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This investigation focused on delineating the activation profiles of these components and their correlation with disease severity and activity, assessing their diagnostic implications in UC.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We conducted immunohistochemistry and ELISA assays to measure markers expression of CD4 T cell subsets and the NLRP3 inflammasome in UC patients versus controls. Findings were validated using correlation analysis, molecular docking and ROC curves.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>UC patients displayed increased Th1 (T-bet, TNF-\u03b1), Th2 (GATA3, IL-6), and Th17 (ROR\u03b3t, IL-17, IL-22, IL-23) markers versus controls. Additionally, Th1 and Th2 cytokines (IL-2 and IL-4) were significantly elevated in severe UC, while Treg markers (FOXP3, IL-10, TGF-\u03b21) were elevated only in mild-to-moderate UC. Enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, indicated by elevated NLRP3, Caspase-1, and IL-1\u03b2 levels. These molecular patterns, confirmed through correlation analysis and molecular docking, underscored strong correlations among NLRP3, T-bet, and GATA3, supporting the proposed NLRP3\/T-bet\/GATA3 axis. This axis, along with other biomarkers, showed strong associations with UC severity, Mayo score, UCEIS, demonstrated relatively high diagnostic value.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The NLRP3\/T-bet\/GATA3 axis provides a referable strategy for multi-targeted combined treatment of UC and may serve as potential biomarkers for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and guiding therapy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-025-03603-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T02:05:04Z","timestamp":1737425104000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Correlation and diagnostic significance of CD4 T cell subsets and NLRP3 inflammasome in ulcerative colitis: the role of the NLRP3\/T-bet\/GATA3 axis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yingnan","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dian","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jintao","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linying","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ninping","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengyong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dechang","family":"Diao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"3603_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.15389","volume":"330","author":"B Gros","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gros B, Kaplan GG. 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