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Plasma complement components were measured with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlative analysis were assessed between the levels of complement components and the liver failure related index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The concentrations of C3 was 6568\u2009\u03bcg\/ml in the HBV-ACLF group, 8916\u2009\u03bcg\/ml in the CHB group and 15,653\u2009\u03bcg\/ml in the control group, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u2009\u00a00.05). The concentrations of C3a was 852\u2009ng\/ml in the HBV-ACLF group, 1008\u2009ng\/ml in the CHB group and 1755\u2009ng\/ml in the control group, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u2009\u00a00.05). The concentrations of C1q was 50,509\u2009ng\/ml in the HBV-ACLF group, 114,640\u2009ng\/ml in the CHB group and 177,001\u2009ng\/ml in the control group, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u2009\u00a00.05). The concentrations of C1q, C3, C3a, C4, C4a and sC5b-9 were significantly higher in the control group than those in the HBV-ACLF group (3.5, 2.4, 2.1, 1.4, 1.3 and 6.0 fold, respectively). However, there was no statistical significance of the differences in the plasma concentrations of mannose binding lectin and factor B between the HBV-ACLF group and control group. The levels of C3 and C3a were inversely correlated with MELDs or CLIF-C OFs (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u2009\u00a00.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our analysis demonstrated that the activation of the classical pathway mediated by C1q may play an important role in the pathogenesis of HBV-ACLF. Furthermore, the plasma levels of C3 and C3a may be potential novel biomarkers in predicting the outcome of HBV-ACLF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-020-01258-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T06:03:05Z","timestamp":1586930585000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Lower level of complement component C3 and C3a in the plasma means poor outcome in the patients with hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng-Qi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang-Kang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Xian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing-Guang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Ming","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1258_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-014-9580-2","volume":"8","author":"SK Sarin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sarin SK, Kedarisetty CK, Abbas Z, Amarapurkar D, Bihari C, Chan AC, et al. 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If the participants were less than 18\u2009years old, the written consent was instead obtained from the parents\/legal guardians of these participants on their behalf. Clinical samples were collected from patients after written informed consent was obtained.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"106"}}