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This study aimed to clarify the status of HRS in Japan by analyzing the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients hospitalized for cirrhosis and HRS from July 2010 to March 2019 were sampled. They were divided into two groups according to their prognosis upon discharge: the transplant-free survival group and the death or liver transplantation group. The two groups\u2019 baseline patient characteristics and treatments were compared.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The mean age of the 1,412 participants was 67.3\u00a0years (standard deviation: 12.3\u00a0years), and 65.4% were male. The Child\u2013Pugh grades was B and C in 18.8% and 81.2%, respectively. Hepatocellular carcinoma was present in 27.1% of the patients, and the proportion of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis was 2.3%. Albumin, noradrenaline, and dopamine were administered to 57.9%, 8.0%, and 14.9% of the patients, respectively; 7.0% of the patients underwent renal replacement therapy; and 5.0% were admitted to the intensive care unit. Intravenous antibiotics were administered to 30.8% of the patients. A total of 925 patients (65.5%) died or underwent liver transplantation. In addition to a higher proportion of patients with poor baseline liver function, the death or liver transplantation group included more males, patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and those with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>HRS in Japan has a high mortality rate. Albumin was administered to over 50% of participants. Although noradrenaline is recommended in Japanese clinical guidelines, dopamine was more frequently used as a vasoconstrictor in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-023-02858-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]],"date-time":"2023-06-23T10:39:16Z","timestamp":1687516756000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Treatment and outcome of hepatorenal syndrome in Japan: a retrospective cohort study using a national inpatient database"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Okushin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hayato","family":"Yamana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Tateishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaya","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeya","family":"Tsutsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyohide","family":"Fushimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Yasunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Koike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhiro","family":"Fujishiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2858_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230122","volume":"23","author":"V Arroyo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Arroyo V, Gines P, Gerbes AL, Dudley FJ, Gentilini P, Laffi G, Reynolds TB, Ring-Larsen H, Scholmerich J. 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