{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:11:13Z","timestamp":1790683873763,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]],"date-time":"2018-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539648000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004312","name":"Eli Lilly and Company","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Geriatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-018-0920-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]],"date-time":"2018-10-16T13:19:24Z","timestamp":1539695964000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Retrospective assessment of patient characteristics and healthcare costs prior to a diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease in an administrative claims database"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Radhika","family":"Nair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia S.","family":"Haynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mir","family":"Siadaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick C.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam S.","family":"Fleisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"Van Amerongen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Witte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AnnCatherine M.","family":"Downing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie Ann Hazel","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishal","family":"Saundankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Ball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"920_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2016, 12(4):459\u2013509.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.03.001"},{"issue":"11","key":"920_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70223-4","volume":"9","author":"B Dubois","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dubois B, Feldman HH, Jacova C, Cummings JL, Dekosky ST, Barberger-Gateau P, Delacourte A, Frisoni G, Fox NC, Galasko D, et al. Revising the definition of Alzheimer's disease: a new lexicon. The Lancet Neurology. 2010;9(11):1118\u201327.","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"920_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.003","volume":"7","author":"RA Sperling","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sperling RA, Aisen PS, Beckett LA, Bennett DA, Craft S, Fagan AM, Iwatsubo T, Jack CR Jr, Kaye J, Montine TJ, et al. Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. 2011;7(3):280\u201392.","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association"},{"issue":"5","key":"920_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182452862","volume":"78","author":"RO Roberts","year":"2012","unstructured":"Roberts RO, Geda YE, Knopman DS, Cha RH, Pankratz VS, Boeve BF, Tangalos EG, Ivnik RJ, Rocca WA, Petersen RC. The incidence of MCI differs by subtype and is higher in men: the Mayo Clinic study of aging. Neurology. 2012;78(5):342\u201351.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"920_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160105","volume":"54","author":"R. Liisa Jaakkimainen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jaakkimainen RL, Bronskill SE, Tierney MC, Herrmann N, Green D, Young J, Ivers N, Butt D, Widdifield J, Tu K. Identification of physician-diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in population-based administrative data: a validation study using family physicians' electronic medical records. Journal of Alzheimer's disease: JAD. 2016;54(1):337\u201349.","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease"},{"issue":"4","key":"920_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000070","volume":"29","author":"DM Gilden","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gilden DM, Kubisiak JM, Sarsour K, Hunter CA. Diagnostic pathways to Alzheimer disease: costs incurred in a Medicare population. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2015;29(4):330\u20137.","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"920_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s40258-013-0038-9","volume":"11","author":"DS Geldmacher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Geldmacher DS, Kirson NY, Birnbaum HG, Eapen S, Kantor E, Cummings AK, Joish VN. Pre-diagnosis excess acute care costs in Alzheimer's patients among a US Medicaid population. Applied health economics and health policy. 2013;11(4):407\u201313.","journal-title":"Applied health economics and health policy"},{"issue":"5","key":"920_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2008.02.007","volume":"4","author":"JR Frytak","year":"2008","unstructured":"Frytak JR, Henk HJ, Zhao Y, Bowman L, Flynn JA, Nelson M. Health service utilization among Alzheimer's disease patients: evidence from managed care. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. 2008;4(5):361\u20137.","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association"},{"issue":"4","key":"920_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317513488911","volume":"28","author":"Brandon T. Suehs","year":"2013","unstructured":"Suehs BT, Davis CD, Alvir J, van Amerongen D, Patel NC, Joshi AV, Faison WE, Shah SN. The clinical and economic burden of newly diagnosed Alzheimer's disease in a medicare advantage population. American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. 2013;28(4):384\u201392.","journal-title":"American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementiasr"},{"issue":"3","key":"920_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12694","volume":"62","author":"BT Suehs","year":"2014","unstructured":"Suehs BT, Shah SN, Davis CD, Alvir J, Faison WE, Patel NC, van Amerongen D, Bobula J. Household members of persons with Alzheimer's disease: health conditions, healthcare resource use, and healthcare costs. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014;62(3):435\u201341.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"8","key":"920_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14227","volume":"64","author":"PJ Lin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lin PJ, Zhong Y, Fillit HM, Chen E, Neumann PJ. Medicare expenditures of individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias or mild cognitive impairment before and after diagnosis. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016;64(8):1549\u201357.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"920_CR12","unstructured":"What is Medicare Advantage. [ https:\/\/www.medicare.gov\/Pubs\/pdf\/11474.pdf ]."},{"issue":"6","key":"920_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(92)90133-8","volume":"45","author":"RA Deyo","year":"1992","unstructured":"Deyo RA, Cherkin DC, Ciol MA. Adapting a clinical comorbidity index for use with ICD-9-CM administrative databases. J Clin Epidemiol. 1992;45(6):613\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"920_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(00)00256-0","volume":"53","author":"CN Klabunde","year":"2000","unstructured":"Klabunde CN, Potosky AL, Legler JM, Warren JL. Development of a comorbidity index using physician claims data. J Clin Epidemiol. 2000;53(12):1258\u201367.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"920_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200208000-00007","volume":"40","author":"Hude Quan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Quan H, Parsons GA, Ghali WA. Validity of information on comorbidity derived from ICD-9-CCM administrative data. Med Care. 2002;40(8):675\u201385.","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"920_CR16","first-page":"761","volume":"41","author":"KL Sloan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sloan KL, Sales AE, Liu CF, Fishman P, Nichol P, Suzuki NT, Sharp ND. Construction and characteristics of the RxRisk-V: a VA-adapted pharmacy-based case-mix instrument. Med Care. 2003;41(6):761\u201374.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"920_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.1390","volume":"22","author":"DE Faries","year":"2013","unstructured":"Faries DE, Chen Y, Lipkovich I, Zagar A, Liu X, Obenchain RL. Local control for identifying subgroups of interest in observational research: persistence of treatment for major depressive disorder. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2013;22(3):185\u201394.","journal-title":"Int J Methods Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"920_CR18","unstructured":"Morgan J. Classification and regression tree analysis (technical report 1). In.: Boston University School of Public Health. Department of Health Policy & Management."},{"issue":"2","key":"920_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011146","volume":"7","author":"L Lang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lang L, Clifford A, Wei L, Zhang D, Leung D, Augustine G, Danat IM, Zhou W, Copeland JR, Anstey KJ, et al. Prevalence and determinants of undetected dementia in the community: a systematic literature review and a meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2017;7(2):e011146.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"920_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150692","volume":"49","author":"B Dubois","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dubois B, Padovani A, Scheltens P, Rossi A, Dell'Agnello G. Timely diagnosis for Alzheimer's disease: a literature review on benefits and challenges. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. 2016;49(3):617\u201331.","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD"},{"issue":"11","key":"920_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glv124","volume":"70","author":"CW Zhu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhu CW, Cosentino S, Ornstein K, Gu Y, Scarmeas N, Andrews H, Stern Y. Medicare utilization and expenditures around incident dementia in a multiethnic cohort. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2015;70(11):1448\u201353.","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"}],"container-title":["BMC Geriatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-018-0920-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12877-018-0920-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-018-0920-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]],"date-time":"2020-11-13T05:12:56Z","timestamp":1605244376000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12877-018-0920-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["920"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-018-0920-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 October 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 September 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 October 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was reviewed and received approval from Schulman IRB.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"<tt>\u25cb<\/tt>\u2003Virginia S. Haynes, Adam S. Fleisher, Michael Witte, AnnCatherine Downing, are full-time employees and stockholders of Eli Lilly and Company.<tt>\u25cb<\/tt>\u2003Daniel E. Ball is a stockholder of Eli Lilly and Company.<tt>\u25cb<\/tt>\u2003Radhika Nair and Nick Patel are employees of Comprehensive Health Insights, Humana Inc., which received funding and Sponsorship from Eli Lilly and Humana to conduct this study.<tt>\u25cb<\/tt>\u2003Vishal Saundankar, Mir Siadaty, and Leslie Hazel-Fernandez, were employees of Comprehensive Health Insights, Humana Inc. at the time of the study.<tt>\u25cb<\/tt>\u2003Daniel E. Ball was an employee of Eli Lilly and Company at the time of the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"243"}}