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Probiotics are a group of the beneficial bacteria which increase the cure rate of\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections through various mechanisms such as competitive inhibition, co-aggregation ability, enhancing mucus production, production of bacteriocins, and modulating immune response.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, according to the received articles, the anti-\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      activities of probiotics were reviewed. Based on studies, administration of standard antibiotic therapy combined with probiotics plays an important role in the effective treatment of\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection. According to the literature,\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus casei<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus reuteri<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      GG, and\n                      <jats:italic>Saccharomyces boulardii<\/jats:italic>\n                      can effectively eradicate\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection. Our results showed that in addition to decrease gastrointestinal symptoms, probiotics can reduce the side effects of antibiotics (especially diarrhea) by altering the intestinal microbiome.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nevertheless, antagonist activities of probiotics are\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      strain-specific. In general, these bacteria can be used for therapeutic purposes such as adjuvant therapy, drug-delivery system, as well as enhancing immune system against\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-021-01977-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T05:26:59Z","timestamp":1634707619000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Probiotics as the live microscopic fighters against Helicobacter pylori gastric infections"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Masoud","family":"Keikha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Karbalaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1977_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genrep.2020.100735","volume":"20","author":"M Karbalaei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karbalaei M, Khorshidi M, Sisakht-pour B, Ghazvini K, Farsiani H, Youssefi M, et al. 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