{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T18:28:37Z","timestamp":1783708117863,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSC 100-2314-B-006-026-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 100-2314-B-006-026-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008903","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOHW 110-TDU-B-211-124003, MOHW 109-TDU-B-211-114003, MOHW108-TDU-B-211-133003, MOHW 107-TDU-B-211-123003, MOHW106-TDU-B-211-113003, MOHW105-TDU-B-211-113002, MOHW104-TDU-B-211-113002, MOHW103-TDU-B-211-113002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOHW 110-TDU-B-211-124003, MOHW 109-TDU-B-211-114003, MOHW108-TDU-B-211-133003, MOHW 107-TDU-B-211-123003, MOHW106-TDU-B-211-113003, MOHW105-TDU-B-211-113002, MOHW104-TDU-B-211-113002, MOHW103-TDU-B-211-113002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008903","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004844","name":"National Cheng Kung University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NCKUH-10104002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCKUH-10104002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients with Rockall scores \u22656 have an increased risk of long-term peptic ulcer rebleeding. This study was aimed toward investigating whether an extended course of oral esomeprazole up to 1 year decreased ulcer rebleeding in such patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We prospectively enrolled 120 patients with peptic ulcer bleeding and Rockall scores \u22656. After an initial 16-week oral proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment, patients were randomized to receive a 36-week course of oral twice-daily esomeprazole 20\u2009mg (Group D, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200960) or once-daily (Group S, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200960). Thereafter, they were divided into the PPI-on-demand (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200932) and PPI-discontinued (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200977) subgroups. Our previous cohort with Rockall scores \u22656 served as the controls (Group C, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009135); they received only an initial 8- to 16-week oral PPI. The primary and secondary outcomes were peptic ulcer rebleeding during the first year and the second year-and-thereafter, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>For the primary outcome, groups D and S comprised a higher proportion of rebleeding-free than Group C (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008 and 0.03, log-rank test). The competing-risks regression analysis confirmed that extended PPI use and American Society of Anesthesiologists classification were independent factors contributing to the primary outcome. For the secondary outcome, PPI-on-demand had a borderline higher proportion of rebleeding-free than Group C (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.07, log-rank test); however, only the Rockall score was the independent factor.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>An extended 36-week course of oral esomeprazole 20\u2009mg, twice- or once-daily for patients with Rockall scores \u22656 reduced ulcer rebleeding during the first year, but the effect needed to be further validated when PPIs were shifted to on-demand or discontinued thereafter (NCT02456012, 28\/05\/2015).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-022-02534-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T07:04:07Z","timestamp":1666335847000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An extended 36-week oral esomeprazole improved long-term recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding in patients at high risk of rebleeding"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Hsueh-Chien","family":"Chiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Er-Hsiang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huang-Ming","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Lun","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Tai","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deng-Chyang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bor-Shyang","family":"Sheu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiu-Chi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2534_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Laine L, Barkun AN, Saltzman JR, Martel M, Leontiadis GI. 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The study design was approved by the National Cheng Kung University Hospital Institutional Review Board (approval number: A-BR-104-007). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare neither financial nor non-financial relationship with any company involved in this study. There is no conflict of interest involved in this submission.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"439"}}