{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T04:53:54Z","timestamp":1781067234943,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]],"date-time":"2019-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561334400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]],"date-time":"2019-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Health Research Board","award":["IDS-TILDA-2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDS-TILDA-2015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Geriatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-019-1190-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]],"date-time":"2019-06-24T14:39:40Z","timestamp":1561387180000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Association of Drug Burden Index with grip strength, timed up and go and Barthel index activities of daily living in older adults with intellectual disabilities: an observational cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1114-9778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliette","family":"O\u2019Connell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin C.","family":"Henman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c9ilish","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare","family":"Donegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"McCallion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"McCarron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1ire","family":"O\u2019Dwyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"1190_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/ddrr.1123","volume":"18","author":"AMW Coppus","year":"2013","unstructured":"Coppus AMW. People with intellectual disability: what do we know about adulthood and life expectancy? Dev Dis Res Rev. 2013;18(1):6\u201316.","journal-title":"Dev Dis Res Rev."},{"key":"1190_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2788.2000.00280.x","volume":"44","author":"K Patja","year":"2000","unstructured":"Patja K, Iivanainen M, Vesala H, Oksanen H, Ruoppila I. Life expectancy of people with intellectual disability: a 35-year follow-up study. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2000;44 ( Pt 5:591\u20139.","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"1190_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1080\/096382899297710","volume":"21","author":"MP Janicki","year":"1999","unstructured":"Janicki MP, Dalton AJ, Henderson CM, Davidson PW. Mortality and morbidity among older adults with intellectual disability: health services considerations. Disabil Rehabil. 1999;21(5\u20136):284\u201394.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"9920","key":"1190_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62026-7","volume":"383","author":"P Heslop","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heslop P, Blair PS, Fleming P, Hoghton M, Marriott A, Russ L. The confidential inquiry into premature deaths of people with intellectual disabilities in the UK: a population-based study. Lancet. 2014;383(9920):889\u201395.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.906","volume":"304","author":"EA Perkins","year":"2010","unstructured":"Perkins EA, Moran JA. Aging adults with intellectual disabilities. J Am Med Assoc. 2010;304(1):91\u20132.","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2012.07.029","volume":"34","author":"M McCarron","year":"2013","unstructured":"McCarron M, Swinburne J, Burke E, McGlinchey E, Carroll R, McCallion P. Patterns of multimorbidity in an older population of persons with an intellectual disability: results from the intellectual disability supplement to the Irish longitudinal study on aging (IDS-TILDA). Res Dev Disabil. 2013;34(1):521\u20137.","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"key":"1190_CR8","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Ageing and intellectual disabilities - improving longevity and promoting healthy ageing: summative report. Geneva, Switzerland; 2000."},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR9","first-page":"70","volume":"12","author":"GL Krahn","year":"2006","unstructured":"Krahn GL, Hammond L, Turner A. A cascade of disparities: health and health care access for people with intellectual disabilities. Dev Dis Res Rev. 2006;12(1):70\u201382.","journal-title":"Dev Dis Res Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"1190_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70855","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070855","volume":"8","author":"Afia Ali","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ali A, Scior K, Ratti V, Strydom A, King M, Hassiotis A. Discrimination and other barriers to accessing health care: perspectives of patients with mild and moderate intellectual disability and their Carers. PLoS One. 2013;8.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"1190_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1352\/1944-7558-119.3.253","volume":"119","author":"M McCarron","year":"2014","unstructured":"McCarron M, O'Dwyer M, Burke E, McGlinchey E, McCallion P. Epidemiology of epilepsy in older adults with an intellectual disability in Ireland: associations and service implications. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2014;119(3):253\u201360.","journal-title":"Am J Intellect Dev Disabil."},{"key":"1190_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.115.173971","volume":"209","author":"M O'Dwyer","year":"2016","unstructured":"O'Dwyer M, Maidment ID, Bennett K, Peklar J, Mulryan N, McCallion P, et al. Association of anticholinergic burden with adverse effects in older people with intellectual disabilities: an observational cross-sectional study. Br J Psychiatry. 2016;209:1\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"1190_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e010505","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010505","volume":"6","author":"M\u00e1ire O'Dwyer","year":"2016","unstructured":"O'Dwyer M, Peklar J, McCallion P, McCarron M, Henman M. Factors associated with polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy in older people with intellectual disability differ from the general population: a cross-sectional observational nationwide study. BMJ Open. 2016;6.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"1190_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Axmon A, Sandberg M, Ahlstr\u00f6m G, Midl\u00f6v P. Prescription of potentially inappropriate medications among older people with intellectual disability: a register study. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2017;18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-017-0174-1"},{"issue":"3","key":"1190_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13479","volume":"84","author":"J O'Connell","year":"2018","unstructured":"O'Connell J, Burke E, Mulryan N, O'Dwyer C, Donegan C, McCallion P, et al. Drug burden index to define the burden of medicines in older adults with intellectual disabilities: an observational cross-sectional study. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2018;84(3):553\u201367.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"1190_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2011.03386.x","volume":"59","author":"NM Wilson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wilson NM, Hilmer SN, March LM, Cameron ID, Lord SR, Seibel MJ, et al. Associations between drug burden index and falls in older people in residential aged care. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011;59:875\u201380.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"7","key":"1190_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3624","volume":"23","author":"PS Nishtala","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nishtala PS, Narayan SW, Wang T, Hilmer SN. Associations of drug burden index with falls, general practitioner visits, and mortality in older people. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2014;23(7):753\u20138.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270010395591","volume":"52","author":"D Gnjidic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gnjidic D, Le Couteur DG, Abernethy DR, Hilmer SN. Drug burden index and beers criteria: impact on functional outcomes in older people living in self-care retirement villages. J Clin Pharmacol. 2012;52(2):258\u201365.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2009.03411.x","volume":"68","author":"D Gnjidic","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gnjidic D, Cumming RG, Le Couteur DG, Handelsman DJ, Naganathan V, Abernethy DR, et al. Drug burden index and physical function in older Australian men. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2009;68(1):97\u2013105.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1190_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142-1149.e2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.021","volume":"122","author":"Sarah N. Hilmer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hilmer SN, Mager DE, Simonsick EM, Ling SM, Windham BG, Harris TB et al. Drug burden index score and functional decline in older people. Am J Med 2009; 122(12):1142\u20131149.e1141-1142.","journal-title":"The American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"1190_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.8.781","volume":"167","author":"SN Hilmer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hilmer SN, Mager DE, Simonsick EM, Cao Y, Ling SM, Windham G, et al. A drug burden index to define the functional burden of medications in older people. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:781\u20137.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e3182487825","volume":"32","author":"D Gnjidic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gnjidic D, Le Couteur DG, Naganathan V, Cumming RG, Creasey H, Waite LM, et al. Effects of drug burden index on cognitive function in older men. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2012;32(2):273\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083224","volume":"9","author":"D Gnjidic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gnjidic D, Hilmer SN, Hartikainen S, Tolppanen A-M, Taipale H, Koponen M, et al. Impact of high risk drug use on hospitalization and mortality in older people with and without Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a National Population Cohort Study. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e83224.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"1190_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-014-9985-8","volume":"21","author":"CK Floroff","year":"2014","unstructured":"Floroff CK, Slattum PW, Harpe SE, Taylor P, Brophy GM. Potentially inappropriate medication use is associated with clinical outcomes in critically ill elderly patients with neurological injury. Neurocrit Care. 2014;21(3):526\u201333.","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1159\/000342172","volume":"2","author":"PR Bosboom","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bosboom PR, Alfonso H, Almeida OP, Beer C. Use of potentially harmful medications and health-related quality of life among people with dementia living in residential aged care facilities. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra. 2012;2(1):361\u201371.","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra"},{"issue":"11","key":"1190_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266-013-0111-y","volume":"30","author":"SW Narayan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Narayan SW, Hilmer SN, Horsburgh S, Nishtala PS. Anticholinergic component of the drug burden index and the anticholinergic drug scale as measures of anticholinergic exposure in older people in New Zealand: a population-level study. Drugs Aging. 2013;30(11):927\u201334.","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2016.1252053","volume":"49","author":"KM Jamsen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jamsen KM, Gnjidic D, Hilmer SN, Ilomaki J, Le Couteur DG, Blyth FM, et al. Drug burden index and change in cognition over time in community-dwelling older men: the CHAMP study. Ann Med. 2017;49(2):157\u201364.","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"1190_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.2165\/11631420-000000000-00000","volume":"29","author":"E Lonnroos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lonnroos E, Gnjidic D, Hilmer SN, Bell JS, Kautiainen H, Sulkava R, et al. Drug burden index and hospitalization among community-dwelling older people. Drugs Aging. 2012;29(5):395\u2013404.","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"issue":"5","key":"1190_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000195","volume":"34","author":"V Dauphinot","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dauphinot V, Faure R, Omrani S, Goutelle S, Bourguignon L, Krolak-Salmon P, et al. Exposure to anticholinergic and sedative drugs, risk of falls, and mortality: an elderly inpatient, multicenter cohort. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2014;34(5):565\u201370.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"1190_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dauphinot V, Faure R, Bourguignon L, Goutelle S, Krolak-Salmon P, Mouchoux C. Factors associated with changes in exposure to anticholinergic and sedative medications in elderly hospitalized patients: multicentre longitudinal study. Eur J Neurol. 2016.","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13228"},{"issue":"8","key":"1190_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.12203","volume":"43","author":"O Best","year":"2013","unstructured":"Best O, Gnjidic D, Hilmer SN, Naganathan V, McLachlan AJ. Investigating polypharmacy and drug burden index in hospitalised older people. Intern Med J. 2013;43(8):912\u20138.","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"1190_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12670","volume":"80","author":"LG Pont","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pont LG, Nielen JT, McLachlan AJ, Gnjidic D, Chan L, Cumming RG, et al. Measuring anticholinergic drug exposure in older community-dwelling Australian men: a comparison of four different measures. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2015;80(5):1169\u201375.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"1190_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38623.768588.47","volume":"331","author":"J Glass","year":"2005","unstructured":"Glass J, Lanct\u00f4t KL, Herrmann N, Sproule BA, Busto UE. Sedative hypnotics in older people with insomnia: meta-analysis of risks and benefits. BMJ. 2005;331:1169.","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"1190_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2014.10.010","volume":"16","author":"J Peklar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Peklar J, O'Halloran AM, Maidment ID, Henman MC, Kenny RA, Kos M. Sedative load and frailty among community-dwelling population aged \u226565 years. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015;16:282\u20139.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"1190_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1159\/000022013","volume":"44","author":"DK Weiner","year":"1998","unstructured":"Weiner DK, Hanlon JT, Studenski SA. Effects of central nervous system polypharmacy on falls liability in community-dwelling elderly. Gerontology. 1998;44:217\u201321.","journal-title":"Gerontology."},{"issue":"suppl_2","key":"1190_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ii37","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afl084","volume":"35","author":"Laurence Z. Rubenstein","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rubenstein LZ. Falls in older people: epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for prevention. Age Ageing. 2006; 35-S2:ii37-ii41.","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"},{"issue":"5","key":"1190_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-011-9536-8","volume":"33","author":"K Johnell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Johnell K, Fastbom J. Gender and use of hypnotics or sedatives in old age: a nationwide register-based study. Int J Clin Pharm. 2011;33(5):788\u201393.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1586\/17512433.2014.864949","volume":"7","author":"HB Levy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Levy HB. Non-benzodiazepine hypnotics and older adults: what are we learning about zolpidem? Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2014;7(1):5\u20138.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2043-5","volume":"24","author":"P Vestergaard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vestergaard P, Prieto-Alhambra D, Javaid MK, Cooper C. Fractures in users of antidepressants and anxiolytics and sedatives: effects of age and dose. Osteoporos Int. 2013;24(2):671\u201380.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2012.01063.x","volume":"28","author":"D Gnjidic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gnjidic D, Le Couteur DG, Hilmer SN, Cumming RG, Blyth FM, Naganathan V, et al. Sedative load and functional outcomes in community-dwelling older Australian men: the CHAMP study. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2014;28(1):10\u20139.","journal-title":"Fundam Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1190_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.clpt.6100303","volume":"83","author":"YJ Cao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cao YJ, Mager DE, Simonsick EM, Hilmer SN, Ling SM, Windham BG, et al. Physical and cognitive performance and burden of anticholinergics, sedatives, and ACE inhibitors in older women. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008;83(3):422\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"1190_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S66660","volume":"9","author":"L Kouladjian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kouladjian L, Gnjidic D, Chen TF, Mangoni AA. Drug burden index in older adults: theoretical and practical issues. Clin Interv Aging. 2014;9:1503\u201315.","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"issue":"3","key":"1190_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2011.258","volume":"91","author":"D Gnjidic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gnjidic D, Hilmer SN, Blyth FM, Naganathan V, Cumming RG, Handelsman DJ, et al. High-risk prescribing and incidence of frailty among older community-dwelling men. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2012;91(3):521\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.2165\/11531560-000000000-00000","volume":"27","author":"RL Castelino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Castelino RL, Hilmer SN, Bajorek BV, Nishtala P, Chen TF. Drug burden index and potentially inappropriate medications in community-dwelling older people: the impact of home medicines review. Drugs Aging. 2010;27(2):135\u201348.","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"issue":"5","key":"1190_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2011.573499","volume":"44","author":"D Gnjidic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gnjidic D, Bell JS, Hilmer SN, Lonnroos E, Sulkava R, Hartikainen S. Drug burden index associated with function in community-dwelling older people in Finland: a cross-sectional study. Ann Med. 2012;44(5):458\u201367.","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13877","volume":"64","author":"KM Jamsen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jamsen KM, Bell JS, Hilmer SN, Kirkpatrick CM, Ilomaki J, Le Couteur D, et al. Effects of changes in number of medications and drug burden index exposure on transitions between frailty states and death: the Concord health and ageing in men project cohort study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016;64(1):89\u201395.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.3109\/13668250.2012.681773","volume":"37","author":"TI Hilgenkamp","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hilgenkamp TI, van Wijck R, Evenhuis HM. Feasibility and reliability of physical fitness tests in older adults with intellectual disability: a pilot study. J Intellect Develop Disabil. 2012;37(2):158\u201362.","journal-title":"J Intellect Develop Disabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1352\/1934-9556-51.01.033","volume":"51","author":"TI Hilgenkamp","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hilgenkamp TI, van Wijck R, Evenhuis HM. Feasibility of eight physical fitness tests in 1,050 older adults with intellectual disability: results of the healthy ageing with intellectual disabilities study. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2013;51(1):33\u201347.","journal-title":"Intellect Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2012.08.014","volume":"34","author":"L Enkelaar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Enkelaar L, Smulders E. Van Schrojenstein Lantman-de Valk H, Weerdesteyn V, Geurts AC. Clinical measures are feasible and sensitive to assess balance and gait capacities in older persons with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. Res Dev Disabil. 2013;34(1):276\u201385.","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"key":"1190_CR50","unstructured":"Burke E, McCarron M, McCallion P. Advancing Years, Different Challenges: Wave 2 IDS-TILDA Findings of the ageing of people with Intellectual Disability. Dublin: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin; 2014: 1\u2013178."},{"key":"1190_CR51","volume-title":"Growing older with an intellectual disability in Ireland 2011: first results from the intellectual disability supplement to the Irish longitudinal study on ageing","author":"M McCarron","year":"2011","unstructured":"McCarron M, Swinburne J, Burke E, McGlinchey E, Mulryan N, Andrews V, et al. Growing older with an intellectual disability in Ireland 2011: first results from the intellectual disability supplement to the Irish longitudinal study on ageing. Dublin: School of Nursing, Trinity College; 2011."},{"key":"1190_CR52","unstructured":"Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Results from Wave 2. https:\/\/idstilda.tcd.ie\/about\/resultsw2.php . Accessed 18 Dec 2018."},{"key":"1190_CR53","volume-title":"Bone health in older adults with intellectual disability","author":"E Burke","year":"2016","unstructured":"Burke E. Bone health in older adults with intellectual disability. Dublin, Ireland: Trinity College; 2016."},{"key":"1190_CR54","volume-title":"One size does not fit all, making reasonable adjustment to facilitate the engagement of people with intellectual disability in objective health assessment","author":"E Burke","year":"2016","unstructured":"Burke E, Walsh J, McCallion P, McCarron M. One size does not fit all, making reasonable adjustment to facilitate the engagement of people with intellectual disability in objective health assessment. Melbourne, Australia: IASSIDD Congress; 2016."},{"issue":"12","key":"1190_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.013","volume":"12","author":"E von Elm","year":"2014","unstructured":"von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP, et al. The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Int J Surg. 2014;12(12):1495\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"1190_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.014","volume":"12","author":"JP Vandenbroucke","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vandenbroucke JP, von Elm E, Altman DG, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Mulrow CD, Pocock SJ, et al. Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration. Int J Surg. 2014;12(12):1500\u201324.","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0420.1999.770215.x","volume":"77","author":"T Kaila","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kaila T, Korte JM, Saari KM. Systemic bioavailability of ocularly applied 1% atropine eyedrops. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1999;77(2):193\u20136.","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"key":"1190_CR58","unstructured":"Health products regulatory authority. Summary of product characteristics Stemetil 5mg tablets. https:\/\/www.hpra.ie\/img\/uploaded\/swedocuments\/LicenseSPC_PA0540-127-005_09032018091041.pdf . Accessed 21 June 2019."},{"key":"1190_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.846","volume":"18","author":"T Linjakumpu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Linjakumpu T, Hartikainen S, Klaukka T, Koponen H, Kivel\u00e4 S-L, Isoaho R. A model to classify the sedative load of drugs. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2003;18:542\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"1190_CR60","unstructured":"Health Products Regulatory Authority. Health Products Regulatory Authority. http:\/\/www.hpra.ie . Accessed Jan to Jun 2016."},{"issue":"6","key":"1190_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0129585","volume":"10","author":"A Cuesta-Vargas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cuesta-Vargas A, Hilgenkamp T. Reference values of grip strength measured with a Jamar dynamometer in 1526 adults with intellectual disabilities and compared to adults without intellectual disability. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0129585.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR62","first-page":"69","volume":"66","author":"V Mathiowetz","year":"1985","unstructured":"Mathiowetz V, Kashman N, Volland G, Weber K, Dowe M, Rogers S. Grip and pinch strength: normative data for adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1985;66(2):69\u201374.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(84)80146-X","volume":"9","author":"V Mathiowetz","year":"1984","unstructured":"Mathiowetz V, Weber K, Volland G, Kashman N. Reliability and validity of grip and pinch strength evaluations. J Hand Surg Am. 1984;9(2):222\u20136.","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"1190_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afr051","volume":"40","author":"HC Roberts","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roberts HC, Denison HJ, Martin HJ, Patel HP, Syddall H, Cooper C, et al. A review of the measurement of grip strength in clinical and epidemiological studies: towards a standardised approach. Age Ageing. 2011;40(4):423\u20139.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x","volume":"39","author":"D Podsiadlo","year":"1991","unstructured":"Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed \"up & go\": a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991;39(2):142\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"12","key":"1190_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12216","volume":"59","author":"J Salb","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salb J, Finlayson J, Almutaseb S, Scharfenberg B, Becker C, Sieber C, et al. Test-retest reliability and agreement of physical fall risk assessment tools in adults with intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2015;59(12):1121\u20139.","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288809164103","volume":"10","author":"C. Collin","year":"1988","unstructured":"Collin C, Wade DT, Davies S, Horne V. The Barthel ADL index: a reliability study. Int Disabil Stud. 1988;10(2).","journal-title":"International Disability Studies"},{"issue":"3","key":"1190_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afi063","volume":"34","author":"A Sainsbury","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sainsbury A, Seebass G, Bansal A, Young JB. Reliability of the Barthel index when used with older people. Age Ageing. 2005;34(3):228\u201332.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"4","key":"1190_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2012.01.013","volume":"33","author":"TI Hilgenkamp","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hilgenkamp TI, van Wijck R, Evenhuis HM. Low physical fitness levels in older adults with ID: results of the HA-ID study. Res Dev Disabil. 2012;33(4):1048\u201358.","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"8","key":"1190_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB","volume":"35","author":"CL Craig","year":"2003","unstructured":"Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjostrom M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1381\u201395.","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"1190_CR71","unstructured":"International Physical Activity Questionnaire Research Committee. Guidelines for Data Processing and Analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) \u2013 Short and Long Forms. https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/theipaq\/scoring-protocol . Accessed 13 Feb 2019."},{"key":"1190_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-5-35","volume":"5","author":"AJ Vickers","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vickers AJ. Parametric versus non-parametric statistics in the analysis of randomized trials with non-normally distributed data. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2005;5:35.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1190_CR73","first-page":"552","volume":"29","author":"MJ Blanca","year":"2017","unstructured":"Blanca MJ, Alarc\u00f3n R, Arnau J, Bono R, Bendayan R. Non-normal data: Is ANOVA still a valid option? Psicothema. 2017;29(4):552\u20137.","journal-title":"Psicothema."},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3102\/10769986009002129","volume":"9","author":"SF Olejnik","year":"1984","unstructured":"Olejnik SF, Algina J. Parametric ANCOVA and the rank transform ANCOVA when the data are conditionally non-Normal and heteroscedastic. J Educ Stat. 1984;9(2):129\u201349.","journal-title":"J Educ Stat"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.105.1.156","volume":"105","author":"T Micceri","year":"1989","unstructured":"Micceri T. The unicorn, the normal curve, and other improbable creatures. Psychol Bull. 1989;105(1):156.","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"1190_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01602","volume":"8","author":"R Bono","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bono R, Blanca MJ, Arnau J, G\u00f3mez-Benito J. Non-normal distributions commonly used in health, education, and social sciences: a systematic review. Front Psychol. 2017;8:1602.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"1190_CR77","unstructured":"Chakravarti L, Roy. Handbook of methods of applied statistics, Volume I: John Wiley and Sons; 1967."},{"key":"1190_CR78","unstructured":"NIST\/SEMATECH. e-Handbook of Statistical Methods. http:\/\/www.itl.nist.gov\/div898\/handbook\/ . Accessed 31 Jan 2018."},{"issue":"347","key":"1190_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1974.10480196","volume":"69","author":"M. A. Stephens","year":"1974","unstructured":"Stephens M. EDF statistics for goodness of fit and some comparisons. J Am Stat Assoc. 1974;69(347).","journal-title":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"},{"key":"1190_CR80","unstructured":"Kent State University Libraries. SPSS Tutorials: Descriptive Stats for One Numeric Variable (Explore). https:\/\/libguides.library.kent.edu\/SPSS\/Explore . Accessed 18 Jan 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR81","first-page":"417","volume":"17","author":"A Turusheva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Turusheva A, Frolova E, Degryse JM. Age-related normative values for handgrip strength and grip strength\u2019s usefulness as a predictor of mortality and both cognitive and physical decline in older adults in Northwest Russia. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2017;17(1):417\u201332.","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"key":"1190_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511611377","volume-title":"Analysis of variance and covariance : how to choose and construct models for the life sciences","author":"CP Doncaster","year":"2007","unstructured":"Doncaster CP, Davey AJH. Analysis of variance and covariance : how to choose and construct models for the life sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2007."},{"key":"1190_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1964.tb00553.x","volume":"26","author":"GEP Box","year":"1964","unstructured":"Box GEP, Cox DR. An analysis of transformations. J Royal Stat Soc B. 1964;26:211\u201352.","journal-title":"J Royal Stat Soc B"},{"key":"1190_CR84","first-page":"41","volume":"26","author":"AF Morris","year":"1982","unstructured":"Morris AF, Vaughan SE, Vaccaro P. Measurements of neuromuscular tone and strength in Down's syndrome children. J Ment Defic Res. 1982;26(Pt 1:41\u20136.","journal-title":"J Ment Defic Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"1190_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1352\/1934-9556-54.6.381","volume":"54","author":"MJ Tasse","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tasse MJ, Luckasson R, Schalock RL. The relation between intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior in the diagnosis of intellectual disability. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2016;54(6):381\u201390.","journal-title":"Intellect Dev Disabil."},{"key":"1190_CR86","unstructured":"Dancy C, Reidy J. Statistics without maths for psychology. Harlow: Pearson education limited; 2004."},{"issue":"2","key":"1190_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A. G*power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007;39(2):175\u201391.","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"1190_CR88","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"J Cohen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. ed. Hillsdale, N.J: L. Erlbaum Associates; 1988.","edition":"2nd ed. ed"},{"issue":"3","key":"1190_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.01.018","volume":"32","author":"TI Hilgenkamp","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hilgenkamp TI, Bastiaanse LP, Hermans H, Penning C, van Wijck R, Evenhuis HM. Study healthy ageing and intellectual disabilities: recruitment and design. Res Dev Disabil. 2011;32(3):1097\u2013106.","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"key":"1190_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2015.05.002","volume":"41-42","author":"A Oppewal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oppewal A, Hilgenkamp TI, van Wijck R, Schoufour JD, Evenhuis HM. Physical fitness is predictive for a decline in the ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living in older adults with intellectual disabilities: results of the HA-ID study. Res Dev Disabil. 2015;41-42:76\u201385.","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"1190_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S279","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12195","volume":"61","author":"RA Kenny","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kenny RA, Coen RF, Frewen J, Donoghue OA, Cronin H, Savva GM. Normative values of cognitive and physical function in older adults: findings from the Irish longitudinal study on ageing. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2013;61(Suppl 2):S279\u201390.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"10","key":"1190_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.06.008","volume":"95","author":"OA Donoghue","year":"2014","unstructured":"Donoghue OA, Savva GM, Cronin H, Kenny RA, Horgan NF. Using timed up and go and usual gait speed to predict incident disability in daily activities among community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;95(10):1954\u201361.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"1190_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12314","volume":"61","author":"G Glover","year":"2017","unstructured":"Glover G, Williams R, Heslop P, Oyinlola J, Grey J. Mortality in people with intellectual disabilities in England. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2017;61(1):62\u201374.","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"1190_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12194","volume":"28","author":"M McCarron","year":"2015","unstructured":"McCarron M, Carroll R, Kelly C, McCallion P. Mortality rates in the general Irish population compared to those with an intellectual disability from 2003 to 2012. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2015;28(5):406\u201313.","journal-title":"J Appl Res Intellect Disabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"1190_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1352\/1944-7558-116.3.220","volume":"116","author":"P Bartlo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bartlo P, Klein PJ. Physical activity benefits and needs in adults with intellectual disabilities: systematic review of the literature. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2011;116(3):220\u201332.","journal-title":"Am J Intellect Dev Disabil."},{"issue":"3","key":"1190_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.1.3.235","volume":"1","author":"GC Frey","year":"2004","unstructured":"Frey GC. Comparison of physical activity levels between adults with and without mental retardation. J Phys Act Health. 2004;1(3):235\u201345.","journal-title":"J Phys Act Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"1190_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1352\/0047-6765(2002)040<0436:POPIAR>2.0.CO;2","volume":"40","author":"CC Draheim","year":"2002","unstructured":"Draheim CC, Williams DP, McCubbin JA. Prevalence of physical inactivity and recommended physical activity in community-based adults with mental retardation. Ment Retard. 2002;40(6):436\u201344.","journal-title":"Ment Retard"},{"issue":"11","key":"1190_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.3109\/09638289809166104","volume":"20","author":"PR Messent","year":"1998","unstructured":"Messent PR, Cooke CB, Long J. Daily physical activity in adults with mild and moderate learning disabilities: is there enough? Disabil Rehabil. 1998;20(11):424\u20137.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"1190_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1352\/1944-7558-114.4:225-236","volume":"114","author":"Y Chiba","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chiba Y, Shimada A, Yoshida F, Keino H, Hasegawa M, Ikari H, et al. Risk of fall for individuals with intellectual disability. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2009;114(4):225\u201336.","journal-title":"Am J Intellect Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"9","key":"1190_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0184390","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184390","volume":"12","author":"J Peklar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Peklar J, Kos M, O'Dwyer M, McCarron M, McCallion P, Kenny RA, et al. Medication and supplement use in older people with and without intellectual disability: an observational, cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2017;12(9):e0184390.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"1190_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12391","volume":"61","author":"M O'Dwyer","year":"2017","unstructured":"O'Dwyer M, Peklar J, Mulryan N, McCallion P, McCarron M, Henman MC. Prevalence, patterns and factors associated with psychotropic use in older adults with intellectual disabilities in Ireland. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2017;61(10):969\u201383.","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"1190_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270011421489","volume":"52","author":"E Lowry","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lowry E, Woodman RJ, Soiza RL, Hilmer SN, Mangoni AA. Drug burden index, physical function, and adverse outcomes in older hospitalized patients. J Clin Pharmacol. 2012;52(10):1584\u201391.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1190_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2009.01193.x","volume":"53","author":"RL Sprague","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sprague RL, Deutsch KM, Newell KM. Adaptive force control in grasping as a function of level of developmental disability. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2009;53(9):797\u2013806.","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"}],"container-title":["BMC Geriatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-019-1190-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12877-019-1190-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-019-1190-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]],"date-time":"2024-07-20T04:47:15Z","timestamp":1721450835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12877-019-1190-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]]},"references-count":103,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1190"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-019-1190-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 November 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Ethical approval for the IDS-TILDA study was granted by the Faculty of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee in Trinity College Dublin. In addition, local and\/or regional ethical committee approval was granted from each service provider (<i>n<\/i>\u00a0=\u2009138).Participants signed written informed consent independently (with the aid of easy-to-read information) or, if this was not possible, a family member\/guardian signed a letter of agreement for their family member to participate. Consent to participate in the health assessment was also collected in writing at the time of the objective measures. A system of process consent was employed whereby between each measure, affirmation to proceed to the next measure was attained from the participant.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"173"}}