{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T04:15:19Z","timestamp":1769746519900,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013076","name":"National Major Science and Technology Project of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No. 2017ZX10302201-004-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2017ZX10302201-004-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-025-04579-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T05:34:21Z","timestamp":1767418461000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["HBV RNA at 6 months after nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment can predict antiviral efficacy in chronic hepatitis B patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yandi","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaozhou","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sujun","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuyun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuefei","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenpin","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinghuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengmin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lizhong","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"4579_CR1","first-page":"e0162","volume":"23","author":"Devin Razavi-Shearer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Devin Razavi-Shearer. Global HBV disease burden and current care gaps. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken). 2024;23:e0162.","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken)"},{"key":"4579_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(22)00386-7","volume":"8","author":"F Cui","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cui F, Blach S, Mingiedi CM, et al. Global reporting of progress towards elimination of hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;8:332\u201342.","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"4579_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.03.021","volume":"67","author":"European Association For The Study Of The Liver","year":"2017","unstructured":"European Association For The Study Of The Liver. EASL 2017 clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol. 2017;67:370\u201398.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"4579_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29800","volume":"67","author":"NA Terrault","year":"2018","unstructured":"Terrault NA, Lok ASF, McMahon BJ, et al. Update on Prevention, Diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B: AASLD 2018 hepatitis B guidance. Hepatology. 2018;67:1560\u201399.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"4579_CR5","first-page":"1425","volume":"11","author":"H You","year":"2023","unstructured":"You H, Wang FS, Li TS, et al. Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B (version 2022). J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2023;11:1425\u201342.","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Hepatol"},{"key":"4579_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2972","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00760-17","volume":"55","author":"YH Gao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gao YH, Li YH, Meng QH, et al. Serum hepatitis B virus DNA, RNA, and hbsag: which correlated better with intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA before and after Nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment? J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55:2972\u201382.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"4579_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.71737","volume":"19","author":"Y Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Y, Liu YN, Luo H, et al. Serum HBV DNA plus RNA reflecting CccDNA level before and during NAs treatment in hbeag positive CHB patients. Int J Med Sci. 2022;19:858\u201366.","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"4579_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s13027-022-00473-9","volume":"17","author":"B Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang B, Dai QH, Liu YM, et al. Levels of HBV RNA in chronic HBV infected patients during first-line nucleos(t)ide analogues therapy. Infect Agents Cancer. 2022;17:61.","journal-title":"Infect Agents Cancer"},{"key":"4579_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP3280","volume":"24","author":"H Liao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liao H, Liu Y, Li XD, et al. Monitoring of serum HBV RNA, HBcrAg, HBsAg and anti-HBc levels in patients during long-term nucleoside\/nucleotide analogue therapy. Antivir Ther. 2019;24:105\u201315.","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"4579_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13227","volume":"27","author":"H Luo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Luo H, Tan N, Kang Q, et al. Hepatitis B virus pregenomic RNA status can reveal the long-term prognoses of chronic hepatitis B patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues. J Viral Hepatitis. 2020;27:323\u20138.","journal-title":"J Viral Hepatitis"},{"issue":"5","key":"4579_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17105","volume":"56","author":"J Lok","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lok J, Dusheiko G, Carey I, Agarwal K. Review article: novel biomarkers in hepatitis B infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2022;56(5):760\u201376.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"4579_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-3265","volume":"10","author":"F Ye","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ye F, Zhao WJ, Yang XL, et al. The decline of HBV RNA associated with hbeag seroconversion and double-negative HBV DNA and RNA in chronic hepatitis B patients who received Entecavir therapy: a 10-year retrospective cohort study. Ann Transl Med. 2022;10:897.","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"4579_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60220-8","volume":"384","author":"C Trepo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Trepo C, Chan HL, Lok A. Hepatitis B virus infection. Lancet. 2014;384:2053\u201363.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4579_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa013","volume":"72","author":"MS Farag","year":"2020","unstructured":"Farag MS, van Campenhout MJH, Pfefferkorn M, et al. Hepatitis B virus RNA as early predictor for response to pegylated interferon alpha in HBeAg-Negative chronic hepatitis B. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;72:202\u201311.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"4579_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2017.12.016","volume":"99\u2013100","author":"HX Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang HX, Wang J, Li WJ, et al. Serum HBV DNA plus RNA shows superiority in reflecting the activity of intrahepatic CccDNA in treatment-naive HBV-infected individuals. J Clin Virol. 2018;99\u2013100:71\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"4579_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12908","volume":"25","author":"J Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang J, Yu Y, Li G, et al. Natural history of serum HBV-RNA in chronic HBV infection. J Viral Hepat. 2018;25:1038\u201347.","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"4579_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25612","volume":"92","author":"YR Gu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gu YR, Chen LB, Lian YF, et al. Serum HBV pregenomic RNA is correlated with Th1\/Th2 immunity in treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B patients. J Med Virol. 2020;92:317\u201328.","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"4579_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23571","volume":"51","author":"AJ Thompson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Thompson AJ, Nguyen T, Iser D, et al. Serum hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B e antigen titers: disease phase influences correlation with viral load and intrahepatic hepatitis B virus markers. Hepatology. 2010;51:1933\u201344.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"4579_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2016.1264932","volume":"33","author":"L Wei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wei L, Kao JH. Benefits of long-term therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis B. Curr Med Res Opin. 2017;33:495\u2013504.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"4579_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3390\/v9040075","volume":"9","author":"T Tu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tu T, Budzinska MA, Shackel NA, et al. HBV DNA integration: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Viruses. 2017;9:75.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"4579_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin N, Ye AZ, Lin JP, et al. Diagnostic value of detection of pregenomic RNA in sera of hepatitis B virus-infected patients with different clinical outcomes. J Clin Microbiol. 2020;58:e5801275\u201319.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01275-19"},{"key":"4579_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S252994","volume":"13","author":"X Ji","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ji X, Xia M, Zhou B, et al. Serum hepatitis B virus RNA levels predict hbeag seroconversion and virological response in chronic hepatitis B patients with high viral load treated with Nucleos(t)ide analog. Infect Drug Resist. 2020;13:1881\u20138.","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"4579_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i6.719","volume":"25","author":"H Luo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Luo H, Zhang XX, Cao LH, et al. Serum hepatitis B virus RNA is a predictor of hbeag seroconversion and virological response with Entecavir treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;25:719\u201328.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4579_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13671","volume":"29","author":"Y Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Y, Liao H, Deng ZP, et al. Serum HBV RNA predicts hbeag clearance and seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues. J Viral Hepatitis. 2022;29:420\u201331.","journal-title":"J Viral Hepatitis"},{"key":"4579_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20275","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.20275","volume":"13","author":"X Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang X, Lu F, Wu R, et al. Clinical value of serum HBV RNA in patients with chronic hepatitis B during antiviral therapy. PeerJ. 2025;13:e20275.","journal-title":"PeerJ"}],"container-title":["BMC Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12876-025-04579-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-04579-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-025-04579-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T14:25:52Z","timestamp":1769696752000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12876-025-04579-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4579"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-025-04579-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-230X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-230X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Peking University People\u2019s Hospital (2020PHB382-01), and written informed consent was obtained from all the patients.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"76"}}