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This study aimed to investigate the long-term prognosis of patients aged \u226575 years\u00a0who underwent enteral feeding via GS and NGT as well as PN.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A population-based cohort study was conducted using Japan\u2019s universal health\u00a0insurance claims in the Nara Prefecture. This study enrolled 3,548 patients aged \u226575 years who\u00a0received GS (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>=770), NGT (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>=2,370), and PN (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>=408) during hospital admissions between\u00a0April 2014 and March 2016. The GS group was further categorized into secondary GS (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>=400)\u00a0with preceding NGT or PN within 365 days and primary GS (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>=370) without preceding NGT\u00a0or PN groups. In the secondary GS group, 356 (96%) patients received NGT (versus PN). The\u00a0outcome was mortality within 730 days after receiving GS, NGT, and PN. Cox regression\u00a0analyses in cases with or without malignant diseases, adjusted for sex, age, comorbidity, and\u00a0hospital type, were performed to compare mortality in the groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Of the 3,548 participants, 2,384 (67%) died within 730 days after the initiation of GS\u00a0and NGT and PN. The 2-year mortality rates in the secondary GS, primary GS, NGT, and PN\u00a0groups were 58%, 66%, 68%, and 83% in patients without malignancies and 67%, 71%, 74%,\u00a0and 87% in those with malignancies, respectively. In the non-malignant group, Cox regression\u00a0analysis revealed that secondary GS (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.34\u20130.54), primary\u00a0GS (HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.40\u20130.64), and NGT (HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.58-0.87) were\u00a0statistically significantly associated with lower mortality compared with PN.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Approximately 58% to 87% patients aged \u226575 years died within 730 days after\u00a0initiation of nutrition through GS, NGT, or PN. Patients with non-malignant diseases who received secondary GS exhibited better 2-year prognosis than those who received NGT or PN.\u00a0Healthcare professionals should be aware of the effectiveness and limitations of enteral feeding\u00a0and PN when considering their initiation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-02003-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T09:36:17Z","timestamp":1611826577000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Long\u2010term prognosis of enteral feeding and parenteral nutrition in a population aged 75\u00a0years and older: a population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yukio","family":"Tsugihashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Akahane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Nakanishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoya","family":"Myojin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichiro","family":"Kubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Nishioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Noda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuichiro","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiori","family":"Furihata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsuneyuki","family":"Higashino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoaki","family":"Imamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2003_CR1","first-page":"2607","volume":"353","author":"D Casarett","year":"2002","unstructured":"Casarett D, Kapo J, Caplan A. 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(Authorization number: 1123-4). The requirement for informed consent was waived because of the anonymized nature of the claims datasets. The datasets generated during the current study complied with the publication policy of Nara Prefecture.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"80"}}