009","volume":"29","author":"JH Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen JH, Chang YC, Chang D, Wang YT, Nie K, Chang RF, et al. Reduction of breast density following tamoxifen treatment evaluated by 3-D MRI: preliminary study. Magn Reson Imaging. 2011;29(1):91\u20138.","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"329_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxr044","volume":"13","author":"S Haneuse","year":"2012","unstructured":"Haneuse S, Schildcrout J, Gillen D. A two-stage strategy to accommodate general patterns of confounding in the design of observational studies. Biostatistics. 2012;13(2):274\u201388.","journal-title":"Biostatistics"},{"key":"329_CR11","unstructured":"The data analysis for this paper was generated using SAS software, Version 9.4 of the SAS System for Windows. Copyright \u00a9 2002-2012 SAS Institute Inc. SAS and all other SAS Institute Inc. product or service names are registered trademarks or trademarks of SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA."},{"issue":"6","key":"329_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr1358","volume":"7","author":"BJ Tromberg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tromberg BJ, Cerussi A, Shah N, Compton M, Durkin A, Hsiang D, et al. Imaging in breast cancer: diffuse optics in breast cancer: detecting tumors in pre-menopausal women and monitoring neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res. 2005;7(6):279\u201385.","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"key":"329_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-4541-9","volume-title":"An introduction to the bootstrap","author":"B Efron","year":"1993","unstructured":"Efron B, Tibshirani RJ. An introduction to the bootstrap. New York: Chapman & Hall; 1993."},{"key":"329_CR14","first-page":"1137","volume-title":"The Fourteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence: 1995","author":"R Kohavi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kohavi R. A study of cross-validation and bootstrap for accuracy estimation and model selection. In: The Fourteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence: 1995. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo; 1995. p. 1137\u201343."},{"issue":"8","key":"329_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh106","volume":"96","author":"J Cuzick","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cuzick J, Warwick J, Pinney E, Warren RML, Duffy SW. Tamoxifen and Breast Density in Women at Increased Risk of Breast Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004;96(8):621\u20138.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"329_CR16","unstructured":"Elashoff JD. nQuery Advisor Version 7.0 User\u2019s Guide. Los Angeles: Statistical Solutions Ltd.; 2007."},{"key":"329_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471602396","volume-title":"Biostatistics : a methodology for the health sciences","author":"G Van Belle","year":"2004","unstructured":"Van Belle G, Fisher L. Biostatistics : a methodology for the health sciences. Hoboken: Wiley; 2004."},{"issue":"3","key":"329_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1198\/000313001317098149","volume":"55","author":"RV Lenth","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lenth RV. Some Practical Guidelines for Effective Sample Size Determination. Am Stat. 2001;55(3):187\u201393.","journal-title":"Am Stat"},{"issue":"14","key":"329_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19980730)17:14<1623::AID-SIM871>3.0.CO;2-S","volume":"17","author":"FY Hsieh","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hsieh FY, Bloch DA, Larsen MD. A simple method of sample size calculation for linear and logistic regression. Stat Med. 1998;17(14):1623\u201334.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"329_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4279","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2673","volume":"25","author":"A Burton","year":"2006","unstructured":"Burton A, Altman DG, Royston P, Holder RL. The design of simulation studies in medical statistics. Stat Med. 2006;25(24):4279\u201392.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"329_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(02)00121-8","volume":"118","author":"JE Desmond","year":"2002","unstructured":"Desmond JE, Glover GH. Estimating sample size in functional MRI (fMRI) neuroimaging studies: statistical power analyses. J Neurosci Methods. 2002;118(2):115\u201328.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"329_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2015.10.002","volume":"8","author":"JH Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen JH, Gulsen G, Su MY. Imaging Breast Density: Established and Emerging Modalities. Transl Oncol. 2015;8(6):435\u201345.","journal-title":"Transl Oncol"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Research Methodology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12874-017-0329-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12874-017-0329-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12874-017-0329-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T14:49:57Z","timestamp":1589467797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12874-017-0329-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["329"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-017-0329-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1471-2288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 December 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 March 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 April 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"75"}}