{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T12:41:33Z","timestamp":1793191293074,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report our experience of treating anastomotic strictures using a novel type of fully covered metal stent (FCSEMS). This stent, known as the Kaffes Stent, is short-length with an antimigration waist and is easily removable due to long retrieval wires deployed within the duodenum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-two patients underwent ERCP and Kaffes stent insertion for post-transplant anastomotic strictures following confirmation of a stricture on MRCP. These patients were retrospectively analysed for immediate and long-term stricture resolution, improvement in symptoms and liver function tests (LFTs), stricture recurrence and complication rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 56 patients who had their stent removed at the time of analysis, 54 (96%) had immediate stricture resolution and 42 continued to have long-term resolution (mean follow-up period was 548\u2009days). Of the 16 patients with symptoms of biliary obstruction, 13 had resolution of their symptoms. Overall, there was a significant improvement in LFTs after stent removal compared to before stent insertion. Complication rates were 15% with only one patient requiring biliary reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Kaffes stent is effective and safe at resolving post liver transplant biliary anastomotic strictures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-020-01479-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T06:03:16Z","timestamp":1602050596000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A unique type of fully covered metal stent for the management of post liver transplant biliary anastomotic strictures"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8013-6319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben","family":"Warner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Farman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Devlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Reffitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasser","family":"El-Sherif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirin E.","family":"Khorsandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Prachalias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam Cortes","family":"Cerisuelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krish","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayel","family":"Jassem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parthi","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hector","family":"Vilca-Melendez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Heneghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Heaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1479_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21509","volume":"14","author":"S Sharma","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sharma S, Gurakar A, Jabbour N. Biliary strictures following liver transplantation: past, present and preventive strategies. Liver Transpl. 2008;14:759\u201369.","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"1479_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2017.04.002","volume":"31","author":"FJM Roos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Roos FJM, Poley JW, Polak WG, et al. Biliary complications after liver transplantation; recent developments in etiology, diagnosis and endoscopic treatment. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2017;31:227\u201335.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1479_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20644","volume":"12","author":"IW Graziadei","year":"2006","unstructured":"Graziadei IW, Schwaighofer H, Koch R, et al. Long-term outcome of endoscopic treatment of biliary strictures after liver transplantation. 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Liver Transpl. 2009;15(11):1493\u20138.","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"3","key":"1479_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2007.06.057","volume":"67","author":"M Kahaleh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kahaleh M, Behm B, Clarke BW, et al. Temporary placement of covered self-expandable metal stents in benign biliary strictures: a new paradigm? (with video). Gastrointest Endosc. 2008;67(3):446\u201354.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"1479_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2010.09.039","volume":"73","author":"DH Park","year":"2011","unstructured":"Park DH, Lee SS, Lee TH, et al. Anchoring flap versus flared end, fully covered self-expandable metal stents to prevent migration in patients with benign biliary strictures: a multicenter, prospective, comparative pilot study (with videos). 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Endosc Int Open. 2018;6(8):E914\u201323.","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"}],"container-title":["BMC Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-020-01479-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12876-020-01479-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-020-01479-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]],"date-time":"2021-10-06T22:13:32Z","timestamp":1633558412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12876-020-01479-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-020-01479-6","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-17342\/v3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-17342\/v4","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-17342\/v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-17342\/v2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-230X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-230X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 February 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 September 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was not required as insertion of the Kaffes stent was our normal standard of care \u2013 therefore deemed unnecessary by national regulations. We have consent for publication of images submitted.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"None.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"329"}}