{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T12:08:16Z","timestamp":1790165296030,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-025-03963-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T05:20:59Z","timestamp":1746768059000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Milligan\u2013Morgan hemorrhoidectomy combined with rubber band ligation and polidocanol foam sclerotherapy for the management of grade III\/IV hemorrhoids: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Qing","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"17","key":"3963_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i17.2009","volume":"18","author":"V Lohsiriwat","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lohsiriwat V. Hemorrhoids: from basic pathophysiology to clinical management. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18(17):2009\u201317.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3963_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-011-1316-3","volume":"27","author":"S Riss","year":"2012","unstructured":"Riss S, Weiser FA, Schwameis K, Riss T, Mittlb\u00f6ck M, Steiner G, et al. The prevalence of hemorrhoids in adults. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2012;27(2):215\u201320.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"3963_CR3","first-page":"78","volume":"63","author":"JC Gazet","year":"1970","unstructured":"Gazet JC, Redding W, Rickett JW. The prevalence of haemorrhoids. A preliminary survey. Proc R Soc Med. 1970;63(Suppl):78\u201380.","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"3963_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90512-Y","volume":"99","author":"PA Haas","year":"1990","unstructured":"Haas PA, Haas GP. The prevalence of hemorrhoids and chronic constipation. Gastroenterology. 1990;99(6):1856\u20137.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"3963_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90828-O","volume":"98","author":"JF Johanson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Johanson JF, Sonnenberg A. The prevalence of hemorrhoids and chronic constipation. An epidemiologic study. Gastroenterology. 1990;98(2):380\u20136.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"7","key":"3963_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.08.045","volume":"149","author":"AF Peery","year":"2015","unstructured":"Peery AF, Crockett SD, Barritt AS, Dellon ES, Eluri S, Gangarosa LM, et al. Burden of gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases in the united States. Gastroenterology. 2015;149(7):1731\u2013e17413.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"3963_CR7","first-page":"11","volume":"419","author":"A Fox","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fox A, Tietze PH, Ramakrishnan K. Anorectal conditions: hemorrhoids. FP Essent. 2014;419:11\u20139.","journal-title":"FP Essent"},{"issue":"6","key":"3963_CR8","first-page":"14","volume":"53","author":"JH Qiao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qiao JH, He JW, Zhou JH. Discussion on TCM prevention of hemorrhoids in rural community residents based on epidemiological investigation. Shanghai J Traditional Chin Med. 2019;53(6):14\u20139.","journal-title":"Shanghai J Traditional Chin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR9","first-page":"75","volume":"16","author":"F Pata","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pata F, Sgr\u00f2 A, Ferrara F, Vigorita V, Gallo G, Pellino G. Anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of haemorrhoids. Rev Recent Clin Tria. 2021;16(1):75\u201380.","journal-title":"Rev Recent Clin Tria"},{"issue":"3","key":"3963_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.23922\/jarc.2017-018","volume":"1","author":"T Yamana","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yamana T. Japanese practice guidelines for anal disorders I. Hemorrhoids. J Anus Rectum Colon. 2017;1(3):89\u201399.","journal-title":"J Anus Rectum Colon"},{"issue":"4","key":"3963_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0249736","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249736","volume":"16","author":"AA Kibret","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kibret AA, Oumer M, Moges AM. Prevalence and associated factors of hemorrhoids among adult patients visiting the surgical outpatient department in the university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(4):e0249736.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"9","key":"3963_CR12","first-page":"e45919","volume":"15","author":"IA Oberi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oberi IA, Omar Y, Alfaifi AJ, Ayoub RA, Ajeebi Y, Moafa SH, et al. Prevalence of hemorrhoids and their risk factors among the adult population in Jazan. Saudi Arabia Cureus. 2023;15(9):e45919.","journal-title":"Saudi Arabia Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2021.06.020","volume":"45","author":"J Hong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hong J, Kim I, Song J, Ahn BK. Socio-demographic factors and lifestyle associated with symptomatic hemorrhoids: big data analysis using the National health insurance Service-National health screening cohort (NHIS-HEALS) database in Korea. Asian J Surg. 2022;45(1):353\u20139.","journal-title":"Asian J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"3963_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2020.19183","volume":"31","author":"A \u015ei\u015fik","year":"2020","unstructured":"\u015ei\u015fik A, Ba\u015fak F, Hasbah\u00e7eci M, Acar A, K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 A, \u00d6zel Y, et al. Recovery from hemorrhoids and anal fissure without surgery. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2020;31(4):289\u201394.","journal-title":"Turk J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3963_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-015-0333-0","volume":"67","author":"C Elbetti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elbetti C, Giani I, Novelli E, Fucini C, Martellucci J. The single pile classification: a new tool for the classification of haemorrhoidal disease and the comparison of treatment results. Updat Surg. 2015;67(4):421\u20136.","journal-title":"Updat Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"3963_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.14975","volume":"22","author":"RR van Tol","year":"2020","unstructured":"van Tol RR, Kleijnen J, Watson AJM, Jongen J, Altomare DF, Qvist N, et al. European society of coloproctology: guideline for haemorrhoidal disease. Colorectal Dis. 2020;22(6):650\u201362.","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR17","first-page":"10","volume":"16","author":"A Picciariello","year":"2021","unstructured":"Picciariello A, Tsarkov PV, Papagni V, Efetov S, Markaryan DR, Tulina I, et al. Classifications and clinical assessment of haemorrhoids: the proctologist\u2019s corner. Rev Recent Clin Tria. 2021;16(1):10\u20136.","journal-title":"Rev Recent Clin Tria"},{"issue":"5","key":"3963_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000003276","volume":"67","author":"AT Hawkins","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hawkins AT, Davis BR, Bhama AR, Fang SH, Dawes AJ, Feingold DL, et al. The American society of Colon and rectal surgeons clinical practice guidelines for the management of hemorrhoids. Dis Colon Rectum. 2024;67(5):614\u201323.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"3","key":"3963_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000001030","volume":"61","author":"BR Davis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Davis BR, Lee-Kong SA, MigalyJ, Feingold DL, Steele SR. The American society of Colon and rectal surgeons clinical practice guidelines for the management of hemorrhoids. Dis Colon Rectum. 2018;61(3):284\u201392.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"8","key":"3963_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-022-02600-5","volume":"26","author":"P Salgueiro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salgueiro P, Rei A, Garrido M, Rosa B, Oliveira AM, Pereira-Guedes T, et al. Polidocanol foam sclerotherapy in the treatment of hemorrhoidal disease in patients with bleeding disorders: a multicenter, prospective, cohort study. Tech Coloproctol. 2022;26(8):615\u201325.","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3963_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1159\/000492202","volume":"26","author":"V Fernandes","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fernandes V, Fonseca J. Polidocanol foam injected at high doses with intravenous needle: the (Almost) perfect treatment of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids. GE Port J Gastroent. 2019;26(3):169\u201375.","journal-title":"GE Port J Gastroent"},{"issue":"3","key":"3963_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1159\/000493440","volume":"26","author":"B Rosa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rosa B. Polidocanol foam: A breath of fresh air for the treatment of internal hemorrhoids. Ge Port J Gastroent. 2019;26(3):153\u20134.","journal-title":"Ge Port J Gastroent"},{"issue":"6","key":"3963_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-021-03848-3","volume":"36","author":"G Lisi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lisi G, Campanelli M, Grande S, Milito G, Grande M. Sclerotherapy with 3% polidocanol foam for third- and fourth-degree hemorrhoids as Bridge treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2021;36(6):1321\u20132.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"3963_CR24","first-page":"185","volume":"114","author":"LM Figueiredo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Figueiredo LM, Bordalo FF, Rafael MA, Oliveira AM. Sclerotherapy using 2% polidocanol foam in the treatment of hemorrhoidal disease - a single-center experience. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2022;114(3):185\u20136.","journal-title":"Rev Esp Enferm Dig"},{"key":"3963_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-021-03900-2","volume":"36","author":"V Komporozos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Komporozos V, Ziozia V, Komporozou A, Stravodimos G, Kolinioti A, Papazoglou A. Rubber band ligation of symptomatic hemorrhoids: an old solution to an everyday problem. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2021;36:1723\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.11138\/gchir\/2017.38.1.005","volume":"38","author":"G Cocorullo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cocorullo G, Tutino R, Falco N, Licari L, Orlando G, Fontana T, et al. The non-surgical management for hemorrhoidal disease: a systematic review. G Chir. 2017;38(1):5\u201314.","journal-title":"G Chir"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR27","first-page":"101","volume":"84","author":"H De Schepper","year":"2021","unstructured":"De Schepper H, Coremans G, Denis MA, Dewint P, Duinslaeger M, Gijsen I, et al. Belgian consensus guideline on the management of hemorrhoidal disease. Acta Gastro-ent Belg. 2021;84(1):101\u201320.","journal-title":"Acta Gastro-ent Belg"},{"issue":"12","key":"3963_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.5185","volume":"92","author":"V Shanmugam","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shanmugam V, Thaha MA, Rabindranath KS, Campbell KL, Steele RJC, Loudon MA. Systematic review of randomized trials comparing rubber band ligation with excisional haemorrhoidectomy. Br J Surg. 2005;92(12):1481\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"3963_CR29","first-page":"519","volume":"26","author":"Professional Committee on Anorectal Diseases of Chinese Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine","year":"2020","unstructured":"Professional Committee on Anorectal Diseases of Chinese Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine. The Chinese clinical practice guidelines of hemorrhoids(2020). J Colorectal Anal Surg. 2020;26(5):519\u201333.","journal-title":"J Colorectal Anal Surg"},{"key":"3963_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abd-Elfattah M, Abd-Elmaksud I, Abd-Elmoniem A. Comparison of Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy and stapled hemorrhoidectomy in recent years for patients with grade III and IV hemorrhoids: A Meta-Analysis. QJM-Int J Med. 2021;114(Supple1).","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcab097.017"},{"issue":"8","key":"3963_CR31","first-page":"e66430","volume":"16","author":"AK Virk","year":"2024","unstructured":"Virk AK, Kansal R, Singh C, Mehta M, Arora B, Singh A, et al. A retrospective study of Milligan-Morgan versus LigaSure hemorrhoidectomy in the treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoids at an Institute in North India. Cureus. 2024;16(8):e66430.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"3963_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348231207301","volume":"90","author":"A Cemil","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cemil A, Ugur K, Salih GM, Merve K, Guray DM, Emine BS. Comparison of laser hemorrhoidoplasty and Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy techniques in the treatment of grade 2 and 3 hemorrhoidal disease. Am Surgeon. 2024;90(4):662\u201371.","journal-title":"Am Surgeon"},{"key":"3963_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pata F, Bracchitta LM, D\u2019Ambrosio G et al. Sclerobanding (Combined rubber band ligation with 3% polidocanol foam Sclerotherapy) for the treatment of Second- and Third-Degree hemorrhoidal disease: feasibility and Short-Term outcomes. J Clin Med. 2021; 11 (1).","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11010218"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-023-02933-x","volume":"23","author":"Q Long","year":"2023","unstructured":"Long Q, Wen Y, Li J. Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy combined with non-doppler hemorrhoidal artery ligation for the treatment of grade III\/IV hemorrhoids: a single centre retrospective study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2023;23(1):293.","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3963_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.6804","volume":"97","author":"PO Nystr\u00f6m","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nystr\u00f6m PO, Qvist N, Raahave D, Lindsey I, Mortensen N. Randomized clinical trial of symptom control after stapled anopexy or diathermy excision for haemorrhoid prolapse. Br J Surg. 2010;97(2):167\u201376.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"3963_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jensen MP, Karoly P, Braver S. The measurement of clinical pain intensity: a comparison of six methods.pain. 1986;27(1):117\u201326.","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(86)90228-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR37","first-page":"60","volume":"163","author":"JW Milsom","year":"1986","unstructured":"Milsom JW, Mazier WP. Classification and management of postsurgical anal stenosis. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1986;163(1):60\u20134.","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"3963_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)88465-2","volume":"230","author":"ETC Milligan","year":"1937","unstructured":"Milligan ETC, Morgan CN, Jones LE, Officer R. Surgical anatomy of the anal Canal and the operative treatment of hemorrhoids. Lancet. 1937;230:1119\u201324.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s12262-016-1578-7","volume":"79","author":"N Agarwal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Agarwal N, Singh K, Sheikh P, Mittal K, Mathai V, Kumar A. Executive Summary - The association of Colon & rectal surgeons of India (ACRSI) practice guidelines for the management of Haemorrhoids-2016. Indian J Surg. 2017;79(1):58\u201361.","journal-title":"Indian J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"3963_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-016-3419-z","volume":"40","author":"MI Bhatti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bhatti MI, Sajid MS, Baig MK. Milligan-Morgan (open) versus Ferguson haemorrhoidectomy (closed): a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized, controlled trials. World J Surg. 2016;40(6):1509\u201319.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-020-02314-6","volume":"25","author":"QZ Ruan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ruan QZ, English W, Hotouras A, Bryant C, Taylor F, Andreani S. A systematic review of the literature assessing the outcomes of stapled haemorrhoidopexy versus open haemorrhoidectomy. Tech Coloproctol. 2021;25(1):19\u201333.","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3963_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e296","DOI":"10.1097\/AS9.0000000000000296","volume":"4","author":"LD Bonomo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bonomo LD, Falletto E, Cuccomarino S, Nicotera A, Jannaci A. Hemorrhoidal artery ligation for the treatment of grade II-III hemorrhoids: is it worth the use of doppler guide in Long-Term Follow-Up? A Single-Center cohort study. Ann Surg Open. 2023;4(2):e296.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"3963_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-019-02136-1","volume":"24","author":"C Ferrandis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ferrandis C, De Faucal D, Fabreguette JM, Borie F. Efficacy of Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation with mucopexy, in the short and long terms for patients with hemorrhoidal disease. Tech Coloproctol. 2020;24(2):165\u201371.","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3963_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.3393\/ac.2017.09.04","volume":"35","author":"V Consalvo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Consalvo V, D\u2019Auria F, Salsano V. Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization with doppler arterial identification versus classic hemorrhoidectomy: A retrospective analysis of 270 patients. Ann Coloproctol. 2019;35(3):118\u201322.","journal-title":"Ann Coloproctol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3963_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.14339","volume":"20","author":"DF Altomare","year":"2018","unstructured":"Altomare DF, Picciariello A, Pecorella G, Milito G, Naldini G, Amato A, et al. Surgical management of haemorrhoids: an Italian survey of over 32 000 patients over 17 years. Colorectal Dis. 2018;20(12):1117\u201324.","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"3963_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.3126\/ajms.v15i2.59505","volume":"15","author":"N Rajkumar Verma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rajkumar Verma N, Kumar V, Mishra. A comparative study between laser hemorrhoidoplasty with digital-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation and conventional (Milligan-Morgan) hemorrhoidectomy. Asian J Med Sci. 2024;15(2):218\u201322.","journal-title":"Asian J Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3963_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-018-3176-6","volume":"34","author":"KC Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee KC, Liu CC, Hu WH, Lu CC, Lin SE, Chen HH. Risk of delayed bleeding after hemorrhoidectomy. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2019;34(2):247\u201353.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.18203\/2349-2902.isj20233929","volume":"11","author":"N Chovatia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chovatia N, Bhuva B, Sharma P, Pancholi M. Surgical management of post hemorrhoidectomy benign anal stenosis - an experience of eleven patients. Int Surg J. 2023;11(1):98\u2013103.","journal-title":"Int Surg J"},{"issue":"4","key":"3963_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.3393\/ac.2023.00871.0124","volume":"40","author":"A Brillantino","year":"2024","unstructured":"Brillantino A, Renzi A, Talento P, Brusciano L, Marano L, Grillo M, et al. The Italian unitary society of Colon-Proctology (Societ\u00e0 Italiana unitaria Di Colonproctologia) guidelines for the management of acute and chronic hemorrhoidal Disease. Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(4):287\u2013320.","journal-title":"Ann Coloproctol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3963_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1159\/000522171","volume":"29","author":"P Salgueiro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salgueiro P, Ramos MI, Castro-Po\u00e7as F, Lib\u00e2nio D. Office-Based procedures in the management of hemorrhoidal disease: rubber band ligation versus Sclerotherapy - Systematic review and Meta-Analysis. Ge Port J Gastroent. 2022;29(6):409\u201319.","journal-title":"Ge Port J Gastroent"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-023-02990-6","volume":"408","author":"P Pastor Peinado","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pastor Peinado P, Oca\u00f1a J, Abad\u00eda Barno P, Ballestero P\u00e9rez A, Pina Hern\u00e1ndez JD, Rodr\u00edguez Velasco G, et al. Quality of life and outcomes after rubber band ligation for haemorrhoidal disease. Langenbeck Arch Surg. 2023;408(1):243.","journal-title":"Langenbeck Arch Surg"},{"issue":"42","key":"3963_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6525","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.6525","volume":"14","author":"AM El Nakeeb","year":"2008","unstructured":"El Nakeeb AM, Fikry AA, Omar WH, Fouda EM, El Metwally TA, Ghazy HE, et al. Rubber band ligation for 750 cases of symptomatic hemorrhoids out of 2200 cases. World J Gastroentero. 2008;14(42):6525\u201330.","journal-title":"World J Gastroentero"},{"issue":"4","key":"3963_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s12262-015-1353-1","volume":"78","author":"FO Aram","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aram FO. Rubber band ligation for hemorrhoids: an office experience. Indian J Surg. 2016;78(4):271\u20134.","journal-title":"Indian J Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"3963_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e184","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2010.02387.x","volume":"13","author":"R Parker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Parker R, Gul R, Bucknall V, Bowley D, Karandikar S. Double jeopardy: pyogenic liver abscess and massive secondary rectal haemorrhage after rubber band ligation of haemorrhoids. Colorectal Dis. 2011;13(7):e184.","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"19","key":"3963_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6656","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v10.i19.6656","volume":"10","author":"YD Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang YD, Liu Y, Wu JD, Li GP, Liu J, Hou XH, et al. Massive Gastrointestinal bleeding after endoscopic rubber band ligation of internal hemorrhoids: A case report. World J Clin Cases. 2022;10(19):6656\u201363.","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"issue":"2","key":"3963_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-008-0435-5","volume":"13","author":"HL Sim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sim HL, Tan KY, Poon PL, Cheng A, Mak K. Life-threatening perineal sepsis after rubber band ligation of haemorrhoids. Tech Coloproctol. 2009;13(2):161\u20134.","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-023-04394-w","volume":"38","author":"J Patel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Patel J, McKechnie T, Wu K, Sharma S, Lee Y, Doumouras A, et al. HEmoRhoidal disease management with band ligation versus polidocanol sclerotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis (the herbs Review). Int J Colorectal Dis. 2023;38(1):112.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"3963_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1080\/08941939.2020.1745964","volume":"34","author":"P Lobascio","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lobascio P, Laforgia R, Novelli E, Perrone F, Di Salvo M, Pezzolla A, et al. Short-Term results of sclerotherapy with 3% polidocanol foam for symptomatic Second- and Third-Degree hemorrhoidal disease. J Invest Surg. 2021;34(10):1059\u201365.","journal-title":"J Invest Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"3963_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-013-1729-2","volume":"28","author":"KH Moser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moser KH, Mosch C, Walgenbach M, Bussen DG, Kirsch J, Joos AK, et al. Efficacy and safety of sclerotherapy with polidocanol foam in comparison with fluid sclerosant in the treatment of first-grade haemorrhoidal disease: a randomised, controlled, single-blind, multicentre trial. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2013;28(10):1439\u201347.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"3963_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1993.tb00985.x","volume":"19","author":"JJ Guex","year":"1993","unstructured":"Guex JJ. Indications for the sclerosing agent polidocanol (aetoxisclerol Dexo, aethoxisklerol kreussler). J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1993;19(10):959\u201361.","journal-title":"J Dermatol Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3963_CR61","first-page":"153","volume":"28","author":"MM Marrocco-Trischitta","year":"2002","unstructured":"Marrocco-Trischitta MM, Guerrini P, Abeni D, Stillo F. Reversible cardiac arrest after polidocanol sclerotherapy of peripheral venous malformation. Dermatol Surg. 2002;28(2):153\u20135.","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"3963_CR62","first-page":"240","volume":"134","author":"BH Stricker","year":"1990","unstructured":"Stricker BH, van Oijen JA, Kroon C, Ovink AH. Anaphylaxis following use of polidocanol. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1990;134(5):240\u20132.","journal-title":"Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd"},{"issue":"27","key":"3963_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3326","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v30.i27.3326","volume":"30","author":"CY Qu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qu CY, Zhang FY, Wang W, Gao FY, Lin WL, Zhang H, et al. Endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding for the treatment of grade II-III internal hemorrhoids: A prospective, multi-center, randomized study. World J Gastroentero. 2024;30(27):3326\u201335.","journal-title":"World J Gastroentero"},{"issue":"1","key":"3963_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-021-01251-x","volume":"21","author":"Q Yu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yu Q, Zhi C, Jia L, Li H. Efficacy of Ruiyun procedure for hemorrhoids combined simplified Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy with dentate line-sparing in treating grade III\/IV hemorrhoids: a retrospective study. BMC Surg. 2021;21(1):251.","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"3963_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-005-0077-2","volume":"21","author":"T Toyonaga","year":"2006","unstructured":"Toyonaga T, Matsushima M, Sogawa N, et al. Postoperative urinary retention after surgery for benign anorectal disease: potential risk factors and strategy for prevention. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2006;21(7):676\u201382.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"}],"container-title":["BMC Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03963-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03963-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03963-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T06:04:35Z","timestamp":1746770675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03963-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3963"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03963-3","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-5325794\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-230X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-230X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University and conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"355"}}