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Every patient was assessed for the presence of\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      by rapid test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Estimation of\n                      <jats:italic>FokI<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>BsmI<\/jats:italic>\n                      VDR gene polymorphism was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism-Polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Infection with\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      was present in 46.7% of cases overall. Liver cirrhosis (LC) patients had a higher prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection, followed by HCC patients (59% and 42%, respectively). Patients with LC and HCC were shown to be\n                      <jats:italic>CagA<\/jats:italic>\n                      positive, with the target\n                      <jats:italic>CagA<\/jats:italic>\n                      oncogene gene having an expected product size of 37.3% and 35.7%, respectively. LC and HCC patients showed a significant difference between the\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      -positive and -negative groups. Concerning the BsmI polymorphism, HCC patients with\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori-CagA<\/jats:italic>\n                      positive had a higher GC genotype than those with\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori-CagA<\/jats:italic>\n                      negative, and LC and HCC patients with\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori-CagA<\/jats:italic>\n                      positive had a higher TT genotype than those with\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori-CagA<\/jats:italic>\n                      negative.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>FokI<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>BsmI<\/jats:italic>\n                      VDR polymorphisms may be linked to\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and\n                      <jats:italic>CagA<\/jats:italic>\n                      strain susceptibility in patients with LC and HCC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-026-04740-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T03:35:37Z","timestamp":1775100937000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and its association with the susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori infection in the Egyptian population with hepatocellular carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8119-9549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asmaa","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaymaa Abdelraheem","family":"Abdelhady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Rageh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasha","family":"Elgamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Medhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reham F.","family":"Othman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hend A.","family":"Yassin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmine N.","family":"Kamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman M.","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almaza Ali","family":"Salim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samar S.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reham","family":"Mohamed Shaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doaa","family":"Eltaweel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4740_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12010222","volume":"12","author":"A Ali","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ali A, AlHussaini KI. 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