{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T10:14:32Z","timestamp":1771064072420,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]],"date-time":"2020-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]],"date-time":"2020-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract is a rare low-grade clonal lymphoid proliferation, included as a provisional entity in the current World Health Organization classification. The disease is generally localized to the gastrointestinal tract, mainly small bowel and colon. Involvement of other organs is infrequently reported. The majority of patients show a protracted clinical course with persistent disease. A prolonged survival, even without treatment, is common.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A 28-year-old woman had a 2-year history of dyspepsia and lactose intolerance. Autoimmune diseases and celiac disease were excluded. No gross lesions were identified by endoscopy. Multiple gastric biopsies showed a small-sized lymphoid infiltrate, expanding the lamina propria, with a non-destructive appearance. The lymphoid cells were positive for CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7 and negative for CD20, CD8, CD56, CD103, PD1, CD30, ALK1, CD10, BCL6, perforin, TIA-1, Granzyme B and Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA. KI-67 index was low (5%). Molecular analysis revealed a clonal T-cell receptor \u03b3 rearrangement. Bone marrow was microscopically free of disease, but molecular testing identified the same T-cell receptor \u03b3 rearrangement present in the gastric biopsies. After the diagnosis of indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, the patient received steroid therapy, only for 2\u00a0months. She is alive, with a stable disease restricted to the stomach, at 12\u00a0months from diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder is usually a disease of adulthood (median age: 51 yrs). The small bowel and colon are the sites most commonly involved. Our case occurred in a young woman and affected the stomach, sparing small intestine and colon. Clonality testing identified involvement of bone marrow, a site infrequently affected in this disease. Our aim is focusing on the main diagnostic issues. If appropriate immunostainings and molecular analysis are not performed, the subtle infiltrate may be easily overlooked. The risk of misdiagnosis as more aggressive lymphomas, causing patient overtreatment, needs also to be considered.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-020-01488-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]],"date-time":"2020-10-14T11:02:56Z","timestamp":1602673376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract: a tricky diagnosis of a gastric case"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Magda","family":"Zanelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9841-7856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Zizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Sanguedolce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Soriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Castro Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valerio","family":"Annessi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Ascani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1488_CR1","volume-title":"WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues","author":"SH Swerdlow","year":"2017","unstructured":"Swerdlow SH. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. 4th ed. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2017.","edition":"4"},{"issue":"4","key":"1488_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19940215)73:4<1286::AID-CNCR2820730425>3.0.CO;2-9","volume":"73","author":"F Carbonnel","year":"1994","unstructured":"Carbonnel F, Lavergne A, Messing B, Tsapis A, Berger R, Galian A, Nemeth J, Brouet JC, Rambaud JC. Extensive small intestinal T-cell lymphoma of low-grade malignancy associated with a new chromosomal translocation. Cancer. 1994;73(4):1286\u201391.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"22","key":"1488_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-07-512830","volume":"122","author":"AM Perry","year":"2013","unstructured":"Perry AM, Warnke RA, Hu Q, Gaulard P, Copie-Bergman C, Alkan S, Wang HY, Cheng JX, Bacon CM, Delabie J, Ranheim E, Kucuk C, Hu X, Weisenburger DD, Jaffe ES, Chan WC. Indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Blood. 2013;122(22):3599\u2013606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2013-07-512830.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"1488_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.2317","volume":"35","author":"R Matnani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Matnani R, Ganapathi KA, Lewis SK, Green PH, Alobeid B, Bhagat G. Indolent T- and NK-cell lymphoproliferative disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: a review and update. Hematol Oncol. 2017;35(1):3\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hon.2317.","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1488_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2019.08.001","volume":"37","author":"CR Soderquist","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soderquist CR, Bhagat G. Gastrointestinal T- and NK-cell lymphomas and indolent lymphoproliferative disorders. 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Patient gave consent to participate.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from patient for publication of this Case Report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"336"}}