{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T00:50:28Z","timestamp":1700700628379},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691107200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Prim. Care"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent mental health conditions managed predominantly by general practitioners (GPs). This study aimed to examine the management of anxiety by Australian GPs since the introduction of the Better Access to Psychiatrists, Psychologists and General Practitioners initiative in 2006.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We conducted secondary analysis of Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health data on GP encounters for anxiety from 2006 to 2016 (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200928,784). We calculated point estimates and used multivariate logistic regression to explore the effect of GP and patient characteristics on rates and types of management.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The management rate of anxiety increased from 2.3% of GP encounters in 2006 to 3.2% in 2016. Over the 10-year period, increases were seen in referrals to psychologists (AOR\u2009=\u20091.09, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.07\u20131.11, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) and selective serotonin \/ serotonin-noradrenalin reuptake inhibitors (AOR\u2009=\u20091.05, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.03\u20131.06, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), and benzodiazepines decreased (AOR\u2009=\u20090.94, 95%CI\u2009=\u20090.92\u20130.95, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). Systematic differences in management were found for patient and GP characteristics, including high rates of benzodiazepines in certain groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Anxiety is accounting for more of the GP workload, year on year. GP management of anxiety has become more closely aligned with practice guidelines since 2006. However, high rates of benzodiazepine prescribing in certain groups remains a concern. Further research is needed into GP treatment decision making for anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-023-02110-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T09:01:39Z","timestamp":1691139699000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anxiety management in Australian general practice: an analysis of encounters from 2006 \u2013 2016"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Erin L.","family":"Parker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Banfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel B.","family":"Fassnacht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine B.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2110_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1080\/00048670902970858","volume":"43","author":"PM Burgess","year":"2009","unstructured":"Burgess PM, Pirkis JE, Slade TN, Johnston AK, Meadows GN, Gunn JM. Service use for mental health problems: findings from the 2007 National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2009;43(7):615\u201323.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"2110_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867418799453","volume":"52","author":"G Andrews","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andrews G, Bell C, Boyce P, Gale C, Lampe L, Marwat O, Rapee R, Wilkins G. Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and generalised anxiety disorder. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2018;52(12):1109\u201372.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2110_CR3","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Anxiety disorders: quality standard. London: Author; 2014. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/qs53."},{"issue":"4","key":"2110_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.5694\/mja14.00297","volume":"202","author":"MG Harris","year":"2015","unstructured":"Harris MG, Hobbs MJ, Burgess PM, Pirkis JE, Diminic S, Siskind DJ, Andrews G, Whiteford HA. Frequency and quality of mental health treatment for affective and anxiety disorders among Australian adults. Med J Aust. 2015;202(4):185\u20139.","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2110_CR5","unstructured":"Better Access to Psychiatrists, Psychologists and General Practitioners through the MBS (Better Access) initiative [https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/internet\/main\/publishing.nsf\/Content\/mental-ba]."},{"issue":"9","key":"2110_CR6","first-page":"605","volume":"42","author":"C Harrison","year":"2013","unstructured":"Harrison C, Bayram C, Britt H. Suicide-related contacts\u2013experience in general practice. Aust Fam Physician. 2013;42(9):605.","journal-title":"Aust Fam Physician"},{"issue":"10","key":"2110_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1440-1614.2004.01462.x","volume":"38","author":"CM Harrison","year":"2004","unstructured":"Harrison CM, Britt H, Harrison CM, Britt H. The rates and management of psychological problems in Australian general practice. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2004;38(10):781\u20138.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"2110_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0198400","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0198400","volume":"13","author":"LM Farrer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Farrer LM, Walker J, Harrison C, Banfield M. Primary care access for mental illness in Australia: Patterns of access to general practice from 2006 to 2016. PLoS One. 2018;13(6):e0198400.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"2110_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1071\/PY18150","volume":"25","author":"M Banfield","year":"2019","unstructured":"Banfield M, Farrer LM, Harrison C. Management or missed opportunity? Mental health care planning in Australian general practice. Aust J Prim Health. 2019;25(4):332\u20138.","journal-title":"Aust J Prim Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2110_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.5694\/mja12.10555","volume":"197","author":"C Harrison","year":"2012","unstructured":"Harrison C, Britt H, Charles J. Better Outcomes or Better Access-which was better for mental health care? Med J Aust. 2012;197(3):170\u20132.","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2110_CR11","volume-title":"General practice activity in Australia 2015\u201316","author":"H Britt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Britt H, Miller GC, Henderson J, Bayram C, Harrison C, Valenti L, Pan Y, Charles J, Pollack AJ, Wong C, et al. General practice activity in Australia 2015\u201316. In. Sydney: Sydney University Press; 2016."},{"key":"2110_CR12","unstructured":"Pirkis J, Currier D, Harris M, Mihalopoulos C. Evaluation of Better Access. Main Report. Parkville; 2022. https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/resources\/publications\/main-report-evaluation-of-the-better-access-initiative."},{"issue":"11","key":"2110_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713003243","volume":"44","author":"AJ Baxter","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baxter AJ, Vos T, Scott KM, Ferrari AJ. The global burden of anxiety disorders in 2010. Psychol Med. 2014;44(11):2363\u201374.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2110_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2015.17.3\/bbandelow","volume":"17","author":"B Bandelow","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bandelow B, Michaelis S. Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the 21st century. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015;17(3):327\u201335.","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2110_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3109\/13651501.2012.667114","volume":"16","author":"B Bandelow","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bandelow B, Sher L, Bunevicius R, Hollander E, Kasper S, Zohar J, M\u00f6ller H-J. Guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders, obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder in primary care. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2012;16(2):77\u201384.","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"2110_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867412466595","volume":"47","author":"CP Stephenson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stephenson CP, Karanges E, McGregor IS. Trends in the utilisation of psychotropic medications in Australia from 2000 to 2011. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2013;47(1):74\u201387.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2110_CR17","volume-title":"Alcohol, tobacco & other drugs in Australia","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare","year":"2021","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Alcohol, tobacco & other drugs in Australia. Canberra: AIHW; 2021."},{"key":"2110_CR18","volume-title":"Mental health services in Australia","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare","year":"2021","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Mental health services in Australia. Canberra: AIHW; 2021."},{"key":"2110_CR19","volume-title":"A decade of Australian general practice activity 2006\u201307 to 2015\u201316","author":"H Britt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Britt H, Miller GC, Bayram C, Henderson J, Valenti L, Harrison C, Pan Y, Charles J, Pollack AJ, Chambers T, et al. A decade of Australian general practice activity 2006\u201307 to 2015\u201316. Sydney: Sydney University Press; 2016."},{"key":"2110_CR20","volume-title":"International Classification of Primary Care PLUS (ICPC-2 PLUS)","author":"Family Medicine Research Centre","year":"1998","unstructured":"Family Medicine Research Centre. International Classification of Primary Care PLUS (ICPC-2 PLUS). Sydney: University of Sydney: FMRC; 1998."},{"key":"2110_CR21","volume-title":"ICPC-2: International Classification of Primary Care","author":"Classification Committee of the World Organization of Family Doctors","year":"1998","unstructured":"Classification Committee of the World Organization of Family Doctors. ICPC-2: International Classification of Primary Care. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1998.","edition":"2"},{"key":"2110_CR22","volume-title":"ATC\/DDD Index 2016","author":"World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology","year":"2015","unstructured":"World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology. ATC\/DDD Index 2016. Geneva: WHO; 2015."},{"key":"2110_CR23","volume-title":"Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas 2011","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics","year":"2013","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics. Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas 2011. 2013."},{"key":"2110_CR24","volume-title":"Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS): Volume 5 - Remoteness Structure","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics","year":"2011","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics. Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS): Volume 5 - Remoteness Structure. 2011."},{"key":"2110_CR25","volume-title":"SAS\/ACCESS\u00ae 9.4 Interface to ADABAS: Reference","author":"SAS Institute Inc","year":"2013","unstructured":"SAS Institute Inc. SAS\/ACCESS\u00ae 9.4 Interface to ADABAS: Reference. Cary: SAS Institute Inc.; 2013."},{"issue":"1","key":"2110_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2002.125015","volume":"36","author":"PC Austin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Austin PC, Hux JE. A brief note on overlapping confidence intervals. J Vasc Surg. 2002;36(1):194\u20135.","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"2110_CR27","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder in adults: management. London: Author; 2011. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/cg113."},{"key":"2110_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dawel A, Shou Y, Smithson M, Cherbuin N, Banfield M, Calear AL, Farrer LM, Gray D, Gulliver A, Housen T et al. The effect of COVID-19 on mental health and wellbeing in a representative sample of Australian adults. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11(1026):579985.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.579985"},{"issue":"10","key":"2110_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.51043","volume":"214","author":"PJ Batterham","year":"2021","unstructured":"Batterham PJ, Calear AL, McCallum SM, Morse AR, Banfield M, Farrer LM, Gulliver A, Cherbuin N, Rodney Harris RM, Shou Y, et al. Trajectories of depression and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in a representative Australian adult cohort. Med J Aust. 2021;214(10):462\u20138.","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2110_CR30","unstructured":"The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners: Prescribing drugs of dependence in general practice, Part B - Benzodiazepines. Melbourne; 2015. https:\/\/www.racgp.org.au\/clinical-resources\/clinical-guidelines\/key-racgp-guidelines\/view-all-racgp-guidelines\/drugs-of-dependence\/part-b."},{"issue":"5","key":"2110_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171200147X","volume":"43","author":"AJ Baxter","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baxter AJ, Scott KM, Vos T, Whiteford HA. Global prevalence of anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-regression. Psychol Med. 2013;43(5):897\u2013910.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2110_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796015000876","volume":"25","author":"MG Harris","year":"2016","unstructured":"Harris MG, Baxter AJ, Reavley N, Diminic S, Pirkis J, Whiteford HA. Gender-related patterns and determinants of recent help-seeking for past-year affective, anxiety and substance use disorders: findings from a national epidemiological survey. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2016;25(6):548\u201361.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2110_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2010.02.028","volume":"82","author":"A Delgado","year":"2011","unstructured":"Delgado A, L\u00f3pez-Fern\u00e1ndez L-A. Luna JdD, Saletti-Cuesta L, Gil N, Jim\u00e9nez M: The role of expectations in preferences of patients for a female or male general practitioner. Patient Educ Couns. 2011;82(1):49\u201357.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"issue":"4","key":"2110_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2011.tb03278.x","volume":"195","author":"CM Harrison","year":"2011","unstructured":"Harrison CM, Britt HC, Charles J. Sex of the GP\u201320 years on. Med J Aust. 2011;195(4):192\u20136.","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"issue":"2","key":"2110_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1375\/bech.25.2.71","volume":"25","author":"A Thompson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thompson A, Issakidis C, Hunt C. Delay to seek treatment for anxiety and mood disorders in an Australian clinical sample. Behav Chang. 2008;25(2):71\u201384.","journal-title":"Behav Chang"},{"issue":"4","key":"2110_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-6405.2007.00091.x","volume":"31","author":"A Windle","year":"2007","unstructured":"Windle A, Elliot E, Duszynski K, Moore V. Benzodiazepine prescribing in elderly Australian general practice patients. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2007;31(4):379\u201381.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2110_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2000.tb00715.x","volume":"24","author":"AF Jorm","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jorm AF, Grayson D, Creasey H, Waite L, Broe GA. Long-term benzodiazepine use by elderly people living in the community. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2000;24(1):7\u201310.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"2110_CR38","first-page":"923","volume":"36","author":"MG Sim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sim MG, Khong E, Wain TD. The prescribing dilemma of benzodiazepines. Aust Fam Physician. 2007;36(11):923\u20136.","journal-title":"Aust Fam Physician"},{"issue":"3","key":"2110_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-006-0021-3","volume":"22","author":"JM Cook","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cook JM, Marshall R, Masci C, Coyne JC. Physicians\u2019 perspectives on prescribing benzodiazepines for older adults: a qualitative study. J Gen Intern Med. 2007;22(3):303\u20137.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"2110_CR40","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment. London: Author; 2013. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/cg159."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2110_CR41","first-page":"85","volume":"32","author":"J Charles","year":"2003","unstructured":"Charles J, Valenti L, Britt H. GP visits by health care card holders A secondary analysis of data from Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health (BEACH), a national study of general practice activity in Australia. Australian Fam Physician. 2003;32(1\u20132):85\u20138.","journal-title":"Australian Fam Physician"},{"key":"2110_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.05.010","volume":"199","author":"JL Bastos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bastos JL, Harnois CE, Paradies YC. Health care barriers, racism, and intersectionality in Australia. Soc Sci Med. 2018;199:209\u201318.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2110_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1080\/13674670512331335686","volume":"9","author":"J Youssef","year":"2006","unstructured":"Youssef J, Deane FP. Factors influencing mental-health help-seeking in Arabic-speaking communities in Sydney, Australia. Ment Health Relig Cult. 2006;9(1):43\u201366.","journal-title":"Ment Health Relig Cult"},{"issue":"3","key":"2110_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1080\/13557858.2017.1332757","volume":"24","author":"A Misev","year":"2019","unstructured":"Misev A, Phillips CB. Dangerous sadness: nervoza among first and second generation Macedonian immigrants to Australia. Ethn Health. 2019;24(3):301\u201311.","journal-title":"Ethn Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2110_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2003.12.001","volume":"26","author":"DJF van Schaik","year":"2004","unstructured":"van Schaik DJF, Klijn AFJ, van Hout HPJ, van Marwijk HWJ, Beekman ATF, de Haan M, van Dyck R. Patients\u2019 preferences in the treatment of depressive disorder in primary care. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2004;26(3):184\u20139.","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"2110_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1037\/a0023126","volume":"27","author":"J Mohlman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mohlman J. A Community Based Survey of Older Adults\u2019 Preferences for Treatment of Anxiety. Psychol Aging. 2012;27:1182\u201390.","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"key":"2110_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2018.01.001","volume":"55","author":"G Andrews","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andrews G, Basu A, Cuijpers P, Craske MG, McEvoy P, English CL, Newby JM. Computer therapy for the anxiety and depression disorders is effective, acceptable and practical health care: an updated meta-analysis. J Anxiety Disord. 2018;55:70\u20138.","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"}],"container-title":["BMC Primary Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12875-023-02110-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12875-023-02110-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12875-023-02110-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T08:08:02Z","timestamp":1700640482000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcfampract.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12875-023-02110-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12875-023-02110-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2731-4553"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2731-4553","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 September 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 July 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 August 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Extraction and analysis of data for the current study was approved by the Australian National University Human Research Ethics Committee (Protocol: 2020\/542). Original data collection was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of Sydney (Protocol 2012\/130). At recruitment, patients or their legally authorized representatives were shown an information sheet explaining the study. This detailed that a) no identifying information would be recorded, b) they had the right to refuse to participate, and c) refusal would not influence the care they received at their GP visit. Data were collected anonymously, and the University of Sydney HREC directed that informed verbal consent be noted in the patient\u2019s record, as written consent would have identified the patient to the research team. All methods in this study were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Australian National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"ELP runs a sole-trader business as a psychologist in private practice. The authors declare that no other competing interests exist.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"156"}}