{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T06:41:07Z","timestamp":1784184067369,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747872000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Key R&D Program of Shanxi Province","award":["202102130501015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202102130501015"]}]},{"name":"the Shanxi Province \u201c136\u201d Revitalization Medical Project Construction Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-025-03987-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T09:39:40Z","timestamp":1747906780000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of post-market adverse events of lubiprostone: a real-world adverse event analysis from the FAERS database"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Qingqing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jijun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanli","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiushan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"3987_CR1","first-page":"919","volume":"10","author":"M Vazquez Roque","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vazquez Roque M, Bouras EP. Epidemiology and management of chronic constipation in elderly patients. Clin Interv Aging. 2015;10:919\u201330.","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"issue":"9","key":"3987_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.164","volume":"106","author":"NC Suares","year":"2011","unstructured":"Suares NC, Ford AC. Prevalence of, and risk factors for, chronic idiopathic constipation in the community: systematic review and Meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011;106(9):1582\u201392.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"10263","key":"3987_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31548-8","volume":"396","author":"AC Ford","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ford AC, Sperber AD, Corsetti M, Camilleri M. Irritable bowel syndrome. Lancet. 2020;396(10263):1675\u201388.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"3987_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.03.035","volume":"150","author":"DA Drossman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Drossman DA, Hasler WL. Rome IV-Functional GI disorders: disorders of Gut-Brain interaction. Gastroenterology. 2016;150(6):1257\u201361.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"8","key":"3987_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-0286-8","volume":"17","author":"CJ Black","year":"2020","unstructured":"Black CJ, Ford AC. Global burden of irritable bowel syndrome: trends, predictions and risk factors. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;17(8):473\u201386.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3987_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.03.214","volume":"164","author":"L Chang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chang L, Chey WD, Imdad A, Almario CV, Bharucha AE, Diem S, Greer KB, Hanson B, Harris LA, Ko C, et al. American gastroenterological Association-American college of gastroenterology clinical practice guideline: Pharmacological management of chronic idiopathic constipation. Gastroenterology. 2023;164(7):1086\u2013106.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"3987_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li F, Fu T, Tong WD, Liu BH, Li CX, Gao Y, Wu JS, Wang XF, Zhang AP. Lubiprostone is effective in the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Mayo Clin Proc. 2016;91(4):456\u2013468.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.01.015"},{"issue":"2","key":"3987_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2014.08.026","volume":"13","author":"S Fukudo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fukudo S, Hongo M, Kaneko H, Takano M, Ueno R. Lubiprostone increases spontaneous bowel movement frequency and quality of life in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13(2):294\u2013301.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3987_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01524.x","volume":"103","author":"JF Johanson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Johanson JF, Morton D, Geenen J, Ueno R, Multicenter. 4-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of Lubiprostone, a locally-acting type-2 chloride channel activator, in patients with chronic constipation. Am J Gastroenterol. 2008;103(1):170\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3987_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.19-118","volume":"66","author":"M Sugimoto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sugimoto M, Murata M, Mizuno H. Differences in efficacy and safety of Lubiprostone used for idiopathic vs opioid-induced constipation: meta-analysis of East Asian and Western populations. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2020;66(3):184\u201392.","journal-title":"J Clin Biochem Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"3987_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1001","volume":"13","author":"KJ Rothman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rothman KJ, Lanes S, Sacks ST. The reporting odds ratio and its advantages over the proportional reporting ratio. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2004;13(8):519\u201323.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"issue":"6","key":"3987_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.677","volume":"10","author":"SJ Evans","year":"2001","unstructured":"Evans SJ, Waller PC, Davis S. Use of proportional reporting ratios (PRRs) for signal generation from spontaneous adverse drug reaction reports. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2001;10(6):483\u20136.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"issue":"4","key":"3987_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280050466","volume":"54","author":"A Bate","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bate A, Lindquist M, Edwards IR, Olsson S, Orre R, Lansner A, De Freitas RM. A bayesian neural network method for adverse drug reaction signal generation. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1998;54(4):315\u201321.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3987_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.6048","volume":"10","author":"T Sakaeda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sakaeda T, Tamon A, Kadoyama K, Okuno Y. Data mining of the public version of the FDA adverse event reporting system. Int J Med Sci. 2013;10(7):796\u2013803.","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"3987_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.164","volume":"106","author":"NC Suares","year":"2011","unstructured":"Suares NC, Ford AC. Prevalence of, and risk factors for, chronic idiopathic constipation in the community: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011;106(9):1582\u201391.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3987_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-009-1068-x","volume":"55","author":"CF Barish","year":"2010","unstructured":"Barish CF, Drossman D, Johanson JF, Ueno R. Efficacy and safety of Lubiprostone in patients with chronic constipation. Dig Dis Sci. 2010;55(4):1090\u20137.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"3987_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04983.x","volume":"35","author":"WD Chey","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chey WD, Drossman DA, Johanson JF, Scott C, Panas RM, Ueno R. Safety and patient outcomes with Lubiprostone for up to 52 weeks in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012;35(5):587\u201399.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"3987_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2639","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-011-1801-0","volume":"56","author":"AJ Lembo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lembo AJ, Johanson JF, Parkman HP, Rao SS, Miner PB Jr, Ueno R. Long-term safety and effectiveness of Lubiprostone, a chloride channel (ClC-2) activator, in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation. Dig Dis Sci. 2011;56(9):2639\u201345.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3987_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i2.299","volume":"19","author":"M Sherid","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sherid M, Sifuentes H, Samo S, Deepak P, Sridhar S. Lubiprostone induced ischemic colitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;19(2):299\u2013303.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"3987_CR20","first-page":"361","volume":"2","author":"TN Lunsford","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lunsford TN, Harris LA. Lubiprostone: evaluation of the newest medication for the treatment of adult women with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Int J Womens Health. 2010;2:361\u201374.","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"3987_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.84","volume":"154","author":"AK Bassil","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bassil AK, Borman RA, Jarvie EM, McArthur-Wilson RJ, Thangiah R, Sung EZ, Lee K, Sanger GJ. Activation of prostaglandin EP receptors by Lubiprostone in rat and human stomach and colon. Br J Pharmacol. 2008;154(1):126\u201335.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3987_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03250.x","volume":"25","author":"DC Suh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Suh DC, Kahler KH, Choi IS, Shin H, Kralstein J, Shetzline M. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome or constipation have an increased risk for ischaemic colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;25(6):681\u201392.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"3987_CR23","first-page":"513","volume":"7","author":"J Song","year":"2015","unstructured":"Song J, Yin J, Xu X, Chen J. Prokinetic effects of large-dose Lubiprostone on Gastrointestinal transit in dogs and its mechanisms. Am J Transl Res. 2015;7(3):513\u201321.","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"3987_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spicknall KE, Zirwas MJ, English JC 3. Clubbing: an update on diagnosis, differential diagnosis, pathophysiology, and clinical relevance. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;52(6):1020\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.01.006"},{"issue":"6","key":"3987_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.153","volume":"40","author":"S Uppal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Uppal S, Diggle CP, Carr IM, Fishwick CW, Ahmed M, Ibrahim GH, Helliwell PS, Latos-Bielenska A, Phillips SE, Markham AF, et al. Mutations in 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase cause primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Nat Genet. 2008;40(6):789\u201393.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"15","key":"3987_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.6104-20","volume":"60","author":"R Kawamoto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kawamoto R, Kikuchi A, Ninomiya D, Kumagi T. Clubbed digits presumably caused by Lubiprostone. Intern Med. 2021;60(15):2499\u2013502.","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"3987_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-009-0907-0","volume":"54","author":"M Mizumori","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mizumori M, Akiba Y, Kaunitz JD. Lubiprostone stimulates duodenal bicarbonate secretion in rats. Dig Dis Sci. 2009;54(10):2063\u20139.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"3987_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-10-107","volume":"10","author":"RC De Lisle","year":"2010","unstructured":"De Lisle RC, Mueller R, Roach E. Lubiprostone ameliorates the cystic fibrosis mouse intestinal phenotype. BMC Gastroenterol. 2010;10:107.","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"3987_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2018.12.021","volume":"281","author":"K Sumida","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sumida K, Molnar MZ, Potukuchi PK, Thomas F, Lu JL, Yamagata K, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kovesdy CP. Constipation and risk of death and cardiovascular events. Atherosclerosis. 2019;281:114\u201320.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"3987_CR30","first-page":"1","volume":"18","author":"W Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang W, Wang H, Yang S, Pang X, Hu W, Zhang G, Xin X. Post-marketing safety assessment of constipation drugs: a real-world pharmacovigilance study based on FAERS database. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2025;18:1\u201312.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"issue":"2","key":"3987_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2013.876410","volume":"10","author":"E Raschi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Raschi E, De Ponti F. Lubiprostone: Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, safety and regulatory aspects in the treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014;10(2):293\u2013305.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"issue":"38","key":"3987_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2890","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx460","volume":"38","author":"M Aldahl","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aldahl M, Jensen AC, Davidsen L, Eriksen MA, Moller Hansen S, Nielsen BJ, Krogager ML, Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C, Sogaard P. Associations of serum potassium levels with mortality in chronic heart failure patients. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(38):2890\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"3987_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935872","DOI":"10.3389\/fcdhc.2023.935872","volume":"4","author":"HY Chien","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chien HY, Chen SM, Li WC. Dopamine receptor agonists mechanism of actions on glucose Lowering and their connections with prolactin actions. Front Clin Diabetes Healthc. 2023;4:935872.","journal-title":"Front Clin Diabetes Healthc"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"3987_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prostaglandins.2008.03.001","volume":"86","author":"J Cuppoletti","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cuppoletti J, Malinowska DH, Chakrabarti J, Ueno R. Effects of Lubiprostone on human uterine smooth muscle cells. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2008;86(1\u20134):56\u201360.","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat"}],"container-title":["BMC Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03987-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03987-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03987-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T09:39:50Z","timestamp":1747906790000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03987-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3987"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03987-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-230X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-230X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"395"}}