{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T15:15:46Z","timestamp":1770909346856,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016798","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Yangzhou Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YZ2024189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YZ2024189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016798","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Medical Research Project of the Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission","award":["X20240058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["X20240058"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Gastroenterol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-026-04607-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T06:05:13Z","timestamp":1768802713000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of the impact of furosemide use on outcomes in patients with intra-abdominal hypertension: a retrospective cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziyue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zixuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingling","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Hang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yurong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Le","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinqiang","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"4607_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0349-5","volume":"32","author":"ML Malbrain","year":"2006","unstructured":"Malbrain ML, Cheatham ML, Kirkpatrick A, Sugrue M, Parr M, De Waele J, et al. Results from the International Conference of Experts on Intra-abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome. I. Definitions. Intensive Care Med. 2006;32(11):1722\u201332.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"4607_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003623","volume":"47","author":"A Reintam Blaser","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reintam Blaser A, Regli A, De Keulenaer B, Kimball EJ, Starkopf L, Davis WA, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of intra-abdominal hypertension in critically ill patients-a prospective multicenter study (IROI study). Crit Care Med. 2019;47(4):535\u201342.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4607_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003122","volume":"46","author":"PB Murphy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Murphy PB, Parry NG, Sela N, Leslie K, Vogt K, Ball I. Intra-abdominal hypertension is more common than previously thought: a prospective study in a mixed medical-surgical ICU. Crit Care Med. 2018;46(6):958\u201364.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4607_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.07.023","volume":"153","author":"WK Rogers","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rogers WK, Garcia L. Intraabdominal hypertension, abdominal compartment syndrome, and the open abdomen. Chest. 2018;153(1):238\u201350.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"4607_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066619892225","volume":"36","author":"Z Khot","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khot Z, Murphy PB, Sela N, Parry NG, Vogt K, Ball IM. Incidence of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome: a systematic review. J Intensive Care Med. 2021;36(2):197\u2013202.","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4607_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31817c7a4d","volume":"36","author":"MG Vidal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vidal MG, Ruiz Weisser J, Gonzalez F, Toro MA, Loudet C, Balasini C, et al. Incidence and clinical effects of intra-abdominal hypertension in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 2008;36(6):1823\u201331.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"4607_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000153408.09806.1B","volume":"33","author":"ML Malbrain","year":"2005","unstructured":"Malbrain ML, Chiumello D, Pelosi P, Bihari D, Innes R, Ranieri VM, et al. Incidence and prognosis of intraabdominal hypertension in a mixed population of critically ill patients: a multiple-center epidemiological study. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(2):315\u201322.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4607_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8245","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-84831-0","volume":"15","author":"S Miao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Miao S, Yang M, Li W, Yan J. Elevated IAP in critically ill patients associated with increased AKI incidence: a cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):8245.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"4607_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300060521101662","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605211016627","volume":"49","author":"J Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun J, Sun H, Sun Z, Yang X, Zhou S, Wei J. Intra-abdominal hypertension and increased acute kidney injury risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Int Med Res. 2021;49(5):3000605211016627.","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"4607_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2017.05.003","volume":"44","author":"M Christensen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Christensen M, Craft J. The cardio-respiratory effects of intra-abdominal hypertension: considerations for critical care nursing practice. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2018;44:53\u20138.","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs"},{"issue":"10","key":"4607_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3005","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v10.i10.3005","volume":"10","author":"P \u0141agosz","year":"2022","unstructured":"\u0141agosz P, Sokolski M, Biegus J, Tycinska A, Zymlinski R. Elevated intra-abdominal pressure: a review of current knowledge. World J Clin Cases. 2022;10(10):3005\u201313.","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"issue":"7","key":"4607_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-2906-z","volume":"39","author":"AW Kirkpatrick","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kirkpatrick AW, Roberts DJ, De Waele J, Jaeschke R, Malbrain ML, De Keulenaer B, et al. Intra-abdominal hypertension and the abdominal compartment syndrome: updated consensus definitions and clinical practice guidelines from the World Society of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome. Intensive Care Med. 2013;39(7):1190\u2013206.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"4607_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.08781010","volume":"6","author":"ME Grams","year":"2011","unstructured":"Grams ME, Estrella MM, Coresh J, Brower RG, Liu KD. Fluid balance, diuretic use, and mortality in acute kidney injury. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;6(5):966\u201373.","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4607_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-019-0557-0","volume":"9","author":"\u0141J Krzych","year":"2019","unstructured":"Krzych \u0141J, Czempik PF. Impact of furosemide on mortality and the requirement for renal replacement therapy in acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. Ann Intensive Care. 2019;9(1):85.","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"issue":"13","key":"4607_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i13.2044","volume":"19","author":"G Zhao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhao G, Zhang JG, Wu HS, Tao J, Qin Q, Deng SC, et al. Effects of different resuscitation fluid on severe acute pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;19(13):2044\u201352.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4607_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-2798-6","volume":"24","author":"GJ Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao GJ, Xu C, Ying JC, L\u00fc WB, Hong GL, Li MF, et al. Association between furosemide administration and outcomes in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):75.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"4607_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177692","volume":"999","author":"B Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang B, Sha W, Gui S, Zou ZY. Efficacy of albumin and loop diuretic co-administration in reducing mortality among septic patients with hypoalbuminemia. Eur J Pharmacol. 2025;999:177692.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4607_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01899-x","volume":"10","author":"AEW Johnson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Johnson AEW, Bulgarelli L, Shen L, Gayles A, Shammout A, Horng S, et al. MIMIC-IV, a freely accessible electronic health record dataset. Sci Data. 2023;10(1):1.","journal-title":"Sci Data"},{"issue":"5","key":"4607_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001797","volume":"265","author":"G Lonjon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lonjon G, Porcher R, Ergina P, Fouet M, Boutron I. Potential pitfalls of reporting and bias in observational studies with propensity score analysis assessing a surgical procedure: a methodological systematic review. Ann Surg. 2017;265(5):901\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4607_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-2782-1","volume":"24","author":"IE De Laet","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Laet IE, Malbrain M, De Waele JJ. A clinician\u2019s guide to management of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):97.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"4607_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-021-03509-5","volume":"25","author":"R Cinotti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cinotti R, Lascarrou JB, Azais MA, Colin G, Quenot JP, Mah\u00e9 PJ, et al. Diuretics decrease fluid balance in patients on invasive mechanical ventilation: the randomized-controlled single blind, IRIHS study. Crit Care. 2021;25(1):98.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"4607_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-022-01024-6","volume":"12","author":"S Wichmann","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wichmann S, Barbateskovic M, Liang N, Itenov TS, Berthelsen RE, Lindschou J, et al. Loop diuretics in adult intensive care patients with fluid overload: a systematic review of randomised clinical trials with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Ann Intensive Care. 2022;12(1):52.","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"4607_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2009.06228.x","volume":"65","author":"KM Ho","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ho KM, Power BM. Benefits and risks of furosemide in acute kidney injury. Anaesthesia. 2010;65(3):283\u201393.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"8","key":"4607_CR24","first-page":"813","volume":"32","author":"U Kesici","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kesici U, Kesici S, Polat E, Agca B, Turkmen UA, Ozcan D, et al. Effects of intra-abdominal pressure increase on intestinal ischemia and bacterial translocation in experimental sepsis model. Saudi Med J. 2011;32(8):813\u20137.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"issue":"6","key":"4607_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R283","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13146","volume":"17","author":"J Cheng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cheng J, Wei Z, Liu X, Li X, Yuan Z, Zheng J, et al. The role of intestinal mucosa injury induced by intra-abdominal hypertension in the development of abdominal compartment syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Crit Care. 2013;17(6):R283.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"4607_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2014.01.007","volume":"47","author":"P Skoog","year":"2014","unstructured":"Skoog P, H\u00f6rer TM, Nilsson KF, Norgren L, Larzon T, Jansson K. Abdominal hypertension and decompression: the effect on peritoneal metabolism in an experimental porcine study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2014;47(4):402\u201310.","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"4607_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0969-4","volume":"34","author":"L Dalfino","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dalfino L, Tullo L, Donadio I, Malcangi V, Brienza N. Intra-abdominal hypertension and acute renal failure in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 2008;34(4):707\u201313.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"4607_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010121222","volume":"22","author":"H Mohmand","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mohmand H, Goldfarb S. Renal dysfunction associated with intra-abdominal hypertension and the abdominal compartment syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;22(4):615\u201321.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"4607_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1179\/acb.2007.62.s1.015","volume":"62","author":"I De Laet","year":"2007","unstructured":"De Laet I, Malbrain ML, Jadoul JL, Rogiers P, Sugrue M. Renal implications of increased intra-abdominal pressure: are the kidneys the canary for abdominal hypertension? Acta Clin Belg. 2007;62(Suppl 1):119\u201330.","journal-title":"Acta Clin Belg"},{"issue":"4","key":"4607_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00918-x","volume":"21","author":"R Agarwal","year":"2025","unstructured":"Agarwal R, Verma A, Georgianos PI. Diuretics in patients with chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2025;21(4):264\u201378.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4607_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001621","volume":"136","author":"CC Petro","year":"2015","unstructured":"Petro CC, Raigani S, Fayezizadeh M, Rowbottom JR, Klick JC, Prabhu AS, et al. Permissible intraabdominal hypertension following complex abdominal wall reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015;136(4):868\u201381.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"4607_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2006.03849.x","volume":"76","author":"JJ Chionh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chionh JJ, Wei BP, Martin JA, Opdam HI. Determining normal values for intra-abdominal pressure. ANZ J Surg. 2006;76(12):1106\u20139.","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4607_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2010.08.034","volume":"57","author":"JJ De Waele","year":"2011","unstructured":"De Waele JJ, De Laet I, Kirkpatrick AW, Hoste E. Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011;57(1):159\u201369.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"4607_CR34","first-page":"80","volume":"18","author":"G Hedenstierna","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hedenstierna G, Larsson A. Influence of abdominal pressure on respiratory and abdominal organ function. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2012;18(1):80\u20135.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"4607_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs102","volume":"14","author":"B Bishara","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bishara B, Abu-Saleh N, Awad H, Ghrayeb N, Goltsman I, Aronson D, et al. Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition protects against increased intra-abdominal pressure-induced renal dysfunction in experimental congestive heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2012;14(10):1104\u201311.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"4","key":"4607_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2007.12.013","volume":"23","author":"T Regueira","year":"2008","unstructured":"Regueira T, Bruhn A, Hasbun P, Aguirre M, Romero C, Llanos O, et al. Intra-abdominal hypertension: incidence and association with organ dysfunction during early septic shock. J Crit Care. 2008;23(4):461\u20137.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"4607_CR37","first-page":"903","volume":"41","author":"M Serpytis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Serpytis M, Ivaskevicius J. Intra-abdominal hypertension and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Medicina (Kaunas). 2005;41(11):903\u20139.","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"2","key":"4607_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1159\/000074675","volume":"70","author":"A Brandoni","year":"2004","unstructured":"Brandoni A, Villar SR, Torres AM. Gender-related differences in the pharmacodynamics of furosemide in rats. Pharmacology. 2004;70(2):107\u201312.","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"4607_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1993.tb01655.x","volume":"72","author":"PE Sandstr\u00f6m","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sandstr\u00f6m PE, Sehlin J, Amark K. Furosemide treatment causes age-dependent glucose intolerance and islet damage in obese-hyperglycaemic mice. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1993;72(4\u20135):304\u20139.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4607_CR40","first-page":"271","volume":"5","author":"AL Kerremans","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kerremans AL, Gribnau FW. Changes in pharmacokinetics and in effect of furosemide in the elderly. Clin Exp Hypertens A. 1983;5(2):271\u201384.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Hypertens A"}],"container-title":["BMC Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12876-026-04607-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-026-04607-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12876-026-04607-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T14:13:11Z","timestamp":1770905591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12876-026-04607-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4607"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-026-04607-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-230X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-230X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"For MIMIC-IV, the institutional reviews board at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center granted a waiver of informed consent and approved the data sharing initiative.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"121"}}