{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:25:26Z","timestamp":1792686326448,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746144000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-025-03891-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T11:01:30Z","timestamp":1746183690000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A clinical predictive score of high liver iron content in metabolic hyperferritinemia: a retrospective cohort pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Mohamed Lotfi","family":"Boughzala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Ruivard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8511-8432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Lobbes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"3891_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00008.2013","volume":"93","author":"T Ganz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ganz T. Systemic Iron homeostasis. Physiol Rev. 2013;93:1721\u201341.","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"3891_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2011.07.014","volume":"1820","author":"P Brissot","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brissot P, Ropert M, Le Lan C, Lor_eal O. Non-transferrin bound iron: a key role in iron overload and iron toxicity. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012;1820:403\u201310.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"3891_CR3","unstructured":"Deugnier Y, Lain\u00e9 F, J\u00e9z\u00e9quel C, Bonnet F. Steatohepatitis, iron overload and insulin resistance. M\u00e9decine Mal M\u00e9taboliques 2012:117:1155\u201363."},{"key":"3891_CR4","unstructured":"Roblin X, Chevassus P, Boudemaghe T, Paladoyan A. L\u2019H\u00e9patosid\u00e9rose dysm\u00e9tabolique doit-elle \u00eatre recherch\u00e9e syst\u00e9matiquement Au cours du diab\u00e8te de type II? Diabetes Metab 2002:4:335\u20139."},{"key":"3891_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041534","volume":"17","author":"PC Adams","year":"2005","unstructured":"Adams PC, et al. Hemochromatosis and iron-overload screening in a Racially diverse population. N Engl J Med. 2005;17:1769\u201378. Hemochromatosis and Iron Overload Screening (HEIRS) Study Research Investigators.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3891_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moirand R, Kerdavid F, Loreal O et al. Regulation of ferritin expression by alcohol in a human hepatoblastoma cell line and in rat hepatocyte cultures. J Hepatol 1995.","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80202-9"},{"key":"3891_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Torti FM. et Torti. Regulation of ferritin genes and protein. Blood; 2002.","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.10.3505"},{"key":"3891_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harrison-Findik DD, Klein E, Crist C, et al. Iron-mediated regulation of liver Hepcidin expression in rats and mice is abolished by alcohol. Hepatology; 2007.","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21895"},{"key":"3891_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ravasi G, Pelucchi S, Bertola F, Capelletti MM, Mariani R, Piperno A. Identification of novel mutations by targeted NGS panel in patients with hyperferritinemia. Genes (Basel) 2021:12:1778.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12111778"},{"issue":"9045","key":"3891_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)06034-5","volume":"349","author":"R Moirand","year":"1997","unstructured":"Moirand R, Mortaji AM, Loreal O, et al. A new syndrome of liver iron overload with normal transferrin. Lancet. 1997;349(9045):95\u20137.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3891_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deugnier Y, et Turlin B. Pathology of hepatic iron overload. World J Gastroenterol 2007.","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i35.4755"},{"key":"3891_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. Metabolic syndrome\u2013a new world-wide definition. A consensus statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabet Med. 2006.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2006.01858.x"},{"key":"3891_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ellervik C, Marott JL, Tybj\u00e6rg-Hansen A, Schnohr P, Nordestgaard BG. Total and cause-specific mortality by moderately and markedly increased ferritin concentrations: general population study and metaanalysis. Clin Chem 2014.","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2014.229013"},{"key":"3891_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hagstr\u00f6m H, Nasr P, Bottai M, Ekstedt M, Kechagias S, Hultcrantz R et al. Elevated serum ferritin is associated with increased mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease after 16 years of followup. Liver Int Off J Int Assoc Study Liver 2016:11:1688\u201395.","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13144"},{"key":"3891_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.11.010","volume":"7","author":"JK Olynyk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Olynyk JK, Gan E, Tan T. Predicting iron overload in hyperferritinemia. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;7:359\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.11.010.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"3891_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.3A0318-108R","volume":"105","author":"P Handa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Handa P, et al. Iron alters macrophage polarization status and leads to steatohepatitis and fibrogenesis. J Leukoc Biol. 2019;105:1015\u201326.","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"3891_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S31","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800715","volume":"20","author":"KP Batts","year":"2007","unstructured":"Batts KP. Iron overload syndromes and the liver. Mod Pathol. 2007;20(Suppl 1):S31\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/modpathol.3800715.","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"3891_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24584","volume":"40","author":"D Hernando","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hernando D, Levin YS, Sirlin CB, Reeder SB. Quantification of liver iron with MRI: state of the Art and remaining challenges. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2014;40:1003\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.24584.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"3891_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06380-9","volume":"30","author":"B Henninger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Henninger B, Alustiza J, Garbowski M, Gandon Y. Practical guide to quantification of hepatic iron with MRI. Eur Radiol. 2020;30:383\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-019-06380-9.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"3891_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-01-0177","volume":"105","author":"TG St Pierre","year":"2005","unstructured":"St Pierre TG, Clark PR, Chua-anusorn W, Fleming AJ, Jeffrey GP, Olynyk JK, et al. Noninvasive measurement and imaging of liver iron concentrations using proton magnetic resonance. Blood. 2005;105:855\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2004-01-0177.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"3891_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24854","volume":"71","author":"TG St Pierre","year":"2014","unstructured":"St Pierre TG, El-Beshlawy A, Elalfy M, Al Jefri A, Al Zir K, Daar S, et al. Multicenter validation of spin-density projection-assisted R2-MRI for the noninvasive measurement of liver iron concentration. Magn Reson Med. 2014;71:2215\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.24854.","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"3891_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13124","volume":"36","author":"R Rametta","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rametta R, Dongiovanni P, Pelusi S, et al. Hepcidin resistance in dysmetabolic iron overload. Liver Int. 2016;36:1540\u20138.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"3891_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Consensus Statement on. The definition and classification of metabolic hyperferritinaemia. Nat Reviews Endocrinol 2023:19:299\u2013310.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-023-00807-6"},{"key":"3891_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nelson JE, Wilson L, Brunt EM et al. Relationship between the pattern of hepatic iron deposition and histological severity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2011;53(2):448\u2013457 n.d.","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24038"},{"issue":"7","key":"3891_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14096","volume":"39","author":"E Buzzetti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Buzzetti E, Petta S, Manuguerra R, et al. Evaluating the association of serum ferritin and hepatic iron with disease severity in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver Int. 2019;39(7):1325\u201334. n.d.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"3891_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28856","volume":"65","author":"F Lain\u00e9","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lain\u00e9 F, Ruivard M, Loustaud-Ratti V, Bonnet F, Cal\u00e8s P, Bardou\u2010Jacquet E, et al. Metabolic and hepatic effects of bloodletting in dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome: A randomized controlled study in 274 patients. Hepatology. 2017;65:465\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.28856.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"3891_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15436-6","volume":"363","author":"Y Gandon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gandon Y, Olivi\u00e9 D, Guyader D, Aub\u00e9 C, Oberti F, Sebille V, et al. Non-invasive assessment of hepatic iron stores by MRI. Lancet. 2004;363:357\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15436-6.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3891_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Valenti L, Corradini E, Adams LA, Aigner E, Alqahtani S, Arrese M et al. Consensus statement on the definition and classification of metabolic hyperferritinaemia. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023:1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-023-00807-6","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-023-00807-6"},{"key":"3891_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2021.126786","volume":"67","author":"C Lahaye","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lahaye C, Gladine C, Pereira B, Berger J, Chinetti-Gbaguidi G, Lain\u00e9 F, Mazur A, Ruivard M. Does iron overload in metabolic syndrome affect macrophage profile? A case control study. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2021;67:126786.","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"3891_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-08-663245","volume":"127","author":"F Vinchi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vinchi F, Costa da Silva M, Ingoglia G, Petrillo S, Brinkman N, Zuercher A, et al. Hemopexin therapy reverts heme-induced Proinflammatory phenotypic switching of macrophages in a mouse model of sickle cell disease. Blood. 2016;127:473\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2015-08-663245.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"3891_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-9589-5_2","volume":"1173","author":"G Gao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gao G, Li J, Zhang Y, Chang Y-Z. Cellular Iron metabolism and regulation. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1173:21\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-13-9589-5_2.","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"3891_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16775","volume":"55","author":"G Le Gac","year":"2022","unstructured":"Le Gac G, Scotet V, Gourlaouen I, L\u2019Hostis C, Merour M-C, Karim Z, et al. Prevalence of HFE-related haemochromatosis and secondary causes of hyperferritinaemia and their association with iron overload in 1059 French patients treated by Venesection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2022;55:1016\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.16775.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"3891_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang GD, Chen J, Johnstone DM, Delatycki MB, Allen K, Olynyk JK. Updating the diagnosis and management of elevated serum ferritin levels in the era of routine ferritin testing of blood donors by Australian red cross lifeblood. Medical Journal of Australia n.d.;n\/a. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5694\/mja2.52618","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.52618"}],"container-title":["BMC Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03891-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03891-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03891-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T11:01:35Z","timestamp":1746183695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03891-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3891"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03891-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-230X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-230X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice recommendations, and approved by the local Ethics Committee who waived the need for informed consent (International Review Board 00013412, \u201cCHU de Clermont-Ferrand IRB #1\u201d, IRB number 2023-CF029) with compliance with the French policy of individual data information and protection.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"331"}}