{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T15:03:51Z","timestamp":1775833431870,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737072000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-025-03612-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T06:56:30Z","timestamp":1737356190000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Association between neutrophil-albumin ratio and ultrasound-defined metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in U.S. adults: evidence from NHANES 2017\u20132018"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ming-yu","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin-jie","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"3612_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-024-00574-z","volume":"13","author":"F Abdelhameed","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abdelhameed F, Kite C, Lagojda L, Dallaway A, Chatha KK, Chaggar SS, et al. Non-invasive scores and serum biomarkers for fatty liver in the era of metabolic dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): a Comprehensive Review from NAFLD to MAFLD and MASLD. Curr Obes Rep. 2024;13(3):510\u201331.","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"3612_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.03.039","volume":"73","author":"M Eslam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eslam M, Newsome PN, Sarin SK, Anstee QM, Targher G, Romero-Gomez M, et al. A new definition for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: an international expert consensus statement. J Hepatol. 2020;73(1):202\u20139.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3612_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22796","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-74193-y","volume":"14","author":"M Szudzik","year":"2024","unstructured":"Szudzik M, Hutsch T, Chabowski D, Zajdel M, Ufnal M. Normal caloric intake with high-fat diet induces metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and dyslipidemia without obesity in rats. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):22796.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"3612_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.03.040","volume":"79","author":"MH Le","year":"2023","unstructured":"Le MH, Le DM, Baez TC, Wu Y, Ito T, Lee EY, et al. Global incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 63 studies and 1,201,807 persons. J Hepatol. 2023;79(2):287\u201395.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3612_CR5","first-page":"691","volume":"73","author":"G Targher","year":"2024","unstructured":"Targher G, Byrne CD, Tilg H. MASLD: a systemic metabolic disorder with cardiovascular and malignant complications. Gut. 2024;73(4):691\u2013702.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"8","key":"3612_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-023-01242-8","volume":"25","author":"OO Badmus","year":"2023","unstructured":"Badmus OO, Hinds TD Jr., Stec DE. Mechanisms linking metabolic-Associated fatty liver Disease (MAFLD) to Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2023;25(8):151\u201362.","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"issue":"32","key":"3612_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4831","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v29.i32.4831","volume":"29","author":"L Petagine","year":"2023","unstructured":"Petagine L, Zariwala MG, Patel VB. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: immunological mechanisms and current treatments. World J Gastroenterol. 2023;29(32):4831\u201350.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"3612_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abenavoli L, Boccuto L, Federico A, Dallio M, Loguercio C, Di Renzo L et al. Diet and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the Mediterranean Way. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(17).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16173011"},{"key":"3612_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087260","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1087260","volume":"13","author":"L Rong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rong L, Zou J, Ran W, Qi X, Chen Y, Cui H, et al. Advancements in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:1087260.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"9","key":"3612_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvad095","volume":"119","author":"C Grander","year":"2023","unstructured":"Grander C, Grabherr F, Tilg H. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: pathophysiological concepts and treatment options. Cardiovasc Res. 2023;119(9):1787\u201398.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"39","key":"3612_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5919","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i39.5919","volume":"26","author":"A Campos-Murguia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Campos-Murguia A, Ruiz-Margain A, Gonzalez-Regueiro JA, Macias-Rodriguez RU. Clinical assessment and management of liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2020;26(39):5919\u201343.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"3612_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S171","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2022.0426","volume":"29","author":"TC Yip","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yip TC, Lyu F, Lin H, Li G, Yuen PC, Wong VW, et al. Non-invasive biomarkers for liver inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: present and future. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2023;29(Suppl):S171\u201383.","journal-title":"Clin Mol Hepatol"},{"key":"3612_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robea MA, Balmus IM, Girleanu I, Huiban L, Muzica C, Ciobica A et al. Coagulation dysfunctions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-oxidative stress and inflammation relevance. Med (Kaunas). 2023;59(9).","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59091614"},{"issue":"5","key":"3612_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-020-2582-1","volume":"11","author":"X Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao X, Yang L, Chang N, Hou L, Zhou X, Yang L, et al. Neutrophils undergo switch of apoptosis to NETosis during murine fatty liver injury via S1P receptor 2 signaling. Cell Death Dis. 2020;11(5):379.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"3612_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2250324","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202250324","volume":"53","author":"C Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang C, Fan X, Shen Y, Shen M, Yang L. Neutrophil subsets in noncancer liver diseases: Cellular crosstalk and therapeutic targets. Eur J Immunol. 2023;53(9):e2250324.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"3612_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2019.1693056","volume":"51","author":"L Sun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sun L, Yin H, Liu M, Xu G, Zhou X, Ge P, et al. Impaired albumin function: a novel potential indicator for liver function damage? Ann Med. 2019;51(7\u20138):333\u201344.","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"3612_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14589","volume":"28","author":"CC Lan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lan CC, Su WL, Yang MC, Chen SY, Wu YK. Predictive role of neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratios for mortality in patients with COPD: evidence from NHANES 2011\u20132018. Respirology. 2023;28(12):1136\u201346.","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"3612_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337241","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1337241","volume":"15","author":"K Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu K, Tang S, Liu C, Ma J, Cao X, Yang X, et al. Systemic immune-inflammatory biomarkers (SII, NLR, PLR and LMR) linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1337241.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3612_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-023-01861-9","volume":"22","author":"CF Lu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lu CF, Cang XM, Liu WS, Wang LH, Huang HY, Sang SM, et al. Association between the platelet\/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: results from NHANES 2017\u20132020. Lipids Health Dis. 2023;22(1):130.","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"3612_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reuma.2022.05.002","volume":"19","author":"DE Kamal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kamal DE, Zaghlol RS, Hussien MHS, Makarm WK. Utility of neutrophil\/albumin ratio and C-reactive protein\/albumin ratio as novel inflammatory markers in Behcet\u2019s disease. Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed). 2023;19(4):188\u201396.","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3612_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20759","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-44842-9","volume":"13","author":"J Yao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yao J, Xu X, Gong K, Tu H, Xu Z, Ye S, et al. Prognostic value of neutrophil count to albumin ratio in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):20759.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3612_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu CF, Chien LW. Predictive role of Neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) in nonalcoholic fatty liver Disease and Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Nondiabetic US adults: evidence from NHANES 2017\u20132018. Nutrients. 2023;15(8).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15081892"},{"key":"3612_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368459","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1368459","volume":"11","author":"B Bao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bao B, Xu S, Sun P, Zheng L. Neutrophil to albumin ratio: a biomarker in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and with liver fibrosis. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1368459.","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"12","key":"3612_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5653","DOI":"10.1039\/D2FO04082D","volume":"14","author":"L Tan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tan L, Zhou Q, Liu J, Liu Z, Shi R. Association of iron status with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis in US adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2017\u20132018. Food Funct. 2023;14(12):5653\u201362.","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"issue":"1","key":"3612_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.043","volume":"17","author":"MS Siddiqui","year":"2019","unstructured":"Siddiqui MS, Vuppalanchi R, Van Natta ML, Hallinan E, Kowdley KV, Abdelmalek M, et al. Vibration-controlled transient elastography to assess fibrosis and steatosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;17(1):156\u201363. e2.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3612_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2592","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-52482-w","volume":"14","author":"X Qi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qi X, Guo J, Li Y, Fang C, Lin J, Chen X, et al. Vitamin E intake is inversely associated with NAFLD measured by liver ultrasound transient elastography. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):2592.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3612_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahemuti N, Jing X, Zhang N, Liu C, Li C, Cui Z et al. Association between systemic immunity-inflammation index and hyperlipidemia: a Population-based study from the NHANES (2015\u20132020). Nutrients. 2023;15(5).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15051177"},{"issue":"5","key":"3612_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.07.049","volume":"161","author":"F Kanwal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kanwal F, Shubrook JH, Adams LA, Pfotenhauer K, Wai-Sun Wong V, Wright E, et al. Clinical care pathway for the risk stratification and management of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2021;161(5):1657\u201369.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"3612_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-1997","volume":"44","author":"R Lomonaco","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lomonaco R, Godinez Leiva E, Bril F, Shrestha S, Mansour L, Budd J, et al. Advanced Liver fibrosis is common in patients with type 2 diabetes followed in the outpatient setting: the need for systematic screening. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(2):399\u2013406.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"3612_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-023-03472-9","volume":"23","author":"X Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Xu X, Liu J, et al. The neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio is associated with all-cause mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2023;23(1):568.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"3612_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32152","volume":"75","author":"R Ren","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ren R, He Y, Ding D, Cui A, Bao H, Ma J, et al. Aging exaggerates acute-on-chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in mice and humans by inhibiting neutrophilic sirtuin 1-C\/EBPalpha-miRNA-223 axis. Hepatology. 2022;75(3):646\u201360.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"3612_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2024.103229","volume":"146","author":"E Hintermann","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hintermann E, Tondello C, Fuchs S, Bayer M, Pfeilschifter JM, Taubert R, et al. Blockade of neutrophil extracellular trap components ameliorates cholestatic liver disease in Mdr2 (Abcb4) knockout mice. J Autoimmun. 2024;146:103229.","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"3612_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653344","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.653344","volume":"12","author":"B Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen B, Han J, Chen S, Xie R, Yang J, Zhou T, et al. MicroLet-7b regulates neutrophil function and dampens neutrophilic inflammation by suppressing the Canonical TLR4\/NF-kappaB pathway. Front Immunol. 2021;12:653344.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"3612_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287916","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1287916","volume":"14","author":"S Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang S, Lin X, Zhu C, Dong Y, Guo Y, Xie Z, et al. Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and increased glucose-to-albumin ratio in adults without diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14:1287916.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3612_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2023.113740","volume":"431","author":"T Nakanishi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nakanishi T, Kawasaki Y, Nakamura Y, Kimura Y, Kawamura K, Shumba MN, et al. An implication of the mitochondrial carrier SLC25A3 as an oxidative stress modulator in NAFLD. Exp Cell Res. 2023;431(1):113740.","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"3612_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.10.032","volume":"80","author":"U Arora","year":"2024","unstructured":"Arora U, Biswas S, Aggarwal S, Duseja A, Shalimar. MASLD screening and diagnostic algorithms are interchangeable with existing NAFLD literature. J Hepatol. 2024;80(2):e89\u201391.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3612_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-022-00893-6","volume":"79","author":"S Sookoian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sookoian S, Pirola CJ. The serum uric acid\/creatinine ratio is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the general population. J Physiol Biochem. 2023;79(4):891\u20139.","journal-title":"J Physiol Biochem"},{"issue":"12","key":"3612_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.12.015","volume":"20","author":"P Golabi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Golabi P, Paik JM, Harring M, Younossi E, Kabbara K, Younossi ZM. Prevalence of high and moderate risk nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among adults in the United States, 1999\u20132016. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;20(12):2838\u201347. e7.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3612_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-022-00868-3","volume":"37","author":"S Yuan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yuan S, Chen J, Li X, Fan R, Arsenault B, Gill D, et al. Lifestyle and metabolic factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: mendelian randomization study. Eur J Epidemiol. 2022;37(7):723\u201333.","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"3612_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.144.11.1514b","volume":"144","author":"TP Kalman","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kalman TP, Kalman CM, Douglas CJ. Homophobia among physicians and nurses treating AIDS patients. Am J Psychiatry. 1987;144(11):1514\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"3612_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951689","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.951689","volume":"13","author":"Y Xue","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xue Y, Xu J, Li M, Gao Y. Potential screening indicators for early diagnosis of NAFLD\/MAFLD and liver fibrosis: triglyceride glucose index-related parameters. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:951689.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"3612_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457598","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1457598","volume":"15","author":"Y Xuan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xuan Y, Wu D, Zhang Q, Yu Z, Yu J, Zhou D. Elevated ALT\/AST ratio as a marker for NAFLD risk and severity: insights from a cross-sectional analysis in the United States. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024;15:1457598.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"3612_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11182827","volume":"11","author":"LIM Campagnoli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Campagnoli LIM, Marchesi N, Vairetti M, Pascale A, Ferrigno A, Barbieri A, Age-Related NAFLD. The Use of Probiotics as a supportive therapeutic intervention. Cells. 2022;11:18.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"1","key":"3612_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-024-02027-x","volume":"23","author":"WF Xi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xi WF, Yang AM. Association between cardiometabolic index and controlled attenuation parameter in U.S. adults with NAFLD: findings from NHANES (2017\u20132020). Lipids Health Dis. 2024;23(1):40.","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"}],"container-title":["BMC Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03612-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03612-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03612-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T06:56:41Z","timestamp":1737356201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03612-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3612"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03612-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-230X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-230X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The Ethics Committee of Longyan First Hospital deemed that this research is based on open-source data, so the need for ethics approval was waived.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"20"}}