{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T05:34:28Z","timestamp":1779168868086,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741910400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Scientific Research Foundation of the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC","award":["RC2023066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC2023066"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-025-03748-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T16:46:31Z","timestamp":1741970791000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Factors associated with lymph node metastasis and survival in T2 colon cancer"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Shaojun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xubing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"3748_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21772","volume":"73","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Wagle NS, Cercek A, et al. Colorectal cancer statistics, 2023. Cancer J Clin. 2023;73(3):233\u201354.","journal-title":"Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"3748_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Emile SH, Horesh N, Garoufalia Z et al. Factors Associated With Prolonged Operative Times in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy and Its Association With Short-Term Outcomes. J Surg Oncol 2024.","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.27872"},{"issue":"5","key":"3748_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.16485","volume":"25","author":"MF Hartwig","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hartwig MF, Slumstrup L, Fiehn AK, et al. The risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with T2 colon cancer. Colorectal Disease: Official J Association Coloproctology Great Br Irel. 2023;25(5):853\u201360.","journal-title":"Colorectal Disease: Official J Association Coloproctology Great Br Irel"},{"issue":"3","key":"3748_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12598","volume":"28","author":"MJ Bartel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bartel MJ, Brahmbhatt BS, Wallace MB. Management of colorectal T1 carcinoma treated by endoscopic resection from the Western perspective. Dig Endoscopy: Official J Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Soc. 2016;28(3):330\u201341.","journal-title":"Dig Endoscopy: Official J Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Soc"},{"issue":"11","key":"3748_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8394","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-023-10394-2","volume":"37","author":"DJ Sikkenk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sikkenk DJ, Sterkenburg AJ, Burghgraef TA, et al. Robot-assisted fluorescent Sentinel lymph node identification in early-stage colon cancer. Surg Endosc. 2023;37(11):8394\u2013403.","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"4","key":"3748_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-024-01897-1","volume":"76","author":"X Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang X, Wang Y, Zheng Z, et al. Extended procedure has no oncological benefits over segmental resection in the treatment of non-metastatic Splenic flexure colon cancer, a population-based cohort study and a single center\u2019s decade-long experience. Updates Surg. 2024;76(4):1289\u201399.","journal-title":"Updates Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"3748_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2020.01.006","volume":"46","author":"M Milone","year":"2020","unstructured":"Milone M, Degiuli M, Allaix ME, et al. Mid-transverse colon cancer and extended versus transverse colectomy: results of the Italian society of surgical oncology colorectal cancer network (SICO CCN) multicenter collaborative study. Eur J Surg Oncology: J Eur Soc Surg Oncol Br Association Surg Oncol. 2020;46(9):1683\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncology: J Eur Soc Surg Oncol Br Association Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"25","key":"3748_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2978","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.01889","volume":"42","author":"H Hu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hu H, Zhang J, Li Y, et al. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine versus upfront surgery for locally advanced Colon cancer: the randomized, phase III OPTICAL trial. J Clin Oncology: Official J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2024;42(25):2978\u201388.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncology: Official J Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"3748_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.00046","volume":"41","author":"D Morton","year":"2023","unstructured":"Morton D, Seymour M, Magill L, et al. Preoperative chemotherapy for operable Colon cancer: mature results of an international randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncology: Official J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2023;41(8):1541\u201352.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncology: Official J Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3748_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-023-04558-8","volume":"38","author":"P Lynch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lynch P, Ryan OK, Donnelly M, et al. Comparing neoadjuvant therapy followed by local excision to total mesorectal excision in the treatment of early stage rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2023;38(1):263.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"3748_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8511","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-023-10385-3","volume":"37","author":"MFS Hartwig","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hartwig MFS, Bulut M, Ravn-Eriksen J, et al. Combined endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery (CELS) for early colon cancer in high-risk patients. Surg Endosc. 2023;37(11):8511\u201321.","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"6","key":"3748_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-024-04203-0","volume":"49","author":"D Karahacioglu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Karahacioglu D, Taskin OC, Esmer R, et al. Performance of CT in the locoregional staging of colon cancer: detailed radiology-pathology correlation with special emphasis on tumor deposits, extramural venous invasion and T staging. Abdom Radiol (New York). 2024;49(6):1792\u2013804.","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (New York)"},{"issue":"10","key":"3748_CR13","first-page":"1275","volume":"62","author":"Y Onuma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Onuma Y, Tsuruta C, Okita K, et al. CT reconstruction with Thick slices not only underestimates lymph node size but also reduces data reproducibility in colorectal cancer. Acta Radiol (Stockholm Sweden: 1987). 2021;62(10):1275\u201382.","journal-title":"Acta Radiol (Stockholm Sweden: 1987)"},{"issue":"8","key":"3748_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-020-03618-7","volume":"35","author":"YJ Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee YJ, Huh JW, Shin JK, et al. Risk factors for lymph node metastasis in early colon cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2020;35(8):1607\u201313.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"3748_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-025-03602-x","volume":"25","author":"T Kawazoe","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kawazoe T, Nakanishi R, Ando K, et al. Preoperative CT lymph node size as a predictor of nodal metastasis in resectable Colon cancer: a retrospective study of 694 patients. BMC Gastroenterol. 2025;25(1):18.","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3748_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-019-01900-z","volume":"44","author":"E Rollv\u00e9n","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rollv\u00e9n E, Blomqvist L, \u00d6ist\u00e4m\u00f6 E, et al. Morphological predictors for lymph node metastases on computed tomography in colon cancer. Abdom Radiol (New York). 2019;44(5):1712\u201321.","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (New York)"},{"issue":"9","key":"3748_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4096","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-021-03057-0","volume":"46","author":"EK Hong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hong EK, Landolfi F, Castagnoli F, et al. CT for lymph node staging of Colon cancer: not only size but also location and number of lymph node count. Abdom Radiol (New York). 2021;46(9):4096\u2013105.","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (New York)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3748_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-019-01485-z","volume":"25","author":"Y Hashiguchi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hashiguchi Y, Muro K, Saito Y, et al. Japanese society for Cancer of the Colon and rectum (JSCCR) guidelines 2019 for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Oncol. 2020;25(1):1\u201342.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3748_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.21037\/tcr-23-1451","volume":"13","author":"W Zeng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zeng W, Xu J, Liao Z, et al. Construction of a diagnostic nomogram model for predicting the risk of lymph node metastasis in clinical T1 or T2 colon cancer based on the SEER database. Translational cancer Res. 2024;13(2):1016\u201325.","journal-title":"Translational cancer Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"3748_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6861","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-023-09688-9","volume":"33","author":"S Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li S, Li Z, Wang L, et al. CT morphological features for predicting the risk of lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer. Eur Radiol. 2023;33(10):6861\u201371.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"3748_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hanevelt J, Brohet RM, Moons LMG et al. Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis in T2 Colon Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Annals of surgical oncology 2025.","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-025-16921-w"},{"issue":"1","key":"3748_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2003.12.005","volume":"52","author":"JH Kim","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kim JH, Beets GL, Kim MJ, et al. High-resolution MR imaging for nodal staging in rectal cancer: are there any criteria in addition to the size? Eur J Radiol. 2004;52(1):78\u201383.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3748_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e232605","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.232605","volume":"310","author":"QY Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li QY, Yang D, Guan Z, et al. Extranodal extension at pretreatment MRI and the prognostic value for patients with rectal Cancer. Radiology. 2024;310(3):e232605.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"3748_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2022.100680","volume":"33","author":"H Ueno","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ueno H, Hase K, Shiomi A, et al. Optimal bowel resection margin in colon cancer surgery: prospective multicentre cohort study with lymph node and feeding artery mapping. Lancet Reg Health Western Pac. 2023;33:100680.","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Western Pac"},{"issue":"5","key":"3748_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.16469","volume":"25","author":"M Hartwig","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hartwig M, Rosen A, Vogelsang R, et al. Risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with pT2 colon cancer in Denmark from 2016 to 2019-A nationwide cohort study. Colorectal Disease: Official J Association Coloproctology Great Br Irel. 2023;25(5):872\u20139.","journal-title":"Colorectal Disease: Official J Association Coloproctology Great Br Irel"},{"issue":"1","key":"3748_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17256","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.17256","volume":"27","author":"SH Emile","year":"2025","unstructured":"Emile SH, Horesh N, Garoufalia Z, et al. Association between lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastases in colon cancer: A National Cancer database analysis. Colorectal Disease: Official J Association Coloproctology Great Br Irel. 2025;27(1):e17256.","journal-title":"Colorectal Disease: Official J Association Coloproctology Great Br Irel"},{"issue":"4","key":"3748_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-022-03414-7","volume":"47","author":"Z Guan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guan Z, Zhang XY, Li XT, et al. Correlation and prognostic value of CT-detected extramural venous invasion and pathological lymph-vascular invasion in colon cancer. Abdom Radiol (New York). 2022;47(4):1232\u201343.","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (New York)"},{"issue":"4","key":"3748_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-024-01884-6","volume":"76","author":"X Niu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Niu X, Cao J. Predicting lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer patients: development and validation of a column chart model. Updates Surg. 2024;76(4):1301\u201310.","journal-title":"Updates Surg"},{"key":"3748_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2024.116152","volume":"241","author":"A Ulkucu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ulkucu A, Erkaya M, Inal E, et al. The critical role of tumor size in predicting lymph node metastasis in early-stage colorectal cancer. Am J Surg. 2024;241:116152.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"3748_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4273","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-020-08974-w","volume":"27","author":"R Nakanishi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakanishi R, Akiyoshi T, Toda S, et al. Radiomics approach outperforms diameter criteria for predicting pathological lateral lymph node metastasis after neoadjuvant (Chemo)Radiotherapy in advanced low rectal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020;27(11):4273\u201383.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3748_CR31","first-page":"1","volume":"50","author":"J Leonhardi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Leonhardi J, Mehdorn M, Stelzner S, et al. Diagnostic accuracy and reliability of CT-based Node-RADS for colon cancer. Abdom Radiol (New York). 2025;50(1):1\u20137.","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (New York)"},{"issue":"6","key":"3748_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-024-04209-8","volume":"49","author":"Z Zhuang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhuang Z, Zhang Y, Yang X, et al. T2WI-based texture analysis predicts preoperative lymph node metastasis of rectal cancer. Abdom Radiol (New York). 2024;49(6):2008\u201316.","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (New York)"},{"issue":"3","key":"3748_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000956","volume":"110","author":"SY Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang SY, Kim MJ, Kye BH, et al. Surgical quality assessment for the prospective study of oncologic outcomes after laparoscopic modified complete mesocolic excision for nonmetastatic right colon cancer (PIONEER study). Int J Surg (London England). 2024;110(3):1484\u201392.","journal-title":"Int J Surg (London England)"},{"key":"3748_CR34","unstructured":"Lu J, Xing J, Zang L et al. Extent of Lymphadenectomy for Surgical Management of Right-Sided Colon Cancer: The Randomized Phase III RELARC Trial. J Clin Oncology: Official J Am Soc Clin Oncol 2024:Jco2400393."},{"key":"3748_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ichimasa K, Foppa C, Kudo SE et al. Artificial Intelligence to Predict the Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis in T2 Colorectal Cancer. Annals of surgery 2024.","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006469"},{"issue":"2","key":"3748_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jncc.2024.04.003","volume":"4","author":"BH Jafry","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jafry BH, Buhaya MH, Milsap A, et al. Clinical, pathological, and adjuvant chemotherapy use differences among microsatellite unstable and microsatellite stable colon cancers. J Natl Cancer Cent. 2024;4(2):169\u201375.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Cent"},{"key":"3748_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J\u00f6rgren F, Agger E, Lydrup ML et al. Tumour deposits in colon cancer predict recurrence and reduced survival in a nationwide population-based study. BJS Open 2023, 7(6).","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsopen\/zrad122"},{"issue":"9","key":"3748_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000003381","volume":"67","author":"A Ouchi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ouchi A, Iwahori Y, Suzuki K, et al. Artificial intelligence imaging diagnosis using Super-Resolution and Three-Dimensional shape for lymph node metastasis of low rectal cancer: A pilot study from a single center. Dis Colon Rectum. 2024;67(9):1131\u20138.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"}],"container-title":["BMC Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03748-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03748-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03748-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T16:46:39Z","timestamp":1741970799000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03748-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3748"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03748-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-230X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-230X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC and informed consent was obtained from all the patients or their families. This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"175"}}