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Assessments included body weight, Disease Activity Index (DAI), and colon length measurements. Serum and tissue inflammatory markers were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Histological analysis was performed using Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining, Ki67 and Lgr5 immunohistochemistry, Alcian Blue-Periodic Acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) staining, and immunofluorescence for Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1) and Occludin. Transcriptomic sequencing with functional enrichment analyses was conducted, followed by Western blot validation of IL-17\u00a0A, CCL7, CXCL2, and MMP13 protein expression. IL-17 inhibitor experiments were performed to validate the causal relationship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CA administration attenuated body weight loss and reduced DAI scores in a dose-dependent manner while preserving colon length. CA treatment suppressed the elevation of IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1 levels induced by irradiation. Furthermore, CA enhanced the abundance of Ki67-positive and Lgr5-positive cells, increased goblet cell numbers and mucus secretion, and restored the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin, thereby improving histological damage. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant enrichment of IL-17 signaling pathways associated with regeneration and inflammation. Protein levels of IL-17\u00a0A, CCL7, CXCL2, and MMP13 were upregulated following CA treatment. Importantly, IL-17 inhibition abolished the protective effects of CA, confirming the dependence on IL-17 signaling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CA exerts protective effects against radiation-induced intestinal injury by modulating the IL-17-related signaling network, thereby promoting intestinal epithelial regeneration and barrier repair. These findings suggest that CA may represent a potential metabolic intervention strategy for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced gastrointestinal damage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-026-04689-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T05:44:35Z","timestamp":1771047875000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Citraconic acid mitigates radiation-induced intestinal injury by modulating IL-17 signaling to enhance epithelial regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"XiaoJie","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiangchen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MaoXian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"4689_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2024.0105","volume":"43","author":"D Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao D, Zhang H, Sun W, Wang H, Wang H. 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All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with guidelines set forth by the Animal Care and Use Committee, and the animal use license was obtained (License No. SYXK(Zhe)2022-0015).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"185"}}