{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T04:20:15Z","timestamp":1792383615340,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-025-04009-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T08:05:43Z","timestamp":1748592343000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A novel inflammatory biomarker in assessing disease activity in ulcerative colitis: gasdermin D"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4230-1015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osman Cagin","family":"Buldukoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serkan","family":"Ocal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serdar","family":"Akca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Galip Egemen","family":"Atar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Besir","family":"Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammet Devran","family":"Isik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ozlem","family":"Koca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferda Akbay","family":"Harmandar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yesim","family":"Cekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayhan Hilmi","family":"Cekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10401","key":"4009_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00966-2","volume":"402","author":"C Le Berre","year":"2023","unstructured":"Le Berre C, Honap S, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Ulcerative colitis. Lancet. 2023;402(10401):571\u201384.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"4009_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advms.2023.09.010","volume":"68","author":"G Caliendo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Caliendo G, D\u2019Elia G, Makker J, et al. Biological, genetic and epigenetic markers in ulcerative colitis. Adv Med Sci. 2023;68(2):386\u201395.","journal-title":"Adv Med Sci"},{"key":"4009_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178662","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1178662","volume":"14","author":"Z Dai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dai Z, Liu WC, Chen XY, Wang X, Li JL, Zhang X. Gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis: mechanisms, diseases, and inhibitors. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1178662.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4947","key":"4009_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4947.1041","volume":"2","author":"SC Truelove","year":"1955","unstructured":"Truelove SC, Witts LJ. Cortisone in ulcerative colitis; final report on a therapeutic trial. Br Med J. 1955;2(4947):1041\u20138.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"26","key":"4009_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198712243172603","volume":"317","author":"KW Schroeder","year":"1987","unstructured":"Schroeder KW, Tremaine WJ, Ilstrup DM. Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. A randomized study. N Engl J Med. 1987;317(26):1625\u20139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4009_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002842","volume":"37","author":"N Cesaro","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cesaro N, Valvano M, Monaco S, et al. The role of new inflammatory indices in the prediction of endoscopic and histological activity in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2025;37(1):24\u201332.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4009_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjw104","volume":"10","author":"M Arai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arai M, Naganuma M, Sugimoto S, et al. The ulcerative colitis endoscopic index of severity is useful to predict Medium- to Long-Term prognosis in ulcerative colitis patients with clinical remission. J Crohns Colitis. 2016;10(11):1303\u20139.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"5","key":"4009_CR8","first-page":"508","volume":"34","author":"L Lontai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lontai L, K\u00fcrti Z, Gonczi L, et al. Objective disease monitoring strategies from a tertiary inflammatory bowel disease center in Hungary. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2023;34(5):508\u201315.","journal-title":"Turk J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4009_CR9","first-page":"892","volume":"34","author":"T Hu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hu T, Zhang Z, Song F, Zhang W, Yang J. Evaluation of mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis by fecal calprotectin vs. fecal immunochemical test: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2023;34(9):892\u2013901.","journal-title":"Turk J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4009_CR10","first-page":"509","volume":"35","author":"A Yakut","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yakut A. Contribution of fecal calprotectin and fecal immunochemical tests to the evaluation of patients with ulcerative colitis. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2024;35(6):509\u201310.","journal-title":"Turk J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4009_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2024.22385","volume":"35","author":"\u0130 K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck","year":"2024","unstructured":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u0130, \u00d6z\u00e7elik F, Yazgan Y, Y\u0131lmaz \u0130, Kaplan M, Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m \u0130. Can serum histone H4 level be a biomarker in ulcerative colitis?? Turk J Gastroenterol. 2024;35(1):4\u201310.","journal-title":"Turk J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4009_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee JW, Woo D, Kim KO, et al. IBD Research group of KASID and crohn's and colitis association in Daegu-Gyeongbuk (CCAiD). Deep learning model using stool pictures for predicting endoscopic mucosal inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2025;120(1):213\u2013224.","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002978"},{"issue":"5","key":"4009_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-021-00154-z","volume":"20","author":"X Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu X, Xia S, Zhang Z, Wu H, Lieberman J. Channelling inflammation: gasdermins in physiology and disease. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2021;20(5):384\u2013405.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"7","key":"4009_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-023-01526-w","volume":"24","author":"P Devant","year":"2023","unstructured":"Devant P, Kagan JC. Molecular mechanisms of gasdermin D pore-forming activity. Nat Immunol. 2023;24(7):1064\u201375.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"4009_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833588","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.833588","volume":"13","author":"S Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang S, Liang Y, Yao J, Li DF, Wang LS. Role of pyroptosis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): from gasdermins to damps. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:833588.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4009_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15821","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-43091-0","volume":"13","author":"X Gao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gao X, Wang C, Shen XT, et al. Pyroptosis burden is associated with anti-TNF treatment outcome in inflammatory bowel disease: new insights from bioinformatics analysis. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):15821.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4009_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtauto.2022.100162","volume":"5","author":"J Xiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xiao J, Sun K, Wang C, Abu-Amer Y, Mbalaviele G. Compound loss of GSDMD and GSDME function is necessary to achieve maximal therapeutic effect in colitis. J Transl Autoimmun. 2022;5:100162.","journal-title":"J Transl Autoimmun"},{"issue":"8","key":"4009_CR18","first-page":"4218","volume":"130","author":"K Bulek","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bulek K, Zhao J, Liao Y, et al. Epithelial-derived gasdermin D mediates nonlytic IL-1\u03b2 release during experimental colitis. J Clin Invest. 2020;130(8):4218\u201334.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"4009_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750841","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.750841","volume":"12","author":"H Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao H, Cao M, Yao Y, et al. Dysregulated Microbiota-Driven gasdermin D activation promotes colitis development by mediating IL-18 release. Front Immunol. 2021;12:750841.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4009_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109058","volume":"111","author":"N Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang N, Kong R, Han W, et al. Honokiol alleviates ulcerative colitis by targeting PPAR-\u03b3-TLR4-NF-\u03baB signaling and suppressing gasdermin-D-mediated pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol. 2022;111:109058.","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"4009_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2019.02.014","volume":"450","author":"L Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang L, Li K, Lin X, et al. Metformin induces human esophageal carcinoma cell pyroptosis by targeting the miR-497\/PELP1 axis. Cancer Lett. 2019;450:22\u201331.","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"4009_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12576","volume":"19","author":"WJ Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang WJ, Chen D, Jiang MZ, et al. Downregulation of gasdermin D promotes gastric cancer proliferation by regulating cell cycle-related proteins. J Dig Dis. 2018;19(2):74\u201383.","journal-title":"J Dig Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"4009_CR23","first-page":"2648","volume":"40","author":"Y Ma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ma Y, Chen Y, Lin C, Hu G. Biological functions and clinical significance of the newly identified long noncoding RNA RP1-85F18.6 in colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep. 2018;40(5):2648\u201358.","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"4009_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10397","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S244374","volume":"12","author":"LS Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu LS, Liu Y, Wang XW, et al. LPS enhances the chemosensitivity of oxaliplatin in HT29 cells via GSDMD-Mediated pyroptosis. Cancer Manag Res. 2020;12:10397\u2013409.","journal-title":"Cancer Manag Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"4009_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-023-00743-w","volume":"20","author":"G Privitera","year":"2023","unstructured":"Privitera G, Rana N, Armuzzi A, Pizarro TT. The gasdermin protein family: emerging roles in Gastrointestinal health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;20(6):366\u201387.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"4009_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2023.02.082","volume":"654","author":"F Han","year":"2023","unstructured":"Han F, Chen H, Chen L, et al. Inhibition of gasdermin D blocks the formation of NETs and protects acute pancreatitis in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2023;654:26\u201333.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"4009_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-022-04062-5","volume":"26","author":"CMS Silva","year":"2022","unstructured":"Silva CMS, Wanderley CWS, Veras FP, et al. Gasdermin-D activation by SARS-CoV-2 triggers NET and mediate COVID-19 immunopathology. Crit Care. 2022;26(1):206.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"4009_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-024-02523-y","volume":"124","author":"R Ocal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ocal R, Buldukoglu OC, Hasoglan MG, Korucuk M, Cekin Y, Ocal S. Migraine and gasdermin D: a new perspective on the inflammatory basis of migraine. Acta Neurol Belg. 2024;124(3):981\u20136.","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Belg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4009_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-023-01349-6","volume":"9","author":"R Hu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hu R, Liang J, Ding L, et al. Gasdermin D Inhibition ameliorates neutrophil mediated brain damage in acute ischemic stroke. Cell Death Discov. 2023;9(1):50.","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"key":"4009_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2021.114585","volume":"188","author":"J Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang J, Yao J, Liu Y, Huang L. Targeting the gasdermin D as a strategy for ischemic stroke therapy. Biochem Pharmacol. 2021;188:114585.","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4009_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-006-9691-2","volume":"52","author":"AD Rodgers","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rodgers AD, Cummins AG. CRP correlates with clinical score in ulcerative colitis but not in Crohn\u2019s disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2007;52(9):2063\u20138.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"4009_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-031210-101322","volume":"29","author":"MF Gregor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gregor MF, Hotamisligil GS. Inflammatory mechanisms in obesity. Annu Rev Immunol. 2011;29:415\u201345.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4009_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1684\/ecn.2018.0415","volume":"29","author":"J Karczewski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Karczewski J, \u015aledzi\u0144ska E, Baturo A, et al. Obesity and inflammation. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2018;29(3):83\u201394.","journal-title":"Eur Cytokine Netw"},{"issue":"2","key":"4009_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034511421200","volume":"91","author":"J Lee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lee J, Taneja V, Vassallo R. Cigarette smoking and inflammation: cellular and molecular mechanisms. J Dent Res. 2012;91(2):142\u20139.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4009_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19480","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76556-7","volume":"10","author":"I Elisia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Elisia I, Lam V, Cho B, et al. The effect of smoking on chronic inflammation, immune function and blood cell composition. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):19480.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["BMC Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-04009-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12876-025-04009-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-04009-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T08:05:45Z","timestamp":1748592345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12876-025-04009-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-025-04009-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-230X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-230X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research was approved by University of Health Sciences, Antalya Training and Research Hospital Ethics Committee (Date: 11\/08\/2022, No: 2022\u2212244). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was acquired from each participant in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The manuscript does not contain any individual person\u2019s data as in details, images or videos.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"418"}}