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The aim of this study was to determine the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in elderly patients with OSA complicated with type 2 diabetes compared to patients with OSA without type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From January 2015 to October 2017, 1113 eligible elderly patients with OSA, no history of cardiovascular, \u226560\u2009years of age, and complete follow-up records were enrolled in this consecutive multicentre prospective cohort study. All patients had completed polysomnography (PSG) examinations. An apnoea-hypopnoea index of \u22655 events per hour recorded by polysomnography was defined as the diagnostic criterion for OSA. We collected baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, sleep parameters and follow-up outcomes. The primary aim of this study was to identify the risk of incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality, components of MACE and a composite of all events. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate whether type 2 diabetes was associated with incident events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 266 (23.9%) patients had OSA complicated with type 2 diabetes. MACE occurred in 97 patients during the median 42-month follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated a significant relationship between type 2 diabetes and MACE (log-rank\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that type 2 diabetes increased the risk of MACE (HR\u2009=\u20091.64, 95% CI:1.08\u20132.47,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.019), hospitalisation for unstable angina (HR\u2009=\u20092.11, 95% CI:1.23\u20133.64,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007) and a composite of all events in elderly patients with OSA (HR\u2009=\u20091.70, 95% CI:1.17\u20132.49,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007). However, there were no significant differences in the incidence of cardiovascular death, all-cause mortality, MI and hospitalisation for heart failure between patients with and without diabetes (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The subgroup analysis demonstrated that females (AHR\u2009=\u20092.46, 95% CI:1.17\u20135.19,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.018), \u2265 70\u2009years (AHR\u2009=\u20091.95, 95% CI:1.08\u20133.52,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.027), overweight and obese (AHR\u2009=\u20092.04, 95% CI:1.29\u20133.33,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002) with mild OSA (AHR\u2009=\u20092.42, 95% CI: 1.03\u20135.71,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.044) were at a higher risk for MACE by diabetes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OSA and type 2 diabetes are interrelated and synergistic with MACE, hospitalisation for unstable angina and a composite of all events development. Overweight and obese females, \u2265 70\u2009years with mild OSA combined with type 2 diabetes presented a significantly high MACE risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-021-02461-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]],"date-time":"2021-09-25T12:02:25Z","timestamp":1632571345000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Impact of obstructive sleep apnea complicated with type 2 diabetes on long-term cardiovascular risks and all-cause mortality in elderly patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian Hua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinghui","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaibing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing Jing","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li Bo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanhuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yabin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxuan","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junling","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoshun","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiming","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2461_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-2116","volume":"43","author":"NJ Adderley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adderley NJ, Subramanian A, Toulis K, et al. 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