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Therefore, it is difficult to decide the appropriate treatments for these subtypes of UC. Our aim was to examine whether the discriminant equation using the mucosally expressed mediators designed as our previous study for IBD, could characterize IBD-U, PSC-UC, or AIP-UC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 56 patients including UC (n\u2009=\u200924), CD (n\u2009=\u200915), IBD-U (n\u2009=\u200910), PSC-UC (n\u2009=\u20094), and AIP-UC (n\u2009=\u20093), along with 9 control patients were enrolled in this study. Mucosally expressed inflammatory mediators related to Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg were measured using quantitative PCR in endoscopic biopsies from the inflamed intestines of the patients. The IBD-U, PSC-UC or AIP-UC were characterized using discriminant analysis and principle component analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Through discriminant analyses, combinations of 3 to 7 inflammatory mediators were used to discriminate between UC and CD. Moreover, the identified 3 markers could diagnose patients with IBD-U as UC or CD with high accuracy. The distribution graph of inflammatory mediators using the principal component analysis revealed that PSC-UC and AIP-UC exhibited CD-like and UC-like features, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The discriminant equation using mucosally expressed mediators of IL-13, IL-21 and T-bet can be used as a universal diagnostic tool not only for IBD-U but also to assess pathological conditions in PSC-UC and AIP-UC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-021-01656-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T17:20:26Z","timestamp":1613582426000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Discriminant equation using mucosally expressed cytokines and transcription factor for making definite diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease unclassified"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Okuno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruei","family":"Ogino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eikichi","family":"Ihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Nishioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshimasa","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takatoshi","family":"Chinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoyuki","family":"Kohjima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takamasa","family":"Oono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masatake","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Goya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nao","family":"Fujimori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichiro","family":"Iboshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuji","family":"Gotoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"1656_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-018-1439-1","volume":"53","author":"K Matsuoka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Matsuoka K, Kobayashi T, Ueno F, Matsui T, Hirai F, Inoue N, et al. 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The study protocol was approved by the institutional review boards of all the study sites involved. All patients agreed to participate and signed an informed consent form before participation, and all of them were informed of the potential but rare risk of bleeding during biopsy. This study has been registered with the Kyushu University Hospital under identification number 30\u2013472.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Consent for publication were obtained from all patients.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Eikichi Ihara belongs to an endowed course supported by the companies including Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Fujifilm Medical Co., Ltd., Terumo Corporation, Fancl Corporation, and Ohga Pharmacy. Takuji Gotoda receipts of honoraria from the companies including Fujifilm Holdings co., Fujifilm medical co. Ltd., Daiichi-sankyo co, Ltd. for giving educational lectures. All the other authors declare no competing interest with this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"73"}}