{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T16:43:14Z","timestamp":1793637794565,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012021","name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1395.9223475201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1395.9223475201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012021","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Fam Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D (VD) may increase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and subsequently PPAR-\u03b3 coactivator 1\u03b1 (PGC-1\u03b1) and irisin levels and these improvements may reduce insulin resistance (IR). The aim was to assess the effects of vitamin D supplementation on SIRT1, irisin, and IR in overweight\/obese type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety T2D males and females were recruited as a clinical trial study (mean of age and body mass index (BMI) of intervention and placebo groups were 50.05\u2009\u00b1\u200910.17 and 50.36\u2009\u00b1\u200910.2\u2009yrs. and 31.37\u2009\u00b1\u20093.4 and 30.43\u2009\u00b1\u20093.2\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, respectively). The inclusion criteria were T2D, VD deficient, BMI\u2009&gt;\u200925\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, and serum HbA1c\u2009&lt;\u20098.5%. The exclusion criteria were using vitamin and mineral supplements, having any acute disease, recent modifying dose or type of drugs. The supplementation was 50,000\u2009IU\/week VD or placebo for 8\u2009weeks. The demographic characteristics, anthropometrics, dietary intakes and physical activity status, sun exposure status, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), irisin, SIRT1, 25-hydroxy D3 (25(OH)VD), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were determined. The significant<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value was \u22640.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The increase of serum VD, SIRT1, and irisin in the intervention group was significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). HbA1c was decreased significantly by 1%. The changes in the other glucose indices (FBS, insulin, and IR) were non-significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>VD supplementation may improve T2D by decreasing HbA1c and increasing SIRT1 and irisin in VD deficient T2D patients. Further trials are suggested.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT201604202365N11. Registered 21\/08\/2016,<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/en.irct.ir\/trial\/2019\">http:\/\/en.irct.ir\/trial\/2019<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-020-1096-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T14:02:51Z","timestamp":1581084171000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Vitamin D supplementation improves SIRT1, Irisin, and glucose indices in overweight or obese type 2 diabetic patients: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Peivasteh","family":"Safarpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milad","family":"Daneshi-Maskooni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Vafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitra","family":"Nourbakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Janani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Maddah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh-Sadat","family":"Amiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Homa","family":"Sadeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"1096_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s5","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.2007.S5","volume":"27","author":"Association AD","year":"2004","unstructured":"Association AD. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(suppl 1):s5\u2013s10.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"08","key":"1096_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1345162","volume":"121","author":"S Himmetoglu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Himmetoglu S, Teksoz S, Zengin K, Yesim T, Task\u0131n M, Dincer Y. Serum levels of fetuin a and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in morbidly obese subjects. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2013;121(08):505\u20138.","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"1096_CR3","first-page":"391","volume":"13","author":"M Kimiagar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kimiagar M, Pourshams A, Majd SK, Goglani G, Jaafari E, Semnani S, et al. Vitamin deficiency in Golestan Province, northern Iran: a high-risk area for esophageal cancer. Arch Iran Med. 2010;13(5):391.","journal-title":"Arch Iran Med"},{"key":"1096_CR4","unstructured":"Heshmat R, Mohammad K, Majdzadeh S, Forouzanfar M, Bahrami A, Ranjbar Omrani G, Nabipour I, Rajabian R, Hossein-Nezhad A, Rezaei Hemami M, Keshtkar A, Pajouhi M. Vitamin D Deficiency in Iran: A Multi-center Study among Different Urban Areas. Iran J Public Health. 2008;37(sup):72-78. http:\/\/ijph.tums.ac.ir\/index.php\/ijph\/article\/view\/2901."},{"issue":"2","key":"1096_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e3283372859","volume":"17","author":"M Baz-Hecht","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baz-Hecht M, Goldfine AB. The impact of vitamin D deficiency on diabetes and cardiovascular risk. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2010;17(2):113\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"issue":"2","key":"1096_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-009-9216-9","volume":"36","author":"H Nimitphong","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nimitphong H, Chanprasertyothin S, Jongjaroenprasert W, Ongphiphadhanakul B. The association between vitamin D status and circulating adiponectin independent of adiposity in subjects with abnormal glucose tolerance. Endocrine. 2009;36(2):205\u201310.","journal-title":"Endocrine."},{"key":"1096_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495101","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/495101","volume":"2011","author":"CL Roth","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roth CL, Elfers C, Kratz M, Hoofnagle AN. Vitamin D deficiency in obese children and its relationship to insulin resistance and adipokines. J Obes. 2011;2011:495101.","journal-title":"J Obes"},{"issue":"10","key":"1096_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-0593","volume":"57","author":"NG Forouhi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Forouhi NG, Luan JA, Cooper A, Boucher BJ, Wareham NJ. Baseline serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D is predictive of future glycemic status and insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2008;57(10):2619\u201325.","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"5","key":"1096_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/79.5.820","volume":"79","author":"KC Chiu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chiu KC, Chu A, Go VLW, Saad MF. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with insulin resistance and \u03b2 cell dysfunction. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;79(5):820\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1096_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351385","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/351385","volume":"2010","author":"JA Alvarez","year":"2010","unstructured":"Alvarez JA, Ashraf A. Role of vitamin D in insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity for glucose homeostasis. Int J Endocrinol. 2010;2010:351385.","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1096_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-005-1802-7","volume":"48","author":"C Mathieu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mathieu C, Gysemans C, Giulietti A, Bouillon R. Vitamin D and diabetes. Diabetologia. 2005;48(7):1247\u201357.","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"key":"1096_CR12","volume-title":"Potential health benefits of Indian spices in the symptoms of the metabolic syndrome: a review","author":"A Iyer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Iyer A, Panchal S, Poudyal H, Brown L. Potential health benefits of Indian spices in the symptoms of the metabolic syndrome: a review; 2009."},{"issue":"2","key":"1096_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3834","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14023834","volume":"14","author":"A Salminen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Salminen A, Kaarniranta K, Kauppinen A. Crosstalk between oxidative stress and SIRT1: impact on the aging process. Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14(2):3834\u201359.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"03","key":"1096_CR14","first-page":"131","volume":"124","author":"A Guclu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guclu A, Erdur F, Turkmen K. The emerging role of sirtuin 1 in cellular metabolism, diabetes mellitus, diabetic kidney disease and hypertension. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2016;124(03):131\u20139.","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"1096_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2010.05.003","volume":"501","author":"S Chung","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chung S, Yao H, Caito S, Hwang J-W, Arunachalam G, Rahman I. Regulation of SIRT1 in cellular functions: role of polyphenols. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2010;501(1):79\u201390.","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"5","key":"1096_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2015.02.007","volume":"4","author":"R Mayoral","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mayoral R, Osborn O, McNelis J, Johnson AM, Izquierdo CL, Chung H, et al. Adipocyte SIRT1 knockout promotes PPAR\u03b3 activity, adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in chronic-HFD and obesity. Mol Metab. 2015;4(5):378\u201391.","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"1096_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-012-9436-x","volume":"6","author":"L Polidoro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Polidoro L, Properzi G, Marampon F, Gravina G, Festuccia C, Di Cesare E, et al. Vitamin D protects human endothelial cells from H2O2 oxidant injury through the Mek\/Erk-Sirt1 axis activation. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2013;6(2):221\u201331.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Transl Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1096_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-014-0091-1","volume":"3","author":"BA Irving","year":"2014","unstructured":"Irving BA, Still CD, Argyropoulos G. Does IRISIN have a BRITE future as a therapeutic agent in humans? Curr Obes Rep. 2014;3(2):235\u201341.","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"1096_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2391","volume":"9","author":"A Guilherme","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guilherme A, Virbasius JV, Puri V, Czech MP. Adipocyte dysfunctions linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2008;9(5):367\u201377.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1096_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-14-2","volume":"14","author":"C J-q","year":"2015","unstructured":"J-q C, Y-y H, Gusdon AM, Qu S. Irisin: a new molecular marker and target in metabolic disorder. Lipids Health Dis. 2015;14(1):2.","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1096_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.12256","volume":"8","author":"C Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang C, Ding Z, Lv G, Li J, Zhou P, Zhang J. Lower irisin level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study and meta-analysis. J Diabetes. 2016;8(1):56\u201362.","journal-title":"J Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"1096_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.3963","volume":"9","author":"\u00c7 Binay","year":"2017","unstructured":"Binay \u00c7, Paket\u00e7i C, G\u00fczel S, Samanc\u0131 N. Serum Irisin and oxytocin levels as predictors of metabolic parameters in obese children. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2017;9(2):124.","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1096_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB","volume":"35","author":"CL Craig","year":"2003","unstructured":"Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjorstrom M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1381\u201395.","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"4","key":"1096_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.007336","volume":"93","author":"B Nikooyeh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nikooyeh B, Neyestani TR, Farvid M, Alavi-Majd H, Houshiarrad A, Kalayi A, et al. Daily consumption of vitamin D\u2013or vitamin D+ calcium-fortified yogurt drink improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93(4):764\u201371.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"7","key":"1096_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","volume":"28","author":"D Matthews","year":"1985","unstructured":"Matthews D, Hosker J, Rudenski A, Naylor B, Treacher D, Turner R. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and \u03b2-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985;28(7):412\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"7","key":"1096_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.7.6661","volume":"85","author":"A Katz","year":"2000","unstructured":"Katz A, Nambi SS, Mather K, Baron AD, Follmann DA, Sullivan G, et al. Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index: a simple, accurate method for assessing insulin sensitivity in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol. 2000;85(7):2402\u201310.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1096_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21458","DOI":"10.5812\/ircmj.21458","volume":"16","author":"N Baziar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baziar N, Jafarian K, Shadman Z, Qorbani M, Nikoo MK, Mishani MA. Effect of therapeutic dose of vitamin D on serum adiponectin and glycemia in vitamin D-insufficient or deficient type 2 diabetic patients. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2014;16(9):e21458.","journal-title":"Iran Red Crescent Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1096_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.09.002","volume":"68","author":"R Joseph","year":"2015","unstructured":"Joseph R, Sim J, Ogollah R, Lewis M. A systematic review finds variable use of the intention-to-treat principle in musculoskeletal randomized controlled trials with missing data. J Clin Epidemiol. 2015;68(1):15\u201324.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1096_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0385","volume":"96","author":"MF Holick","year":"2011","unstructured":"Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP, et al. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol. 2011;96(7):1911\u201330.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1096_CR30","first-page":"373","volume":"79","author":"Association WM","year":"2001","unstructured":"Association WM, World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Bull World Health Organ. 2001;79(4):373.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"4","key":"1096_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2003.tb10480.x","volume":"57","author":"A Borissova","year":"2003","unstructured":"Borissova A, Tankova T, Kirilov G, Dakovska L, Kovacheva R. The effect of vitamin D3 on insulin secretion and peripheral insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients. Int J Clin Pract. 2003;57(4):258\u201361.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"1096_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/2008-2231-20-10","volume":"20","author":"R Heshmat","year":"2012","unstructured":"Heshmat R, Tabatabaei-Malazy O, Abbaszadeh-Ahranjani S, Shahbazi S, Khooshehchin G, Bandarian F, et al. Effect of vitamin D on insulin resistance and anthropometric parameters in type 2 diabetes; a randomized double-blind clinical trial. DARU J Pharmaceut Sci. 2012;20(1):10.","journal-title":"DARU J Pharmaceut Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1096_CR33","first-page":"31","volume":"3","author":"H Nasri","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nasri H, Behradmanesh S, Maghsoudi AR, Ahmadi A, Nasri P, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Efficacy of supplementary vitamin D on improvement of glycemic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; a randomized double blind clinical trial. J Renal Inj Prev. 2014;3(1):31.","journal-title":"J Renal Inj Prev"},{"issue":"8","key":"1096_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0323","volume":"38","author":"YH Krul-Poel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Krul-Poel YH, Westra S, ten Boekel E, ter Wee MM, van Schoor NM, van Wijland H, et al. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (SUNNY trial): a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(8):1420\u20136.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"1096_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2014.29.5.620","volume":"29","author":"O-H Ryu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ryu O-H, Chung W, Lee S, Hong K-S, Choi M-G, Yoo HJ. The effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on insulin resistance and arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Korean J Intern Med. 2014;29(5):620.","journal-title":"Korean J Intern Med"},{"issue":"872","key":"1096_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.74.872.365","volume":"74","author":"A Taylor","year":"1998","unstructured":"Taylor A, Wise P. Vitamin D replacement in Asians with diabetes may increase insulin resistance. Postgrad Med J. 1998;74(872):365\u20136.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"1096_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-014-2673-x","volume":"25","author":"A Anastasilakis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Anastasilakis A, Polyzos S, Makras P, Gkiomisi A, Bisbinas I, Katsarou A, et al. Circulating irisin is associated with osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women with low bone mass but is not affected by either teriparatide or denosumab treatment for 3 months. Osteoporos Int. 2014;25(5):1633\u201342.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"1096_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2014.05.005","volume":"75","author":"\u00c9tienne Cavalier","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cavalier \u00c9, Mismetti V, Souberbielle JC. Evaluation of circulating irisin levels in healthy young individuals after a single 100,000 IU vitamin D dose. InAnnales d'endocrinologie. 2014;75(3):162-164. Elsevier Masson. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0003426614000717.","journal-title":"Annales d'Endocrinologie"},{"issue":"7","key":"1096_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181259","volume":"12","author":"E \u015aliwicka","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u015aliwicka E, Ciso\u0144 T, Kasprzak Z, Nowak A, Pilaczy\u0144ska-Szcze\u015bniak \u0141. Serum irisin and myostatin levels after 2 weeks of high-altitude climbing. PLoS One. 2017;12(7):e0181259.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1096_CR40","volume-title":"Serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D is associated with adiponectin and insulin resistance in diabetic Saudi adults","author":"N Al-Daghri","year":"2011","unstructured":"Al-Daghri N, Al-Attas O, Alokail M, Alkharfy K, Draz H, Clerici M. Serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D is associated with adiponectin and insulin resistance in diabetic Saudi adults; 2011."},{"issue":"4","key":"1096_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152763","volume":"11","author":"NO Nielsen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nielsen NO, Bjerregaard P, R\u00f8nn PF, Friis H, Andersen S, Melbye M, et al. Associations between vitamin D status and type 2 diabetes measures among Inuit in Greenland may be affected by other factors. PLoS One. 2016;11(4):e0152763.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"1096_CR42","first-page":"1","volume":"6","author":"M Eftekhari","year":"2011","unstructured":"Eftekhari M, Akbarzadeh M, Dabbaghmanesh M, Hasanzadeh J. Effects of treatment with oral calcitriol on plasma glucose and insulin levels in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients. Iranian J Nutr Sc Food Technol. 2011;6(3):1\u201310.","journal-title":"Iranian J Nutr Sc Food Technol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1096_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3313-x","volume":"57","author":"M Tabesh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tabesh M, Azadbakht L, Faghihimani E, Tabesh M, Esmaillzadeh A. Effects of calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation on metabolic profiles in vitamin D insufficient people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Diabetologia. 2014;57(10):2038\u201347.","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"12","key":"1096_CR44","first-page":"1651","volume":"43","author":"EY Rad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rad EY, Djalali M, Koohdani F, Saboor-Yaraghi AA, Eshraghian MR, Javanbakht MH, et al. The effects of vitamin D supplementation on glucose control and insulin resistance in patients with diabetes type 2: a randomized clinical trial study. Iran J Public Health. 2014;43(12):1651.","journal-title":"Iran J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1096_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22604","DOI":"10.5812\/ijem.22604","volume":"13","author":"ME Al-Sofiani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Al-Sofiani ME, Jammah A, Racz M, Khawaja RA, Hasanato R, El-Fawal HA, et al. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on glucose control and inflammatory response in type II diabetes: a double blind, randomized clinical trial. Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2015;13(1):e22604.","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"1096_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-015-0003-8","volume":"15","author":"JJ Sheth","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sheth JJ, Shah A, Sheth FJ, Trivedi S, Lele M, Shah N, et al. Does vitamin D play a significant role in type 2 diabetes? BMC Endocr Disord. 2015;15(1):5.","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"key":"1096_CR47","first-page":"1794894","volume":"2016","author":"J Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang J, Ye J, Guo G, Lan Z, Li X, Pan Z, et al. Vitamin D status is negatively correlated with insulin resistance in Chinese type 2 diabetes. Int J Endocrinol. 2016;2016:1794894.","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"key":"1096_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16072","DOI":"10.1038\/mtm.2016.72","volume":"5","author":"L Vil\u00e0","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vil\u00e0 L, Roca C, Elias I, Casellas A, Lage R, Franckhauser S, et al. AAV-mediated Sirt1 overexpression in skeletal muscle activates oxidative capacity but does not prevent insulin resistance. Mol Therapy\u2014Methods Clin Dev. 2016;5:16072.","journal-title":"Mol Therapy\u2014Methods Clin Dev"},{"issue":"1","key":"1096_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70202-5","volume":"3","author":"B Buijsse","year":"2015","unstructured":"Buijsse B. Vitamin D for prevention of type 2 diabetes: a clouded forecast for the sunshine vitamin. Lancet Diab Endocrinol. 2015;3(1):5\u20136.","journal-title":"Lancet Diab Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1096_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.47.383","volume":"47","author":"B Maestro","year":"2000","unstructured":"Maestro B, Campion J, Davila N, Calle C. Stimulation by 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 of insulin receptor expression and insulin responsiveness for glucose transport in U-937 human promonocytic cells. Endocr J. 2000;47(4):383\u201391.","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"issue":"6","key":"1096_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0298","volume":"92","author":"AG Pittas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pittas AG, Lau J, Hu FB, Dawson-Hughes B. The role of vitamin D and calcium in type 2 diabetes. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol. 2007;92(6):2017\u201329.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"1096_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2004.03.115","volume":"89","author":"R Bland","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bland R, Markovic D, Hills CE, Hughes SV, Chan SL, Squires PE, et al. Expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3-1\u03b1-hydroxylase in pancreatic islets. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2004;89:121\u20135.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"}],"container-title":["BMC Family Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12875-020-1096-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12875-020-1096-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12875-020-1096-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T12:05:43Z","timestamp":1695729943000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcfampract.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12875-020-1096-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1096"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12875-020-1096-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2296"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2296","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 November 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 January 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This trial was approved by the ethics committee of the Iran University of Medical Sciences (Ethical Code: IR.IUMS.REC.1395.9223475201). A written informed consent form (in Persian) obtained from all the patients. Participation was free, and a patient could withdraw at whatever point the person feels he\/she was unable to continue. There was no bar for the patients to receiving the other health care services of the center. The personal information of patients was kept secret before, during, and after the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"26"}}