{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T04:25:13Z","timestamp":1792038313294,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-025-03989-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T12:30:09Z","timestamp":1754569809000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of timing of endoscopy on clinical outcomes in cirrhotic patients with esophageal variceal bleeding: a monocentric retrospective study from Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Khoa Phuoc","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xung Van","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trung Hieu","family":"Doan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"3989_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l536","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l536","volume":"364","author":"AJ Stanley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stanley AJ, Laine L. Management of acute upper Gastrointestinal bleeding. BMJ. 2019;364:l536.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"3989_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175628482412954","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848241295452","volume":"17","author":"X Qi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qi X, et al. Timing of endoscopy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding: protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Th Adv Gastroenterol. 2024;17:17562848241295452.","journal-title":"Th Adv Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"9","key":"3989_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0901512","volume":"362","author":"G Garcia-Tsao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Garcia-Tsao G, Bosch J. Management of varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(9):823\u201332.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"3989_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.05.022","volume":"63","author":"R de Franchis","year":"2015","unstructured":"de Franchis R. Expanding consensus in portal hypertension: report of the Baveno VI consensus workshop: stratifying risk and individualizing care for portal hypertension. J Hepatol. 2015;63(3):743\u201352.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3989_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28906","volume":"65","author":"G Garcia-Tsao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garcia-Tsao G, et al. Portal hypertensive bleeding in cirrhosis: risk stratification, diagnosis, and management: 2016 practice guidance by the American association for the study of liver diseases. Hepatology. 2017;65(1):310\u201335.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"3989_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1939-4887","volume":"54","author":"IM Gralnek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gralnek IM, et al. Endoscopic diagnosis and management of esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage: European society of Gastrointestinal endoscopy (ESGE) guideline. Endoscopy. 2022;54(11):1094\u2013120.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"4","key":"3989_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.12.022","volume":"76","author":"R de Franchis","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Franchis R, et al. Baveno VII - Renewing consensus in portal hypertension. J Hepatol. 2022;76(4):959\u201374.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3989_CR8","first-page":"45","volume":"74","author":"I Colle","year":"2011","unstructured":"Colle I, et al. Upper Gastrointestinal tract bleeding management: Belgian guidelines for adults and children. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2011;74(1):45\u201366.","journal-title":"Acta Gastroenterol Belg"},{"issue":"11","key":"3989_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-309262","volume":"64","author":"D Tripathi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tripathi D, et al. U.K. Guidelines on the management of variceal haemorrhage in cirrhotic patients. Gut. 2015;64(11):1680\u2013704.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"3989_CR10","unstructured":"[Guidelines on the management of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in cirrhotic portal hypertension]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi, 2022. 30(10): pp. 1029\u20131043."},{"issue":"1","key":"3989_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-023-02766-8","volume":"23","author":"M Peng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peng M, et al. Timing of endoscopy in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding: a single-center retrospective study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2023;23(1):219.","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"3989_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang W et al. Timing of endoscopy for acute variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis (CHESS1905): A nationwide cohort study. Hepatol Commun, 2023. 7(5).","DOI":"10.1097\/HC9.0000000000000230"},{"issue":"44","key":"3989_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5025","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i44.5025","volume":"24","author":"JJ Yoo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yoo JJ, et al. Timing of upper Gastrointestinal endoscopy does not influence short-term outcomes in patients with acute variceal bleeding. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(44):5025\u201333.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3989_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2009.05903.x","volume":"24","author":"YC Hsu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hsu YC, et al. Delayed endoscopy as a risk factor for in-hospital mortality in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal hemorrhage. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;24(7):1294\u20139.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3989_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4046","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-60866-x","volume":"10","author":"DH Jung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jung DH, et al. Optimal endoscopy timing in patients with acute variceal bleeding: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):4046.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1S","key":"3989_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e868","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002282","volume":"33","author":"Z Bai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bai Z, et al. Outcomes of early versus delayed endoscopy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;33(1S):e868\u201376.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3989_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2012.11.002","volume":"3","author":"AK Singal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Singal AK, Kamath PS. Model for End-stage liver disease. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2013;3(1):50\u201360.","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"3989_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0801209","volume":"359","author":"WR Kim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kim WR, et al. Hyponatremia and mortality among patients on the liver-transplant waiting list. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(10):1018\u201326.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3989_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036491","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1036491","volume":"9","author":"K Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu K, et al. Analysis of the timing of endoscopic treatment for esophagogastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022;9:1036491.","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"7","key":"3989_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2019.01.013","volume":"51","author":"CW Huh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huh CW, et al. Optimal endoscopy timing according to the severity of underlying liver disease in patients with acute variceal bleeding. Dig Liver Dis. 2019;51(7):993\u20138.","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"3989_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.07.038","volume":"57","author":"PH Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen PH, et al. Delayed endoscopy increases re-bleeding and mortality in patients with hematemesis and active esophageal variceal bleeding: a cohort study. J Hepatol. 2012;57(6):1207\u201313.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"3989_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Esmat G, Hamza IM, Abbas BE. Outcome of patients undergoing early versus late endoscopic intervention for acute oesophageal variceal bleeding at Air Force Hospital, Egypt. A population based cohort study. Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 2014. 2014.","DOI":"10.4236\/ojgas.2014.41005"},{"issue":"4","key":"3989_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.04073.x","volume":"99","author":"R Baradarian","year":"2004","unstructured":"Baradarian R, et al. Early intensive resuscitation of patients with upper Gastrointestinal bleeding decreases mortality. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004;99(4):619\u201322.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3989_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-020-02563-1","volume":"16","author":"E Merola","year":"2021","unstructured":"Merola E, Michielan A, de Pretis G. Optimal timing of endoscopy for acute upper Gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intern Emerg Med. 2021;16(5):1331\u201340.","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"3989_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29363","volume":"66","author":"S Augustin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Augustin S, et al. Expanding the Baveno VI criteria for the screening of varices in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease. Hepatology. 2017;66(6):1980\u20138.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"3989_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12550","volume":"5","author":"S Chirapongsathorn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chirapongsathorn S, Akkarachinores K, Chaiprasert A. Development and validation of prognostic model to predict mortality among cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding: A retrospective study. JGH Open. 2021;5(6):658\u201363.","journal-title":"JGH Open"},{"issue":"45","key":"3989_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7831","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i45.7831","volume":"27","author":"W Kaewput","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kaewput W, et al. In-hospital mortality of hepatorenal syndrome in the united States: nationwide inpatient sample. World J Gastroenterol. 2021;27(45):7831\u201343.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"3989_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"m2687","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m2687","volume":"370","author":"DA Simonetto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Simonetto DA, Gines P, Kamath PS. Hepatorenal syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. BMJ. 2020;370:m2687.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"209","key":"3989_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.31729\/jnma.3408","volume":"56","author":"AK Mandal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mandal AK, et al. Factors predicting mortality of acute variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2018;56(209):493\u20136.","journal-title":"JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"3989_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31743-0","volume":"8","author":"J Altamirano","year":"2009","unstructured":"Altamirano J, et al. Predicting 6-week mortality after acute variceal bleeding: role of classification and regression tree analysis. Ann Hepatol. 2009;8(4):308\u201315.","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"key":"3989_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mart\u00edn-Flores UI, Aguayo-Villase\u00f1or JF, Contreras-Mar\u00edn ME. 6-Week mortality predictors in patients with acute variceal bleeding from the Western National medical center of the Mexican social security Institute. Ann Hepatol, 2022. 27.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2022.100794"},{"issue":"3","key":"3989_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31853-8","volume":"7","author":"\u00c1 Ricardo Flores-Rend\u00f3n","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ricardo Flores-Rend\u00f3n \u00c1, et al. Model for end stage of liver disease (MELD) is better than the Child-Pugh score for predicting in-hospital mortality related to esophageal variceal bleeding. Ann Hepatol. 2008;7(3):230\u20134.","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"key":"3989_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buckholz A et al. MELD, MELD 3.0, versus child score to predict mortality after acute variceal hemorrhage: A multicenter US cohort. Hepatol Commun, 2023. 7(10).","DOI":"10.1097\/HC9.0000000000000258"}],"container-title":["BMC Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03989-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03989-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03989-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T18:16:24Z","timestamp":1757355384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03989-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3989"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-025-03989-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-230X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-230X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Da Nang Hospital\u2019s Internal Medicine Council. Given the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized patient data, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Da Nang Hospital.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"565"}}