{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:02:57Z","timestamp":1790809377041,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010731","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["066\/2559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["066\/2559"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Res Methodol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the ArmA-TH sub-scale measurement properties based on item response theory using the Rasch model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with upper limb hemiplegia resulting from cerebrovascular and other brain disorders were asked to complete the ArmA-TH questionnaire. Rasch analysis was performed to test how well the ArmA-TH passive and active function sub-scales fit the Rasch model by investigating unidimensionality, response category functioning, reliability of person and item, and differential item functioning (DIF) for age, sex, and education.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants had stroke or other acquired brain injury (n\u2009=\u2009185), and the majority were men (126, 68.1\u2009%), with a mean age of 55 (SD 22). Most patients (91, 49.2\u2009%) had graduated from elementary\/primary school. For the ArmA-TH passive function scale, all items had acceptable fit statistics. The scale\u2019s unidimensionality and local independence were supported. The reliability was acceptable. A disordered threshold was found for five items, and none indicated DIF. For the ArmA-TH active function scale, one item was misfit and three were locally dependent. The reliability was good. No items showed DIF. All items had disordered thresholds, and the data fitted the Rasch model better after rescoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both sub-scales of ArmA-TH fitted the Rasch model and were valid and reliable. The disordered thresholds should be further investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-021-01238-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T08:02:57Z","timestamp":1615276977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Investigating psychometric properties of the arm activity measure \u2013 Thai version (ArmA-TH) sub\u2010scales using the Rasch model"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3388-7720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Montana","family":"Buntragulpoontawee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeeranan","family":"Khunachiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patreeya","family":"Euawongyarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nahathai","family":"Wongpakaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tinakon","family":"Wongpakaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atcharee","family":"Kaewma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Ashford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1238_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2012.743602","volume":"35","author":"S Ashford","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ashford S, Slade M, Turner-Stokes L. Conceptualisation and development of the arm activity measure (ArmA) for assessment of activity in the hemiparetic arm. Disabil Rehabil. 2013;35:1513\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/09638288.2012.743602.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"1238_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215512474942","volume":"27","author":"S Ashford","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ashford S, Turner-Stokes L, Siegert R, Slade M. Initial psychometric evaluation of the Arm Activity Measure (ArmA): a measure of activity in the hemiparetic arm. Clin Rehabil. 2013;27:728\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0269215512474942.","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"1238_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-018-0971-2","volume":"16","author":"M Buntragulpoontawee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buntragulpoontawee M, Euawongyarti P, Wongpakaran T, Ashford S, Rattanamanee S, Khunachiva J. Preliminary evaluation of the reliability, validity and feasibility of the arm activity measure - Thai version (ArmA-TH) in cerebrovascular patients with upper limb hemiplegia. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2018;16:141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12955-018-0971-2.","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"key":"1238_CR4","volume-title":"Applying the Rasch model: fundamental measurement in the human sciences","author":"G Trevor","year":"2015","unstructured":"Trevor G, Bond CM, Fox. Applying the Rasch model: fundamental measurement in the human sciences. New York: Routledge,Taylor & Francis group; 2015."},{"key":"1238_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2015.1041613","volume":"38","author":"S Ashford","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ashford S, Siegert RJ, Alexandrescu R. Rasch measurement: the Arm Activity measure (ArmA) passive function sub-scale. 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Ethic approval number REH-2558-03109. All patients were asked for written informed consent before they answered the questionnaire.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"46"}}