{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:27:55Z","timestamp":1790141275330,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,18]],"date-time":"2018-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531872000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-018-0838-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,18]],"date-time":"2018-07-18T13:15:21Z","timestamp":1531919721000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Design of the Weight-loss Endoscopy Trial (WET): a multi-center, randomized, controlled trial comparing weight loss in endoscopically implanted duodenal-jejunal bypass liners vs. intragastric balloons vs. a sham procedure"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2654-3164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Hollenbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Prettin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Gundling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Schepp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Seufert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"R\u00f6sch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Aberle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Feisthammel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Petroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albrecht","family":"Hoffmeister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9492","key":"838_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67483-1","volume":"366","author":"DW Haslam","year":"2005","unstructured":"Haslam DW, James WP. Obesity. Lancet. 2005;366(9492):1197\u2013209.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"25 Suppl 2","key":"838_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S102","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee","volume":"129","author":"MD Jensen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, Ard JD, Comuzzie AG, Donato KA, et al. 2013 AHA\/ACC\/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines and the Obesity Society. Circulation. 2014;129(25 Suppl 2):S102\u201338.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"838_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4158\/EP161365.GL","volume":"22","author":"WT Garvey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Garvey WT, Mechanick JI, Brett EM, Garber AJ, Hurley DL, Jastreboff AM, et al. American ASSOCIATION of clinical endocrinologists and AMERICAN COLLEGE of endocrinology comprehensive clinical practice guidelines for medical care of patients with obesity. Endocr Pract. 2016;22(Suppl 3):1\u2013203.","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"9801","key":"838_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61344-5","volume":"378","author":"SA Jebb","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jebb SA, Ahern AL, Olson AD, Aston LM, Holzapfel C, Stoll J, et al. Primary care referral to a commercial provider for weight loss treatment versus standard care: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2011;378(9801):1485\u201392.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"838_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1159\/000336681","volume":"30","author":"HF Hammer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hammer HF. Medical complications of bariatric surgery: focus on malabsorption and dumping syndrome. Dig Dis. 2012;30(2):182\u20136.","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"838_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2013.3654","volume":"149","author":"SH Chang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chang SH, Stoll CR, Song J, Varela JE, Eagon CJ, Colditz GA. The effectiveness and risks of bariatric surgery: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis, 2003-2012. JAMA Surg. 2014;149(3):275\u201387.","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"838_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sullivan S, Edmundowicz SA, Thompson CC. Endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies: new and emerging technologies. Gastroenterology. 2017;","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.01.044"},{"issue":"6","key":"838_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1177\/1756283X11398737","volume":"4","author":"BK bu Dayyeh","year":"2011","unstructured":"bu Dayyeh BK, Thompson CC. Obesity and bariatrics for the endoscopist: new techniques. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2011;4(6):433\u201342.","journal-title":"Therap Adv Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"838_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.12.043","volume":"14","author":"RD Fanelli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fanelli RD, Andrew BD. Is Endoluminal bariatric therapy a new paradigm of treatment for obesity? Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;14(4):507\u201315.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"838_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1381\/09608920060674139","volume":"10","author":"WB De","year":"2000","unstructured":"De WB, Reynaert H, Urbain D, Willems G. Intragastric balloons for preoperative weight reduction. Obes Surg. 2000;10(1):58\u201360.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"838_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2015.03.1964","volume":"82","author":"BK bu Dayyeh","year":"2015","unstructured":"bu Dayyeh BK, Kumar N, Edmundowicz SA, Jonnalagadda S, Larsen M, Sullivan S, et al. ASGE bariatric endoscopy task force systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the ASGE PIVI thresholds for adopting endoscopic bariatric therapies. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015;82(3):425\u201338.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"4","key":"838_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-012-0829-3","volume":"23","author":"A Genco","year":"2013","unstructured":"Genco A, Lopez-Nava G, Wahlen C, Maselli R, Cipriano M, Sanchez MM, et al. Multi-Centre European experience with intragastric balloon in overweight populations: 13 years of experience. Obes Surg. 2013;23(4):515\u201321.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"838_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-012-0607-2","volume":"22","author":"K Kotzampassi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kotzampassi K, Grosomanidis V, Papakostas P, Penna S, Eleftheriadis E. 500 intragastric balloons: what happens 5 years thereafter? Obes Surg. 2012;22(6):896\u2013903.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"838_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-008-9593-9","volume":"18","author":"JM Dumonceau","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dumonceau JM. Evidence-based review of the Bioenterics intragastric balloon for weight loss. Obes Surg. 2008;18(12):1611\u20137.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"838_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(04)02406-X","volume":"61","author":"EM Mathus-Vliegen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mathus-Vliegen EM, Tytgat GN. Intragastric balloon for treatment-resistant obesity: safety, tolerance, and efficacy of 1-year balloon treatment followed by a 1-year balloon-free follow-up. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005;61(1):19\u201327.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"5","key":"838_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-007-9109-z","volume":"17","author":"MA Martinez-Brocca","year":"2007","unstructured":"Martinez-Brocca MA, Belda O, Parejo J, Jimenez L, del VA, Pereira JL, et al. Intragastric balloon-induced satiety is not mediated by modification in fasting or postprandial plasma ghrelin levels in morbid obesity. Obes Surg. 2007;17(5):649\u201357.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"838_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803094","volume":"30","author":"A Genco","year":"2006","unstructured":"Genco A, Cipriano M, Bacci V, Cuzzolaro M, Materia A, Raparelli L, et al. BioEnterics Intragastric balloon (BIB): a short-term, double-blind, randomised, controlled, crossover study on weight reduction in morbidly obese patients. Int J Obes. 2006;30(1):129\u201333.","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"issue":"9","key":"838_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-015-1594-x","volume":"25","author":"EG de Moura","year":"2015","unstructured":"de Moura EG, Lopes GS, Martins BC, Orso IR, Coutinho AM, de Oliveira SL, et al. Effects of duodenal-Jejunal bypass liner (EndoBarrier (R)) on gastric emptying in obese and type 2 diabetic patients. Obes Surg. 2015;25(9):1618\u201325.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"838_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181bdfbff","volume":"251","author":"R Schouten","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schouten R, Rijs CS, Bouvy ND, Hameeteman W, Koek GH, Janssen IM, et al. A multicenter, randomized efficacy study of the EndoBarrier gastrointestinal liner for presurgical weight loss prior to bariatric surgery. Ann Surg. 2010;251(2):236\u201343.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"838_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2009.11.051","volume":"71","author":"KS Gersin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gersin KS, Rothstein RI, Rosenthal RJ, Stefanidis D, Deal SE, Kuwada TS, et al. Open-label, sham-controlled trial of an endoscopic duodenojejunal bypass liner for preoperative weight loss in bariatric surgery candidates. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010;71(6):976\u201382.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"6","key":"838_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31825498c4","volume":"255","author":"A Escalona","year":"2012","unstructured":"Escalona A, Pimentel F, Sharp A, Becerra P, Slako M, Turiel D, et al. Weight loss and metabolic improvement in morbidly obese subjects implanted for 1 year with an endoscopic duodenal-jejunal bypass liner. Ann Surg. 2012;255(6):1080\u20135.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"838_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000000794","volume":"260","author":"P Koehestanie","year":"2014","unstructured":"Koehestanie P, de JC, Berends FJ, Janssen IM, Bouvy ND, Greve JW. The effect of the endoscopic duodenal-jejunal bypass liner on obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2014;260(6):984\u201392.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"838_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1007\/s00108-016-0096-9","volume":"57","author":"J Feisthammel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Feisthammel J, Bluher M, Mossner J, Hoffmeister A. Endoscopic treatment of obesity and complications following bariatric surgery. Internist (Berl). 2016;57(8):748\u201354.","journal-title":"Internist (Berl)"},{"issue":"6","key":"838_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2016.01.051","volume":"83","author":"D Petroff","year":"2016","unstructured":"Petroff D, Hoffmeister A. Excess weight loss should not be used to define success for bariatric endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2016;83(6):1306.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"838_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E279","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2814","volume":"98","author":"RV Cohen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cohen RV, Neto MG, Correa JL, Sakai P, Martins B, Schiavon CA, et al. A pilot study of the duodenal-jejunal bypass liner in low body mass index type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(2):E279\u201382.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"838_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-013-0921-3","volume":"23","author":"JC de","year":"2013","unstructured":"de JC, Rensen SS, Verdam FJ, Vincent RP, Bloom SR, Buurman WA, et al. Endoscopic duodenal-jejunal bypass liner rapidly improves type 2 diabetes. Obes Surg. 2013;23(9):1354\u201360.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"838_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E21","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1365222","volume":"2","author":"P Koehestanie","year":"2014","unstructured":"Koehestanie P, Dogan K, Berends F, Janssen I, Wahab P, Groenen M, et al. Duodenal-jejunal bypass liner implantation provokes rapid weight loss and improved glycemic control, accompanied by elevated fasting ghrelin levels. Endosc Int Open. 2014;2(1):E21\u20137.","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"838_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-013-0454-3","volume":"16","author":"R Munoz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Munoz R, Escalona A. Duodenal-jejunal bypass liner to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus in morbidly obese patients. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2014;16(3):454.","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"838_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-013-3283-y","volume":"28","author":"R Munoz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Munoz R, Dominguez A, Munoz F, Munoz C, Slako M, Turiel D, et al. Baseline glycated hemoglobin levels are associated with duodenal-jejunal bypass liner-induced weight loss in obese patients. Surg Endosc. 2014;28(4):1056\u201362.","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"838_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-016-2405-8","volume":"27","author":"N Vilarrasa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vilarrasa N. EndoBarrier(R) in grade I obese patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes: role of gastrointestinal hormones in glucose metabolism. Obes Surg. 2017;27(1):194\u20135.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"838_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2013.07.029","volume":"11","author":"JC de","year":"2013","unstructured":"de JC, Rensen SS, Koek GH, Joosten MF, Buurman WA, Bouvy ND, et al. Endoscopic duodenal-jejunal bypass liner rapidly improves plasma parameters of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;11(11):1517\u201320.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"18","key":"838_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200105033441801","volume":"344","author":"J Tuomilehto","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson JG, Valle TT, Hamalainen H, Ilanne-Parikka P, et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(18):1343\u201350.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"838_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1514009","volume":"376","author":"SB Heymsfield","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heymsfield SB, Wadden TA. Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and Management of Obesity. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(3):254\u201366.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-018-0838-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12876-018-0838-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-018-0838-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]],"date-time":"2019-09-24T20:47:04Z","timestamp":1569358024000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12876-018-0838-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,18]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["838"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-018-0838-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-230X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-230X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 November 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 June 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 July 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The final study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Leipzig (Kaethe-Kollwitz-Str. 82, 04109 Leipzig; Germany; Trial registration number: DRKS00011036 on DRKS at 16th January 2017) in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki, the \u201cMedical Association\u2019s Professional Code of Conduct\u201d and the principles of ICH-GCP guidelines (issued in June 1996, ISO14155 from 2012). In addition, the German Medical Devices Act (MPG, \u00a7\u00a7 20-23a) was followed. Furthermore, local legal and regulatory authorities as well as the medical secrecy and the Federal Data Protection Act will be followed. All local ethics committees of the participating centers consented to the master ethics committee approval. Prior to enrollment, each patient will be given detailed information about the aims, scope and possible consequences of the trial by a physician. No diagnostic or interventional procedures required for the clinical trial will be performed without obtaining written consent from the patient.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"118"}}