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Associations between genotypes, biochemical and clinical parameters were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Genotypic distributions for <jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TM6SF2<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms conformed to Hardy\u2013Weinberg equilibrium and did not associate with fibrosis grades\u2009\u2265\u2009F2 or cirrhosis in any of the genetic models tested (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). <jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TM6SF2<\/jats:italic> variants did not modulate baseline characteristics and serum markers of liver injury in CHC patients. Similarly, increasing number of risk alleles of <jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TM6SF2<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms had no trend effect on serum liver enzyme activities or proportion of CHC patients with significant or advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The same trend of no association with hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis persisted in the multivariate logistic regression models adjusting for age, gender, body mass index and HCV viral load (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2009&gt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TM6SF2<\/jats:italic> variants do not appear to modulate development of hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis in present CHC patients of Pakistani origin, and may be of more relevance in liver pathology involving abnormalities in hepatic fat accumulation. These results also reflect the divergent associations observed for different genetic modifiers of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in distinct ethnicities.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-022-02469-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T07:06:09Z","timestamp":1661497569000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 genetic variants and hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in Pakistani chronic hepatitis C patients: a genetic association study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Bisma","family":"Rauff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Badr","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shafiq A.","family":"Chudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilal","family":"Nasir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saqib","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munir Ahmad","family":"Bhinder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Faheem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Amar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2469_CR1","unstructured":"Hepatitis C fact sheet [https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-c]."},{"issue":"1","key":"2469_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4403-7","volume":"19","author":"S Mahmud","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mahmud S, Al Kanaani Z, Abu-Raddad LJ. 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