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The outcome was incident esophageal or gastric cancer. Various variables, including sociodemographic data, medical conditions, medication, lifestyle factors and diet, were initially considered. To be able to use the RS as a screening tool in the general population, only variables that can be determined by self-report were selected. For variable selection, we used COX regression models with LASSO penalization; the main criterion was 5- and 10-years AUC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The final score included the following eight variables: sex, age, smoking status, drinking status, body mass index, history of esophagitis, medication with gastric acid inhibitors and surgery in the stomach\/esophagus area. 10-fold cross-validation revealed a discrimination of 0.740 (5-year AUC) and 0.724 (10-year AUC), respectively. High-risk individuals were defined as those with a 10-year cancer risk of 1% or more (around 6% of the study population).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The RS allows a reasonable discrimination of individuals with an elevated risk of gastric or esophageal cancer. In further steps of the RISC-GAP project it will be evaluated whether selection of a high-risk population can be further improved by additional clinical and biomarker information.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-026-05069-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T05:57:57Z","timestamp":1782712677000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk score for esophageal and gastric cancer in the over 50-year-old population based on self-reported information \u2013the RISC-GAP project"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Timo","family":"Schmitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Reizner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sha","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Sch\u00f6ttker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Roser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Messmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christa","family":"Meisinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Linseisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"5069_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2022.103841","volume":"181","author":"MJ L\u00f3pez","year":"2023","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez MJ, Carbajal J, Alfaro AL, Saravia LG, Zanabria D, Araujo JM, et al. 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