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Dr. Skurtveit is a pharmacoepidemiologist and works with countries across Europe to identify emerging trends of problematic opioid use. Dr. Clausen leads the Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research and advises the EMCDDA and WHO on issues of substance use and healthy ageing.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Authors\u2019 information"}},{"value":"The Norwegian Regional Ethics Committee approved the study (ref: 2012\/1131\/REK). Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants prior to inclusion into the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"44"}}