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Care"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Access to rehabilitation, a critical component of universal health coverage (UHC) remains limited, particularly in primary care (PC) and low-resource settings. To address this gap, the WHO Rehabilitation Programme developed the Basic Package of Interventions for Rehabilitation (Basic PIR). This toolkit is designed to empower PC non-rehabilitation workers to deliver a prioritised set of easy, safe and effective rehabilitation interventions through task-sharing. This article describes the participatory process used to develop the WHO's Basic PIR, specifically its list of interventions and guiding clinical resource.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The development of the Basic PIR utilized a three-phase participatory methodology. In Phase 1, interventions were extracted from the WHO\u2019s Package of Interventions for Rehabilitation (PIR) using feasibility criteria and prioritised via a two-stage modified Delphi process with an international Technical Working Group. Phase 2 structured these interventions into clinical targets by adapting existing WHO task-sharing frameworks and clinical practice guidelines. In Phase 3, the prototype resource was field-tested during 5-day training sessions with PC workers in Ghana and Fiji, using qualitative group discussions to evaluate usability and guide final structural revisions. This participatory process was coordinated by a five-member WHO Rehabilitation Programme internal review panel to optimize the tool for PC and low-resource settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Phase 1, thirteen functioning domains related to health conditions were identified, leading to the preselection of 188 out of 297 interventions for rehabilitation from the WHO\u2019s Package of Interventions for Rehabilitation, with 71 interventions ultimately included in the Basic PIR. In Phase 2, a prototype clinical resource with eight functioning domains and corresponding intervention targets was created. The preliminary field tests in Phase 3 resulted in specific modifications, including the revision of rehabilitation steps and the development of new patient handouts to improve usability and clarity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By promoting a functioning-based approach, the Basic PIR aims to improve access to rehabilitation services in primary care and low-resource settings, which has the potential to contribute to the achievement of UHC. Future pilot studies will evaluate its feasibility and acceptability, guiding its broader implementation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-026-03479-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T07:24:05Z","timestamp":1792135445000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Strengthening primary care with the world health organization\u2019s basic package of interventions for rehabilitation: developing a list of interventions and a clinical resource"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Abena","family":"Tannor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dima","family":"Touhami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antony","family":"Duttine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Rauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Kleinitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elanie","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alarcos","family":"Cieza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Sabariego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"3479_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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As such, it was not subject to formal institutional review board approval, according to World Health Organization policies for operational research and quality improvement activities.\u00a0The field tests conducted in\u00a0Ghana and Fiji\u00a0involved only health care workers and basic demographic information; they did\u00a0not require local ethics approval, as no patient data or case studies were collected.Ethical principles were strictly maintained in line with the Declaration of Helsinki.Prior to any research or evaluation activity, including the modified Delphi surveys, technical working group panels, and preliminary field tests, all participants were provided with comprehensive written information regarding the project's purpose, data usage, and confidentiality protocols. Informed consent was formally obtained from all participating healthcare workers and experts prior to their active participation, and all consent documentation was systematically recorded and filed by the facilitators.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Oral informed consent was obtained from all the participants in the study including the Technical Working Group and the health workers in the preliminary field test prior to their participation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"373"}}