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Vitamin D (Vit D) supplementation is believed to improve the condition of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) patients. However, there is limited evidence on the effect of Vit D supplementation on the EEE-induced alterations. This study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term supplementation of Vit D on the liver enzymes and lipid profile alterations following EEE in overweight women with NAFLD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this clinical trial, 22 overweight women with NAFLD were randomly divided into experimental and control (n\u2009=\u200911 in each). The experimental group consumed 2000\u00a0IU of Vit D per day for six weeks; the control group consumed a lactose placebo daily with the same color, shape, and warmth percentage. Two treadmill EEE sessions were performed before and after the six-week Vit D supplementation. Blood was taken from the antecubital vein to measure the liver enzymes, lipid profile, and Vit D at four stages: Pre 1(before the first EEE session), Post 1(after the first EEE session), Pre 2 (before the second EEE session), and Post 2 (after the second EEE session).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results indicate that Vit D supplementation significantly reduced Bodyweight (BW;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.047), Body Mass Index (BMI;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.044), Body Fat Percentage (BFP;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) in the experimental group. Additionally, the results showed increased liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and GGT) and lipid profile (TC, TG, and LDL) following EEE. While the HDL levels decreased significantly after EEE. Compared with control, the results of the independent t-test showed significantly lower ALT (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), AST (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), and GGT (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001); while significantly higher Vit D (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) in the experimental in both Pre 2 and Post 2; receptively. Also, significantly lower TC (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), TG (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), and LDL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001); while significantly higher HDL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) were observed in the experimental group compared to the control in both Pre 2 and Post 2; receptively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vit D supplementation reduces the liver enzymes and improves lipid profile alterations following EEE in overweight women with NAFLD. Thus, Vit D supplementation can be considered a functional supplement to improve the EEE-induced alteration.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Trial registration<\/jats:italic>: The trial was in the Iranian Clinical Trial Registration Center under the (IRCT20201130049538N1) on 05\/07\/2021.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-022-02457-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]],"date-time":"2022-08-05T03:21:17Z","timestamp":1659669677000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Alterations of liver enzymes and lipid profile in response to exhaustive eccentric exercise: vitamin D supplementation trial in overweight females with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"irct20201130049538n1","registry":"10.18810\/irct"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3030-6698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Rahimpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8685-2471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rastegar","family":"Hoseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4987-9872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasser","family":"Behpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"2457_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12973","volume":"19","author":"K Cusi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cusi K, Sanyal AJ, Zhang S, Hartman ML, Bue-Valleskey JM, Hoogwerf BJ, Haupt A. 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This study was registered in the Iranian Clinical Trial Registration Center (Code: IRCT20201130049538N1 on 05\/07\/2021). All procedures were under the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. Informed consent was obtained from all patients being included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"372"}}