{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:03:43Z","timestamp":1792105423762,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,27]],"date-time":"2019-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Geriatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the context of an aging population, identifying risk factors for Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), specific to older people, is important. However, if age is a known risk factor for VRE infection, a limited number of studies have focused on older patients. This study aimed to identify potential risk factors for VRE acquisition in a population aged 65\u2009years and older, during a large VRE outbreak that occurred in a teaching hospital in Lyon, France, from December 2013 to July 2014.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present retrospective, multi-center, descriptive, and analytical study used part of a previous cohort, and included only a sub-group of patients aged 65\u2009years and older. The analysis of the factors included in the original study was completed with factors more specific to geriatric patients. Inclusion criteria were patients aged 65\u2009years and older, in contact with a VRE index patient. Patients were screened by rectal swabs. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 180 VRE contacts were included and 18 patients became carriers. Multivariate analysis showed that risk factors for VRE acquisition in older people included major contact type (RR: 5.31, 95%CI [1.33; 21.19]), number of antibiotics used (RR: 1.36, 95%CI [1.04; 1.76]), a score of McCabe\u2009=\u20092 (RR: 116.39, 95%CI [5.52; 2455.98]), ethylism (RR: 5.50, 95%CI [1.49; 20.25]), and dementia (RR: 7.50, 95%CI [1.89; 29.80]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was able to demonstrate risk factors for VRE acquisition in older people. These risk factors should be taken into account when in the presence of older people in a VRE infected unit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-019-1398-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,27]],"date-time":"2019-12-27T18:02:42Z","timestamp":1577469762000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Risk factors for vancomycin-resistant enterococcus acquisition during a large outbreak in patients aged 65\u2009years and older"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Mathis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"Ha\u00efne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00eble","family":"Girard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Bonnefoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1398_CR1","first-page":"419","volume":"24\u201325","author":"S Marion","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marion S, Caroline B, Anne-Ga\u00eblle V, M\u00e9lanie C-C. Soing-Altrach, Sophan, Ponti\u00e8s Val\u00e9rie. Ent\u00e9rocoques r\u00e9sistants aux glycopeptides dans les \u00e9tablissements de sant\u00e9 en France : donn\u00e9es \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques du signalement des infections nosocomiales, juillet 2001-juin 2015. Bull Epid\u00e9miol Hebd. 2016;24\u201325:419\u201327 http:\/\/invs.santepubliquefrance.fr\/beh\/2016\/24-25\/2016_24-25_3.html. .","journal-title":"Bull Epid\u00e9miol Hebd"},{"key":"1398_CR2","unstructured":"Recommendations for Preventing the Spread of Vancomycin Resistance Recommendations of the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/MMWR\/preview\/MMWRhtml\/00039349.htm. Accessed 16 Nov 2019."},{"key":"1398_CR3","unstructured":"U. S Department of Health and Human Services - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States, 2013. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugresistance\/threat-report-2013\/. Accessed 7 Jun 2017."},{"key":"1398_CR4","unstructured":"HCSP. Pr\u00e9vention de la transmission crois\u00e9e des Bact\u00e9ries Hautement R\u00e9sistantes aux antibiotiques \u00e9mergentes (BHRe). 2013. https:\/\/www.hcsp.fr\/explore.cgi\/avisrapportsdomaine?clefr=372. Accessed 10 Jun 2019."},{"issue":"2","key":"1398_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2016.04.010","volume":"10","author":"Larissa Fossi Djembi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Djembi LF, Hodille E, Chomat-Jaboulay S, Coudrais S, Santis ND, Gardes S, et al. Factors associated with Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus acquisition during a large outbreak. J Infect Public Health 2016;0. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2016.04.010.","journal-title":"Journal of Infection and Public Health"},{"key":"1398_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1086\/338461","volume":"34","author":"ML Elizaga","year":"2002","unstructured":"Elizaga ML, Weinstein RA, Hayden MK. Patients in long-term care facilities: a reservoir for vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34:441\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1398_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1086\/598345","volume":"30","author":"S Benenson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Benenson S, Cohen MJ, Block C, Stern S, Weiss Y, Moses AE, et al. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci in long-term care facilities. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2009;30:786\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/598345.","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"1398_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan D, Htun HL, Koh J, Kanagasabai K, Lim J-W, Hon P-Y, et al. Comparative epidemiology of Vancomycin-resistant enterococci colonization in an acute-care hospital and its affiliated intermediate- and long-term care facilities in Singapore. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018;62.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01507-18"},{"key":"1398_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1962.03620240029006","volume":"110","author":"R William","year":"1962","unstructured":"William R, McCabe, Jackson GG. Gram-negative bacteremia: I. etiology and ecology. Arch Intern Med. 1962;110:847\u201355.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"1398_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-197605001-00018","volume":"14","author":"S Katz","year":"1976","unstructured":"Katz S, Akpom CA. 12. Index of ADL. Med Care. 1976;14(5 Suppl):116\u20138.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"1398_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2016.07.023","volume":"94","author":"N Monteserin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Monteserin N, Larson E. Temporal trends and risk factors for healthcare-associated vancomycin-resistant enterococci in adults. J Hosp Infect. 2016;94:236\u201341.","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"1398_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-838246320140403","volume":"46","author":"D Moemen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moemen D, Tawfeek D, Badawy W. Healthcare-associated vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium infections in the Mansoura University hospitals intensive care units, Egypt. Braz J Microbiol Publ Braz Soc Microbiol. 2015;46:777\u201383.","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol Publ Braz Soc Microbiol"},{"key":"1398_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1067\/mic.2000.106276","volume":"28","author":"EM Beltrami","year":"2000","unstructured":"Beltrami EM, Singer DA, Fish L, Manning K, Young S, Banerjee SN, et al. Risk factors for acquisition of vancomycin-resistant enterococci among patients on a renal ward during a community hospital outbreak. Am J Infect Control. 2000;28:282\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"1398_CR14","first-page":"159","volume":"2","author":"L De Decker","year":"2009","unstructured":"De Decker L. L\u2019indice de co-morbidit\u00e9 de Charlson. Ann G\u00e9rontologie. 2009;2:159\u201360.","journal-title":"Ann G\u00e9rontologie"},{"key":"1398_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198510000-00009","volume":"13","author":"WA Knaus","year":"1985","unstructured":"Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE. APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med. 1985;13:818\u201329.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1398_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","volume":"40","author":"ME Charlson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40:373\u201383.","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"key":"1398_CR17","unstructured":"Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise d\u2019Alcoologie. Recommandations \u201cpersonnes \u00e2g\u00e9es et consommation d\u2019alcool\u201d. Texte court. Alcoologie Addictologie. 2014;36:61\u201372. https:\/\/www.alcoologie-et-addictologie.fr\/index.php\/aa\/article\/view\/548. Accessed 6 Jun 2019."},{"key":"1398_CR18","unstructured":"Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise d\u2019Alcoologie. Recommandations \u201cpersonnes \u00e2g\u00e9es et consommation d\u2019alcool\u201d. Question 2 \u2013 Complications li\u00e9es au m\u00e9susage d\u2019alcool chez le sujet \u00e2g\u00e9. Alcoologie Addictologie. 2014;36:239\u201346. https:\/\/www.alcoologie-et-addictologie.fr\/index.php\/aa\/article\/view\/560. Accessed 6 Jun 2019."},{"key":"1398_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.687","volume":"17","author":"J-M Kim","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kim J-M, Shin I-S, Stewart R, Yoon J-S. Alcoholism in older Korean men: prevalence, aetiology, and comorbidity with cognitive impairment and dementia in urban and rural communities. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2002;17:821\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"1398_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2001.49085.x","volume":"49","author":"VS Thomas","year":"2001","unstructured":"Thomas VS, Rockwood KJ. Alcohol abuse, cognitive impairment, and mortality among older people. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001;49:415\u201320.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"10","key":"1398_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.3918","volume":"174","author":"Susan L. Mitchell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mitchell SL, Shaffer ML, Loeb MB, Givens JL, Habtemariam D, Kiely DK, et al. Infection management and multidrug-resistant organisms in nursing home residents with advanced dementia. JAMA Intern Med. 2014;174(10):1660\u20137.","journal-title":"JAMA Internal Medicine"},{"key":"1398_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369674","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/369674","volume":"2013","author":"M Shorman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shorman M, Al-Tawfiq JA. Risk factors associated with vancomycin-resistant enterococcus in intensive care unit settings in Saudi Arabia. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2013;2013:369674.","journal-title":"Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis"},{"key":"1398_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.65.57","volume":"65","author":"SY Kee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kee SY, Park CW, Lee JE, Kwon YJ, Pyo HJ, Western Dialysis Physical Association, et al. Healthcare-associated risk factors of vancomycin-resistant enterococci colonization among outpatients undergoing hemodialysis. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2012;65:57\u201360.","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1398_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2014.05.016","volume":"65","author":"IM Zacharioudakis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zacharioudakis IM, Zervou FN, Ziakas PD, Rice LB, Mylonakis E. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci colonization among Dialysis patients: a meta-analysis of prevalence, risk factors, and significance. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015;65:88\u201397.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"1398_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2005.06.018","volume":"62","author":"SP McEvoy","year":"2006","unstructured":"McEvoy SP, Plant AJ, Pearman JW, Christiansen KJ. Risk factors for the acquisition of vancomycin-resistant enterococci during a single-strain outbreak at a major Australian teaching hospital. J Hosp Infect. 2006;62:256\u20138.","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect."},{"key":"1398_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1086\/502357","volume":"25","author":"DK Warren","year":"2004","unstructured":"Warren DK, Nitin A, Hill C, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH. Occurrence of co-colonization or co-infection with vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a medical intensive care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2004;25:99\u2013104.","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"1398_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kramer A, Schwebke I, Kampf G. How long do nosocomial pathogens persist on inanimate surfaces? A systematic review. BMC Infect Dis. 2006;6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2334-6-130.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-6-130"},{"key":"1398_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1086\/527394","volume":"46","author":"M Drees","year":"2008","unstructured":"Drees M, Snydman DR, Schmid CH, Barefoot L, Hansjosten K, Vue PM, et al. Prior environmental contamination increases the risk of Acquisition of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46:678\u201385.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["BMC Geriatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-019-1398-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12877-019-1398-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-019-1398-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]],"date-time":"2022-10-09T12:35:01Z","timestamp":1665318901000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12877-019-1398-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1398"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-019-1398-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 August 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 December 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 December 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The realization of the cohort was approved by the local ethical committee (Hospices Civils de Lyon, France) and by the National Data Protection Commission (<i>Commission Nationale de l\u2019Informatique et des Libert\u00e9s<\/i>, CNIL). However, according to the legislation in place at the time of the present study (French law no. 2004\u2013806) and because the data were collected retrospectively, this specific study did not require a novel authorization from an ethics committee or from the National Data Protection Commission. It was conducted in accordance with the law on data protection (no. 2004\u2013801, August 6, 2004).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"377"}}